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Characteristics and shortcomings of three management modes of community sports fitness clubs
The characteristics and shortcomings of the three management modes of community sports fitness clubs include government management, socialized management and cooperative management.

1. The community sports and fitness clubs managed by the government are funded by local governments, managed by government agencies and responsible for their operation and services. This kind of community sports fitness club is characterized by stable service, strong professionalism and sufficient funds. However, the operation may be relatively simple and the innovation ability is limited.

2. Community sports fitness clubs managed by society are invested and established by social forces, managed by social forces, and their operation and services are also responsible by social forces. This type of community sports fitness club is characterized by strong flexibility and innovative management. However, the source of funds is not stable enough, and the service quality and management level are not standardized enough.

3. The cooperative operation of community sports fitness clubs is established by the government and social forces, and the partners are responsible for the operation and service. This kind of community sports fitness club is characterized by the participation of government and social forces, relatively high service quality and management level, and flexible operation and service. However, there is a problem of interest coordination in the process of cooperation, which requires full communication and consultation between all parties.