1, using thermal insulation materials. 36% of the world's energy consumption is on the heating and cooling of houses. The "zero-energy residential" model houses built in Switzerland and Germany show that it is difficult to estimate the energy-saving potential of heating and cooling with new materials and methods.
2. Use energy-saving lamps. 20% of the world's electricity is consumed in lighting, of which 40% is consumed by old incandescent bulbs. Under the same luminous quantity, the energy-saving fluorescent lamp not only saves electricity by 75% to 80% compared with incandescent lamp, but also has a service life of 10 times longer than incandescent lamp.
3. Improve the household heat exchanger. The energy efficiency of water heaters, heaters and air conditioners is actually very poor. Only a part of the energy consumed by these heat exchangers is really used to adjust the temperature. Heat pump will change this situation. Heat pump can use the heat energy or geothermal energy in the outdoor air to heat or cool buildings, with little consumption of traditional energy.
4. Transform the energy-consuming equipment of the factory. About13 of the world's energy is consumed by industrial departments, which has great energy-saving potential. For example, Japan's Mitsubishi Heavy Industries began to use the waste heat of steelmaking furnaces to generate electricity in the 1980s, saving more than 70% energy.
5. Drive an environmentally friendly and energy-saving car. 65438+ 0.4 of the world's energy is used for transportation, including 2/3 of the oil produced every year. Some energy-saving measures in the transportation field cost nothing at all. For example, keeping tires properly inflated can improve energy efficiency by 6%. In addition, under the same gasoline consumption, the mileage of environmentally-friendly cars such as hybrid cars can be 20% more than that of traditional cars.
6. Improve the energy-saving effect of the refrigerator. More than half of residential electricity consumption is used for household appliances, and 1/5 of global carbon dioxide emissions is caused by residential electricity consumption. Since 1980s, manufacturers have improved the energy efficiency of white goods such as refrigerators by about 70%, but there is still room for improvement.