Format of couplets
Exquisite couplets not only have a long history and traditional habits, but also have a unified direction and fixed format on the basis of widespread use by the masses. From the literary point of view, it is a special style that is more valued and strict in China folk cultural heritage. From the format, it is closely combined with real life. There are two doorframes and a lintel road in the middle, which are composed of three parts:
The first part: the first sentence, also called sentence;
Bottom line: the second sentence, also called antithesis;
Banner: Also called horizontal batch or horizontal row.
The upper and lower couplets are the main part of couplets, which are both wonderful and indispensable.
In addition, in the practical application of couplets, no matter how long the upper and lower couplets are, there are generally no punctuation marks, which is also very particular about the format. But there are exceptions
Types of couplets
Judging from the content reflected and the occasions used, couplets can be divided into:
Spring Festival couplets:
The couplets specially posted on New Year's Day and Spring Festival are called Spring Festival couplets because of their strong timeliness. For example, the Long March Road is full of spring, full of flowers and very democratic.
Couplets:
In order to express a certain desire or meet the needs of decoration, couplets used to be engraved on official posts, houses, temples and gardens, or on wooden boards or on wall stones, collectively called couplets. For example, 1979, the "Yue Temple" in Hangzhou was renovated. Zhao Puchu, a famous contemporary poet and calligrapher, changed the meaning of Yue Fei's "the river is full of red", and carefully wrote a magnificent new couplet on the pillars on both sides of the reconstructed Yue Fei statue: I hope the weather will be beautiful, the human soul will be revived, the temple will be new today, the old cypress will be reopened, and I will look forward to Chihiro. Tidy up mountains and rivers to reward hard work, watch China this day, rise to a new journey, Wan Li drives a long car.
Marriage alliance:
Couplets specially selected or written on the wedding day can express a warm atmosphere, which is called Spring Festival couplets. For example, the newly opened flowers of happiness will always bear fruitful fruits together.
Elegance:
In order to evaluate the life achievements of ancestors and express the sincere nostalgia of future generations, couplets used at memorial services or commemorative meetings are called elegiac couplets. Such as mourning the love of Premier Zhou: the painstaking efforts of the old cadres in the revolutionary cause shook the world like Mount Tai, and the ashes were scattered like rain and dew with the kindness of the Premier.
First couplet:
When the elderly celebrate their birthdays, children often carefully write some auspicious words, stick them on the door or hang them in the hall to express their blessings to their elders. Such couplets are called birthday couplets. 194 1 year, at the 60th birthday conference in Ma Yinchu, three people, Zhi and Deng, jointly presented a pair of birthday couplets: Tao Li Zenghua sat in a tent without cranes and supported the bed with a turtle as a companion.
Requirements of couplets
Couplets with five or seven words are exactly the same as couplets (three or four sentences) or abdominal couplets (five or six sentences) that rhyme with five or seven words. As an independent literary genre, couplets mainly require antithesis and couplet. The so-called "right" means that in the form of pairs, each other is "right"; The so-called "connection" means that the contents of the context should take care of each other and be closely related. The upper and lower couplets must have a complete and unified organization and clear and concise language in order to explain a problem, express a thing or clarify a truth well. Specifically, the requirements of couplets are:
The number of words in the upper and lower couplets should be equal;
The upper and lower conjunctions should be the same; That is, the phrases that make up the upper couplet are several words respectively, and the corresponding phrases of the lower couplet must also be several words respectively.
The upper and lower parts of speech should be consistent; The so-called part of speech refers to the category nature of words, such as nouns, verbs and adjectives. The part of speech of the upper couplet and the part of speech of the lower couplet should be the same and relative according to the order of words. This requirement is mainly to better express the ideological content in symmetrical artistic language.
Syntax of upper and lower conjunctions should be consistent; Syntax is the way to make sentences. In a couplet, the first couplet is composed of several words, so must the second couplet.
Up and down should be harmonious; In the expression of couplets, we should pay attention to the relative melody, that is, the tone is even and gentle. This is mainly for the sake of harmonious phonology, scattered ups and downs, and pleasing to the ear. For example:
-Clouds carry bells through the Woods-
(average, average)
-The moon moves over Jiang Lai-
It is flat and peaceful.
In addition, there are two main syllables in ancient poetry. One is a two-word rice called "two-tone step" and the other is a single-word rice called "one-tone step". Two-tone step is mainly based on the second word, and the first word is not strict, and couplets are also acceptable. For example:
-The window contains Xiling snow-
(-Ping-Ping)
-Mombo Wu Dong Wan Li-
(-Ping-Ping)
The "window" in the upper couplet and the "door" in the lower couplet are flat to flat, and the "west" and "east" are opposite.
