According to the regulations of the Games, a period of "Holy Truce" will be implemented throughout Greece before and after the Games (initially for one month, then extended to three months). During the "truce", no one is allowed to use the army to start a war, and offenders will be punished. In the competition activities, people enhance mutual understanding and strengthen unity and friendship through exchanges, which is naturally conducive to easing the relationship between the city-States. Therefore, unity and friendship became the pillars of the ancient Olympic Games. In addition, in ancient Greece, during weddings, funerals and harvest seasons, celebrations were often held to pay tribute to Zeus, the head of the gods. During the celebration, poetry reading, singing and dancing performances and sports competitions were held, which was also one of the important reasons for the formation of the ancient Olympic Games. When the Games first appeared, there was no unified organization, but they were scattered in Corinth, Athens, Olympia and other places, among which the Games held in Olympia were the largest. By the eighth century BC, sports meetings in other regions had disintegrated and started to be held in Olympia, which is why the ancient Greek Games were named after Olympia.
In 776 BC, the 1 ancient Olympic Games was held. It is held every 14 17 days (that is, every 4 years). In the first few sessions, there was only one sprint (192.27m), and later, long-distance running, long jump, javelin, discus, horse racing, racing and pentathlon (running, long jump, discus, javelin and wrestling) were gradually added. Of course, the method of competition is different from today. For example, in the long jump competition, athletes should hold dumbbells in both hands, accompanied by flutes. Another example is boxing, where athletes wear leather covers with spikes outside, which is more cruel than modern boxing matches. Participants in the competition were initially limited to adult men, and teenagers began to participate in the 37th session in 632 BC. According to statistics, there were 24 events in the ancient Olympic Games, including 8 events for adults/kloc-0 and 6 events for teenagers. Due to the gradual increase of events, the duration of the sports meeting was also increased from one day to three days, and later extended to five days. Most of the athletes (not all, such as armed competition, wearing clothes) are naked, naked and covered with olive oil. Therefore, nudity was all the rage and became a major feature of the ancient Olympic Games. There will be a solemn award ceremony at the sports meeting. The winner will receive an olive crown symbolizing honor, and the name of each winner will be engraved on the wall of the sports ground. In addition, for athletes who have won the championship three times, statues will be made for them next to the temple of Zeus to show their recognition and commemoration.
Participants in the Games are only Greek freemen, and slaves, foreigners and women have no right to participate. The requirements for women are particularly harsh. The Greeks thought that the sports meeting was a celebration, and it was blasphemous for women to participate. In addition, the sports meeting is a nude competition, which is inconvenient for women to visit. The ancient Olympic Games clearly stipulated that any woman who visited the sports meeting or participated in the sacred ceremony without permission was sentenced to death. However, at the 96th Olympic Games in 396 BC, a widow named Carly Padelia disguised as a man and took her son Pisidorus, a coach, to a boxing match, but she was finally found out and sentenced to death according to law. Later, because his father, brother and son won the championship, they got Amnesty. This is the only exception that ordinary women survived by peeking at the games in ancient Olympic Games. Although the ancient Olympic Games stipulated that women were not allowed to get their hands on them, the fate of women in the slave owners' aristocratic class was much better than that of ordinary women. In 680 BC, after the horse-drawn carriage race in the 25th Olympic Games was listed as an event, it was stipulated that the winner was not the player himself, but the owner of the horses and vehicles. The wives and daughters of female slave owners, nobles or dignitaries can hire people to participate in the competition and become indirect winners of the Olympic laurels. What's more, in the heyday of Sparta, Kuniska, the sister of Sparta King Asig Lahousse, defied the rules of the ancient Olympic Games by virtue of her brother's power and directly participated in the carriage race, becoming the first real female champion of the ancient Olympic Games. Later, Greek women held women's games on the grounds of paying homage to Hera, Zeus' wife. But when the sports meeting started, how big it was, and how many times it was held, I didn't take the test. However, women's games did exist during the ancient Olympic Games and were held in Olympia, Athens, Druce and other places. The competition was held after the Olympic Games and lasted for one day. The events of the competition are described in different historical materials, such as running, horse racing and javelin throwing. But as far as the cultural relics unearthed at present are concerned, there is only one race, and they are dressed in formal dresses.
From 776 BC to 394 AD, the ancient Greek Olympic Games were held 287 times. People divide it into three periods according to its origin, development and decline. 1. From 776 BC to 338 BC. This period was the golden age of the Olympic Games, especially in 490 BC, Greece built many Olympic facilities, which made the Olympic Games in its heyday. 2. From 338 BC to 146 BC, Macedonia retained the Olympic Games after conquering Greece. King Philip of Macedonia also personally participated in the carriage race. Later Alexander the Great still actively supported and added facilities for the Olympic Games, and regarded the Olympic Games as the highest form of sports activities in ancient Greece. Third, BC 146 to AD 394. The Olympic Games tend to decline. After the second century, Christianity ruled the whole of Europe, including Greece. It opposes sports, and the Olympic Games exist in name only. In 394 AD, the Roman emperor Theodosius I ordered the abolition of the Olympic Games. In 436 AD, Theodosius II burned down most of the buildings in Olympia. In 522 and 55 1 year, two strong earthquakes occurred in succession, which completely destroyed Olympia and made it a ruin.
Modern Olympic games
The ancient Greek Olympic Games was banned in 394 AD, and after sleeping for more than 1000 years, it resumed development in the 8th century, especially at the end of the 9th century.
From14th century to18th century, there were three major ideological and cultural movements in Europe: Renaissance, Reformation and Enlightenment. The emerging bourgeoisie's admiration for ancient Greek cultural and sports thoughts aroused people's yearning for the ancient Olympic Games.
/kloc-At the beginning of the 8th century, some scholars and experts from Britain, France, Germany and other countries visited Olympia one after another, and unearthed many precious cultural relics and historical materials related to the ancient Olympic Games, which aroused people's more intense interest in the ancient Olympic Games.
/kloc-At the end of 0/9, European countries witnessed vigorous economic and cultural development, increasingly frequent international exchanges and increased sports exchanges, and the first batch of international sports organizations appeared. 188 1 year, the international gymnastics Federation was established. 1892, the international skating Federation and the international rowing Federation were established one after another. From 65438 to 0887, Germans exhibited a large number of cultural relics excavated from Olympia in Berlin, which had a great response. German ruler William deliberately used the enthusiasm of the masses to disguise himself as the initiator of the Olympic Games in an attempt to dominate Europe. Europeans need a peaceful environment and think that restoring the Olympic Games is a good way to seek peace, but the ambitious William can't be the initiator of the modern Olympic Games. It is under such historical conditions that Frenchman Pierre De Coubertin proposed to restore the Olympic Games.
Coubertin was born in a noble family in Paris on New Year's Day in 1863. He became interested in the history of ancient Greece when he was in middle school, which had a great influence on his later participation in the Olympic Movement. 1883, Coubertin proposed for the first time to hold a competition similar to the ancient Olympic Games, but it was not a simple inheritance, but to expand the sports games previously limited to Greeks to the whole world. From 65438 to 0892, he visited all European countries and publicized the Olympic ideal. In the same year1October 25th, 165438+ delivered a famous speech entitled "Reviving the Olympics" in Paris. 1893, in order to restore the Olympic Games, he held the first international sports conference in Paris. In June, 1894, 1, he also wrote to sports clubs in various countries to discuss matters related to the resumption of the Olympic Games. On June 24th of the same year 18, the International Sports Conference was held in Paris again. The meeting decided to set up the International Olympic Committee with 12 member countries, and elected the Greek poet Wei Ze kailash as its chairman and Coubertin as its secretary-general. The meeting also decided that 1 Modern Olympic Games will be held in Athens, Greece in 1896. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is a corporate body with legal person status and permanent inheritance rights, and is not for profit. Headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland. Its main purpose is to make sports serve the harmonious development of mankind and improve human dignity; In the spirit of friendship, unity and fair competition, young people from different countries, different nationalities, different colors and different beliefs can get together, communicate with each other, strengthen understanding and enhance friendship, thus contributing to the establishment of a beautiful and peaceful world. The slogan of the Olympic Games is "Faster, Higher and Stronger". It was put forward by Didong, a close friend of Coubertin, and was officially approved by the International Olympic Committee in 19 13.