The contents of the up and down links should be related; For example, Gu Xiancheng, the leader of Lindong Party in Ming Dynasty, wrote such a couplet on the gate of Donglin Academy: The sound of wind and rain, the sound of reading, all care about the family, the country and the world. The first part writes about scenery, the second part expresses ambition, and the content of the first part is closely related, which makes it easy for people to understand the author's self-encouragement and self-motivation literally.
Requirements for writing Spring Festival couplets
Spring Festival couplets are a new style derived from China's ancient parallel prose and a traditional literary form of China's poetry. It is different from ancient parallel prose and poetry, and it is a unique independent style. Although the antithetical couplets in regular poems or parallel prose are often wonderful couplets, they can only be called couplets if they exist independently of regular poems or parallel prose. Its most striking feature is that it is paired in form, and the two couplets are "pairs" with each other, and they take care of each other and are closely related in content. The upper and lower couplets must have a complete and unified structure and clear and concise language. The specific requirements are as follows:
The number of words in the upper and lower couplets should be equal.
For example: "The Spring Festival is rich every year, good years and peace, and step by step." This pair of Spring Festival couplets has seven words each, and the number of words in the upper and lower couplets is equal, which is the most basic requirement of Spring Festival couplets. But there are other phenomena. 19 16 After the death of Yuan Shikai, the national people rushed to tell each other, rejoicing and dancing. A scholar in Sichuan claimed to go to Beijing to send Yuan Shikai an elegiac couplet. Hearing this, the villagers were surprised and puzzled. They opened the couplet he wrote and read:
Yuan Shikai is eternal.
Long live the people of China, the format of couplets.
Exquisite couplets not only have a long history and traditional habits, but also have a unified direction and fixed format on the basis of widespread use by the masses. From the literary point of view, it is a special style that is more valued and strict in China folk cultural heritage. From the format, it is closely combined with real life. There are two doorframes and a lintel road in the middle, which are composed of three parts:
The first part: the first sentence, also called sentence;
Bottom line: the second sentence, also called antithesis;
Banner: Also called horizontal batch or horizontal row.
The upper and lower couplets are the main part of couplets, which are both wonderful and indispensable.
In addition, in the practical application of couplets, no matter how long the upper and lower couplets are, there are generally no punctuation marks, which is also very particular about the format. But there are exceptions
Types of couplets
Judging from the content reflected and the occasions used, couplets can be divided into:
Spring Festival couplets:
The couplets specially posted on New Year's Day and Spring Festival are called Spring Festival couplets because of their strong timeliness. For example, the Long March Road is full of spring, full of flowers and very democratic.
Couplets:
In order to express a certain desire or meet the needs of decoration, couplets used to be engraved on official posts, houses, temples and gardens, or on wooden boards or on wall stones, collectively called couplets. For example, 1979, the "Yue Temple" in Hangzhou was renovated. Zhao Puchu, a famous contemporary poet and calligrapher, changed the meaning of Yue Fei's "the river is full of red", and carefully wrote a magnificent new couplet on the pillars on both sides of the reconstructed Yue Fei statue: I hope the weather will be beautiful, the human soul will be revived, the temple will be new today, the old cypress will be reopened, and I will look forward to Chihiro. Tidy up the mountains and rivers to reward hard work, watch China this day, rise to a new journey, Wan Li drives a long car.
Marriage alliance:
Couplets specially selected or written on the wedding day can express a warm atmosphere, which is called Spring Festival couplets. For example, the newly opened flowers of happiness will always bear fruitful fruits together.
Elegance:
In order to evaluate the life achievements of ancestors and express the sincere nostalgia of future generations, couplets used at memorial services or commemorative meetings are called elegiac couplets. Such as mourning the love of Premier Zhou: the painstaking efforts of the old cadres in the revolutionary cause shook the world like Mount Tai, and the ashes were scattered like rain and dew with the kindness of the Premier.
First couplet:
When the elderly celebrate their birthdays, children often carefully write some auspicious words, stick them on the door or hang them in the hall to express their blessings to their elders. Such couplets are called birthday couplets. 194 1 year, at the 60th birthday conference in Ma Yinchu, three people, Zhi and Deng, jointly presented a pair of birthday couplets: Tao Li Zenghua sat in a tent without cranes and supported the bed with a turtle as a companion.