The Olympic flag is white with five connected rings printed in the middle, which is what we call the Olympic rings. The colors of the five rings are blue, yellow, black, green and red from left to right (they can also be drawn in monochrome). The pattern of the Olympic flag is designed according to Coubertin 19 13. 19 14 In July, the Olympic flag designed according to Coubertin's idea was hoisted for the first time at the International Olympic Committee meeting held in Paris to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the Olympic Movement. 1920 The flag printed with the five rings was officially hung in the 7th Olympic Games. At that time, the five colors of the ring were interpreted as representing five continents: Europe-sky blue, Asia-yellow, Africa-black, Australia-grass green and America-red. Later, the official explanation was that they represented the colors of the national flags of all countries participating in the International Olympic Committee. In the Olympic Review (No.40) published in 1979, the International Olympic Committee emphasized that the meaning of the five rings symbolizes the unity of the five continents, and athletes from all over the world gather at the Olympic Games in a fair and frank competition and friendly spirit.
The Olympic anthem is a beautiful and solemn classical orchestra. Composed by Greek Spiros samaras and Kostis palamas. 1896, Athens 1 At the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games, I was angry with Su Ben. 5? Tear strangers a little? Afraid of what? Stop? Fan? Do you want to change the barium sword to protect the stalk? ┕? Pick up the contracture? Do you like it? Arrogant Hey? Hey? Are you scratching your head a little?
The lyrics of this song are:
"The ancient immortal god, the beautiful, great and upright holy father, prayed to come to the world to show himself, and let the outstanding hero be your witness of glory in this earth and sky.
Please light up the runway, wrestling and throwing events. These noble competitions are all about giving crowns made of evergreen trees to winners and shaping a steel trunk.
The valleys, mountains and oceans set you off, and like a colorful rock, this huge temple was built. People from all over the world come here to worship you, ah, the immortal ancient god. "
Modern Olympic Games can be divided into winter and summer. The Summer Olympic Games is held every four years. If it cannot be held for some reason, the number of meetings will still be counted. There were 22 sessions from 1 held in Athens in 1986 to1Moscow Olympic Games in 1980. However, due to the two world wars, it was interrupted three times in 19 16 (6th session), 1940 (12nd session) and1944 (13rd session), but it was actually only held.
The Olympic Games is hosted by a city in a country, not this country. Several cities in a country can apply for hosting at the same time. If there are no special circumstances, the IOC must be selected at least six years ago.
The duration of the Summer Olympic Games, including the opening ceremony, shall not exceed 16 days. The events should include at least 15 of the following events: track and field, rowing, basketball, boxing, kayaking, cycling, fencing, football, gymnastics, weightlifting, handball, hockey, sailing, judo, wrestling, swimming (including diving and water polo), modern pentathlon, equestrian, shooting, archery and volleyball. Since the 20th Olympic Games of 1972, the above 2 1 events have been held in the last three sessions, and the number of individual events in each session has increased. 195 in 1972, 198 in 1976,
There are 203 items in 1980 and 220 items in 1984. The winners of the Olympic Games only receive spiritual rewards: one medal for each of the top three. The first place is a silver-plated medal. The gold content is at least 6 grams, the second place is silver and the third place is bronze. The top three were awarded certificates. The fourth, fifth and sixth place will not be awarded medals, but only certificates. The Olympic Committee stressed that the competition is only between athletes and teams, not between countries, so the team ranking is not officially announced.
At the 1896 Olympic Games, the Greeks still followed the old system of their ancestors, although women were excluded from the games.
1900 In the second Olympic Games, women won the right to participate in the Olympic Games for the first time. Although there are only 1 1 people, it has created a precedent for women to enter the world sports arena. At present, women's sports are in the ascendant, there are more and more women's events in the Olympic Games, and more and more female athletes participate. In 1900, the number of female participants is less than that of male 1%. At present, the ratio of male and female athletes in the Olympic Games is close to 5 1. In terms of events, 1900 women only participate in tennis and golf; 1984 Olympic Games, the number of women's individual events reached 6 1, accounting for 28% of all events.
At the baden-baden meeting of the International Olympic Committee in 198 1, two female members, Pi Haagman of Finland and Fonseca of Venezuela, were elected for the first time, thus breaking the situation that the International Olympic Committee has been all male members for more than 80 years since its establishment in 1894.
Figure skating and ice hockey were included in the Summer Olympic Games in 1908 and 1920.
During 1924, an ice and snow competition was held in Chamonix, France. 1925, the Prague meeting of the International Olympic Committee adopted the decision to hold the Winter Olympics on a regular basis, and ratified Chamonix's ice and snow competition as 1 Winter Olympics (see another record for the introduction of the Winter Olympics).
At present, apart from the Summer Olympic Games and the Winter Olympic Games, Olympic Games around the world have also set up Paralympics, which is a special Olympic Games specially held for people with weak intelligence, the World Chess Olympic Team Championship sponsored by the Chess Federation, the Olympic Bridge Championship sponsored by the World Bridge Federation and the Olympic Supplementary Tournament sponsored by an international organization called "World Entertainment". It offers events that are not included in the official Olympic events, such as fishing and skating.
Track and field has always been the core of the Olympic Games. Whether in the ancient Olympic Games or in the modern Olympic Games, track and field is always an eye-catching event.
The Olympic Games originated in the ancient Greek village of Olympia. In 884 BC, a war for Olympia took place between Elis and Sparta. Frequent wars at that time made ordinary people hate resorting to force and long for a peaceful life. After coordination, the two sides concluded a sacred treaty, which stipulated that Olympia was sacred and inviolable, and made it a sacred place for peace and a venue for competitions. Under the specific historical conditions of ancient Greece, the contradiction between war and peace was temporarily unified by sports activities. At that time, the rulers advocated sports competition because they could choose elite soldiers from the vast competitive team. Ordinary people are willing to take part in sports activities, not only because they can exercise bodybuilding, get entertainment and spiritual enjoyment, but also live a quiet life.
According to the regulations of the Games, a period of "Holy Truce" will be implemented throughout Greece before and after the Games (initially for one month, then extended to three months). During the "truce", no one is allowed to use the army to start a war, and offenders will be punished. In the competition activities, people enhance mutual understanding and strengthen unity and friendship through exchanges, which is naturally conducive to easing the relationship between the city-States. Therefore, unity and friendship became the pillars of the ancient Olympic Games. In addition, in ancient Greece, during weddings, funerals and harvest seasons, celebrations were often held to pay tribute to Zeus, the head of the gods. During the celebration, poetry reading, singing and dancing performances and sports competitions were held, which was also one of the important reasons for the formation of the ancient Olympic Games. When the Games first appeared, there was no unified organization, but they were scattered in Corinth, Athens, Olympia and other places, among which the Games held in Olympia were the largest. By the eighth century BC, sports meetings in other regions had disintegrated and started to be held in Olympia, which is why the ancient Greek Games were named after Olympia.