Requirements of couplets
Couplets with five or seven words are exactly the same as couplets (three or four sentences) or abdominal couplets (five or six sentences) that rhyme with five or seven words. As an independent literary genre, couplets mainly require antithesis and couplet. The so-called "right" means that in the form of pairs, each other is "right"; The so-called "connection" means that the contents of the context should take care of each other and be closely related. The upper and lower couplets must have a complete and unified organization and clear and concise language in order to explain a problem, express a thing or clarify a truth well. Specifically, the requirements of couplets are:
The number of words in the upper and lower couplets should be equal;
The upper and lower conjunctions should be the same; That is, the phrases that make up the upper couplet are several words respectively, and the corresponding phrases of the lower couplet must also be several words respectively.
The upper and lower parts of speech should be consistent; The so-called part of speech refers to the category nature of words, such as nouns, verbs and adjectives. The part of speech of the upper couplet and the part of speech of the lower couplet should be the same and relative according to the order of words. This requirement is mainly to better express the ideological content in symmetrical artistic language.
Syntax of upper and lower conjunctions should be consistent; Syntax is the way to make sentences. In a couplet, the first couplet is composed of several words, so must the second couplet.
Up and down should be harmonious; In the expression of couplets, we should pay attention to the relative melody, that is, the tone is even and gentle. This is mainly for the sake of harmonious phonology, scattered ups and downs, and pleasing to the ear. For example:
-Clouds carry bells through the Woods-
(average, average)
-The moon moves over Jiang Lai-
It is flat and peaceful.
In addition, there are two main syllables in ancient poetry. One is a two-word rice called "two-tone step" and the other is a single-word rice called "one-tone step". Two-tone step is mainly based on the second word, and the first word is not strict, and couplets are also acceptable. For example:
-The window contains Xiling snow-
(-Ping-Ping)
-Mombo Wu Dong Wan Li-
(-Ping-Ping)
The "window" in the upper couplet and the "door" in the lower couplet are flat to flat, and the "west" and "east" are opposite.
The contents of the up and down links should be related; For example, Gu Xiancheng, the leader of Lindong Party in the Ming Dynasty, wrote such a couplet on the gate of Donglin Academy: The sound of wind and rain, the sound of reading, all care about the family, the country and the world. The first part writes about scenery, the second part expresses ambition, and the content of the first part is closely related, which makes it easy for people to understand the author's self-encouragement and self-motivation literally.
1. The number of words in the upper and lower couplets should be equal.
2. The upper and lower parts of pronunciation should be the same.
3. The contents of the up and down links should be related.
Gao Ming Beidou
May you live as long as Nanshan.
Morality is the most important thing in the world
Respect other people's lives.
Chrysanthemum water is not all longevity.
Taoyuan is a fairy.
A crane is a thousand years old.
Song Wan Ling Gu Chun
Hand-baked Zheng Hong clothes
Enjoy peace in the new year.
Luzisan Cao Xiu
Cloud protection is as loose as nine
Nan Shan Xin Zuo Ode
Beihai Xikaizun
Shangyuan zaomei
Fairy cypress leaves glory
Prepare to go to sea.
Songzhu the aged hang
Yan Qian Qian ju Niang
Zhu Chunling is in class.
Pure money tree smoke pen
How red is the flat peach?
Liu Huahong breaks through
Baiye cuining lane
Sit and watch the clouds and forget the years.
Sang Ma smiled and held the pigeon's staff.
People are like pearls and stars in the sky.
Before the banquet in spring, the wine smells like cypress.
Apricot blossoms are moist and gorgeous.
Spring trees have deep clouds and beautiful scenery.
Plum blossoms on the ridge indicate early spring.
Toilet Toona sinensis protects its youth.
Red plum and green bamboo applaud friends.
Cypress and pine trees can withstand the cold all year round.
Virtue is like frost, and rain moistens it.
Shoubi pine and cypress is Changchun
Handcuff Wei Qi to collect great virtue.
Civilization has ways to enjoy a long life.
Amber lamp pours chitose wine
Four seasons flower glass vase
The stars in the sky should be companion stars.
I don't know the age of pine and cypress on the earth.
There is a spring rhythm in Lan Zhi in the room.
People are as old as pines and cypresses.
Wu Hai Qiu Xiantian and suan
Tao pan Hua Tang spring banquet
Xuanhua Tingxiu Meeting South Pole
Mei 'e Shufen Raobei Decoction (Longevity for Women)
Ambitious and energetic.
Children's eyes and his mind are full of spring breeze.
Strong physical fitness and long life.
Sun Xianzi Xiao Huan's later years.
Zuo Yin Taihang, you carry the East China Sea.
The old man rises in Invivo.
Calculation of the increase of Wuhai in spring and autumn
Flowers and trees in Pingquan protect the future.
Qupu Nanxun Qinghe meets early summer in April
Zunkai Beihai welcomes Changchun.