In 776 BC, the 1 ancient Olympic Games was held. It is held every 14 17 days (that is, every 4 years). In the first few sessions, there was only one sprint (192.27m), and later, long-distance running, long jump, javelin, discus, horse racing, racing and pentathlon (running, long jump, discus, javelin and wrestling) were gradually added. Of course, the method of competition is different from today. For example, in the long jump competition, athletes should hold dumbbells in both hands, accompanied by flutes. Another example is boxing, where athletes wear leather covers with spikes outside, which is more cruel than modern boxing matches. Participants in the competition were initially limited to adult men, and teenagers began to participate in the 37th session in 632 BC. According to statistics, there were 24 events in the ancient Olympic Games, including 8 events for adults/kloc-0 and 6 events for teenagers. Due to the gradual increase of events, the duration of the sports meeting was also increased from one day to three days, and later extended to five days. Most of the athletes (not all, such as armed competition, wearing clothes) are naked, naked and covered with olive oil. Therefore, nudity was all the rage and became a major feature of the ancient Olympic Games. There will be a solemn award ceremony at the sports meeting. The winner will receive an olive crown symbolizing honor, and the name of each winner will be engraved on the wall of the sports ground. In addition, for athletes who have won the championship three times, statues will be made for them next to the temple of Zeus to show their recognition and commemoration.
Participants in the Games are only Greek freemen, and slaves, foreigners and women have no right to participate. The requirements for women are particularly harsh. The Greeks thought that the sports meeting was a celebration, and it was blasphemous for women to participate. In addition, the sports meeting is a nude competition, which is inconvenient for women to visit. The ancient Olympic Games clearly stipulated that any woman who visited the sports meeting or participated in the sacred ceremony without permission was sentenced to death. However, at the 96th Olympic Games in 396 BC, a widow named Carly Padelia disguised as a man and took her son Pisidorus, a coach, to a boxing match, but she was finally found out and sentenced to death according to law. Later, because his father, brother and son won the championship, they got Amnesty. This is the only exception that ordinary women survived by peeking at the games in ancient Olympic Games. Although the ancient Olympic Games stipulated that women were not allowed to get their hands on them, the fate of women in the slave owners' aristocratic class was much better than that of ordinary women. In 680 BC, after the horse-drawn carriage race in the 25th Olympic Games was listed as an event, it was stipulated that the winner was not the player himself, but the owner of the horses and vehicles. The wives and daughters of female slave owners, nobles or dignitaries can hire people to participate in the competition and become indirect winners of the Olympic laurels. What's more, in the heyday of Sparta, Kuniska, the sister of Sparta King Asig Lahousse, defied the rules of the ancient Olympic Games by virtue of her brother's power and directly participated in the carriage race, becoming the first real female champion of the ancient Olympic Games. Later, Greek women held women's games on the grounds of paying homage to Hera, Zeus' wife. But when the sports meeting started, how big it was, and how many times it was held, I didn't take the test. However, women's games did exist during the ancient Olympic Games and were held in Olympia, Athens, Druce and other places. The competition was held after the Olympic Games and lasted for one day. The events of the competition are described in different historical materials, such as running, horse racing and javelin throwing. But as far as the cultural relics unearthed at present are concerned, there is only one race, and they are dressed in formal dresses.
From 776 BC to 394 AD, the ancient Greek Olympic Games were held 287 times. People divide it into three periods according to its origin, development and decline. 1. From 776 BC to 338 BC. This period was the golden age of the Olympic Games, especially in 490 BC, Greece built many Olympic facilities, which made the Olympic Games in its heyday. 2. From 338 BC to 146 BC, Macedonia retained the Olympic Games after conquering Greece. King Philip of Macedonia also personally participated in the carriage race. Later Alexander the Great still actively supported and added facilities for the Olympic Games, and regarded the Olympic Games as the highest form of sports activities in ancient Greece. Third, BC 146 to AD 394. The Olympic Games tend to decline. After the second century, Christianity ruled the whole of Europe, including Greece. It opposes sports, and the Olympic Games exist in name only. In 394 AD, the Roman emperor Theodosius I ordered the abolition of the Olympic Games. In 436 AD, Theodosius II burned down most of the buildings in Olympia. In 522 and 55 1 year, two strong earthquakes occurred in succession, which completely destroyed Olympia and made it a ruin.
Modern Olympic games
The ancient Greek Olympic Games was banned in 394 AD, and after sleeping for more than 1000 years, it resumed development in the 8th century, especially at the end of the 9th century.
From14th century to18th century, there were three major ideological and cultural movements in Europe: Renaissance, Reformation and Enlightenment. The emerging bourgeoisie's admiration for ancient Greek cultural and sports thoughts aroused people's yearning for the ancient Olympic Games.
/kloc-At the beginning of the 8th century, some scholars and experts from Britain, France, Germany and other countries visited Olympia one after another, and unearthed many precious cultural relics and historical materials related to the ancient Olympic Games, which aroused people's more intense interest in the ancient Olympic Games.
/kloc-At the end of 0/9, European countries witnessed vigorous economic and cultural development, increasingly frequent international exchanges and increased sports exchanges, and the first batch of international sports organizations appeared. 188 1 year, the international gymnastics Federation was established. 1892, the international skating Federation and the international rowing Federation were established one after another. From 65438 to 0887, Germans exhibited a large number of cultural relics excavated from Olympia in Berlin, which had a great response. German ruler William deliberately used the enthusiasm of the masses to disguise himself as the initiator of the Olympic Games in an attempt to dominate Europe. Europeans need a peaceful environment and think that restoring the Olympic Games is a good way to seek peace, but the ambitious William can't be the initiator of the modern Olympic Games. It is under such historical conditions that Frenchman Pierre De Coubertin proposed to restore the Olympic Games.
Coubertin was born in a noble family in Paris on New Year's Day in 1863. He became interested in the history of ancient Greece when he was in middle school, which had a great influence on his later participation in the Olympic Movement. 1883, Coubertin proposed for the first time to hold a competition similar to the ancient Olympic Games, but it was not a simple inheritance, but to expand the sports games previously limited to Greeks to the whole world. From 65438 to 0892, he visited all European countries and publicized the Olympic ideal. In the same year1October 25th, 165438+ delivered a famous speech entitled "Reviving the Olympics" in Paris. 1893, in order to restore the Olympic Games, he held the first international sports conference in Paris. In June, 1894, 1, he also wrote to sports clubs in various countries to discuss matters related to the resumption of the Olympic Games. On June 24th of the same year 18, the International Sports Conference was held in Paris again. The meeting decided to set up the International Olympic Committee with 12 member countries, and elected the Greek poet Wei Ze kailash as its chairman and Coubertin as its secretary-general. The meeting also decided that 1 Modern Olympic Games will be held in Athens, Greece in 1896. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is a corporate body with legal person status and permanent inheritance rights, and is not for profit. Headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland. Its main purpose is to make sports serve the harmonious development of mankind and improve human dignity; In the spirit of friendship, unity and fair competition, young people from different countries, different nationalities, different colors and different beliefs can get together, communicate with each other, strengthen understanding and enhance friendship, thus contributing to the establishment of a beautiful and peaceful world. The slogan of the Olympic Games is "Faster, Higher and Stronger". It was put forward by Didong, a close friend of Coubertin, and was officially approved by the International Olympic Committee in 19 13.
The Olympic flag is white with five connected rings printed in the middle, which is what we call the Olympic rings. The colors of the five rings are blue, yellow, black, green and red from left to right (they can also be drawn in monochrome). The pattern of the Olympic flag is designed according to Coubertin 19 13. 19 14 In July, the Olympic flag designed according to Coubertin's idea was hoisted for the first time at the International Olympic Committee meeting held in Paris to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the Olympic Movement. 1920 The flag printed with the five rings was officially hung in the 7th Olympic Games. At that time, the five colors of the ring were interpreted as representing five continents: Europe-sky blue, Asia-yellow, Africa-black, Australia-grass green and America-red. Later, the official explanation was that they represented the colors of the national flags of all countries participating in the International Olympic Committee. In the Olympic Review (No.40) published in 1979, the International Olympic Committee emphasized that the meaning of the five rings symbolizes the unity of the five continents, and athletes from all over the world gather at the Olympic Games in a fair and frank competition and friendly spirit.
The Olympic anthem is a beautiful and solemn classical orchestra. Composed by Greek Spiros samaras and Kostis palamas. 1896, Athens 1 At the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games, I was angry with Su Ben. 5? Tear strangers a little? Afraid of what? Stop? Fan? Do you want to change the barium sword to protect the stalk? ┕? Pick up the contracture? Do you like it? Arrogant Hey? Hey? Are you scratching your head a little?
The lyrics of this song are:
"The ancient immortal god, the beautiful, great and upright holy father, prayed to come to the world to show himself, and let the outstanding hero be your witness of glory in this earth and sky.
Please light up the runway, wrestling and throwing events. These noble competitions are all about giving crowns made of evergreen trees to winners and shaping a steel trunk.
The valleys, mountains and oceans set you off, and like a colorful rock, this huge temple was built. People from all over the world come here to worship you, ah, the immortal ancient god. "
Modern Olympic Games can be divided into winter and summer. The Summer Olympic Games is held every four years. If it cannot be held for some reason, the number of meetings will still be counted. There were 22 sessions from 1 held in Athens in 1986 to1Moscow Olympic Games in 1980. However, due to the two world wars, it was interrupted three times in 19 16 (6th session), 1940 (12nd session) and1944 (13rd session), but it was actually only held.
The Olympic Games is hosted by a city in a country, not this country. Several cities in a country can apply for hosting at the same time. If there are no special circumstances, the IOC must be selected at least six years ago.
The duration of the Summer Olympic Games, including the opening ceremony, shall not exceed 16 days. The events should include at least 15 of the following events: track and field, rowing, basketball, boxing, kayaking, cycling, fencing, football, gymnastics, weightlifting, handball, hockey, sailing, judo, wrestling, swimming (including diving and water polo), modern pentathlon, equestrian, shooting, archery and volleyball. Since the 20th Olympic Games of 1972, the above 2 1 events have been held in the last three sessions, and the number of individual events in each session has increased. 195 in 1972, 198 in 1976,
There are 203 items in 1980 and 220 items in 1984. The winners of the Olympic Games only receive spiritual rewards: one medal for each of the top three. The first place is a silver-plated medal. The gold content is at least 6 grams, the second place is silver and the third place is bronze. The top three were awarded certificates. The fourth, fifth and sixth place will not be awarded medals, but only certificates. The Olympic Committee stressed that the competition is only between athletes and teams, not between countries, so the team ranking is not officially announced.
At the 1896 Olympic Games, the Greeks still followed the old system of their ancestors, although women were excluded from the games.
1900 In the second Olympic Games, women won the right to participate in the Olympic Games for the first time. Although there are only 1 1 people, it has created a precedent for women to enter the world sports arena. At present, women's sports are in the ascendant, there are more and more women's events in the Olympic Games, and more and more female athletes participate. In 1900, the number of female participants is less than that of male 1%. At present, the ratio of male and female athletes in the Olympic Games is close to 5 1. In terms of events, 1900 women only participate in tennis and golf; 1984 Olympic Games, the number of women's individual events reached 6 1, accounting for 28% of all events.
At the baden-baden meeting of the International Olympic Committee in 198 1, two female members, Pi Haagman of Finland and Fonseca of Venezuela, were elected for the first time, thus breaking the situation that the International Olympic Committee has been all male members for more than 80 years since its establishment in 1894.
Figure skating and ice hockey were included in the Summer Olympic Games in 1908 and 1920.
During 1924, an ice and snow competition was held in Chamonix, France. 1925, the Prague meeting of the International Olympic Committee adopted the decision to hold the Winter Olympics on a regular basis, and ratified Chamonix's ice and snow competition as 1 Winter Olympics (see another record for the introduction of the Winter Olympics).
At present, apart from the Summer Olympic Games and the Winter Olympic Games, there are also Paralympics, special Olympics for the mentally weak, the World Chess Olympic Team Championship sponsored by the Chess Federation, the Olympic Bridge Championship sponsored by the World Bridge Federation and the Olympic Supplementary Tournament sponsored by an international organization called "World Entertainment", which are not included in the official Olympic Games.