1, long-term alcoholism
Alcohol is the first killer of liver damage, because after alcohol enters the human body, it is mainly metabolized in the liver. The toxicity of alcohol to liver cells hinders the decomposition and metabolism of fatty acids by liver cells, causes liver fat deposition and forms fatty liver. The more you drink, the more serious fatty liver is. Alcohol can not only cause fatty liver, but also induce liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Men who drink 80 grams of 50-degree liquor every day and women who drink 50 grams for more than 5 years are at risk of fatty liver. Drinking 40-80 grams a day is the risk threshold of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. If the threshold is exceeded, the incidence of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis will increase significantly.
2. Overnutrition
Long-term intake of excessive animal fat, vegetable oil, protein and carbohydrates, excess nutrients will be converted into fat and stored, leading to obesity, hyperlipidemia and fatty liver. There are more than 70 million obese people in China, and the obesity rate of urban primary and secondary school students exceeds 20%. The number of obese people has doubled in five years. A survey of 4009 government officials in Shanghai shows that the number of obese people is 3 1. 6%。 Obesity is the most common and definite risk factor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and its incidence rate is 50% ~ 75%. Research in Heilongjiang Province shows that the incidence of fatty liver in severely obese children is as high as 80%, and 8 out of 10 "chubby children" suffer from fatty liver.
3. Malnutrition
Obese people are prone to fatty liver, and it is often found that some people are thin but also suffer from fatty liver in clinic. This is due to long-term malnutrition, lack of some protein and vitamins, which can also cause nutritional fatty liver. If someone suffers from chronic intestinal diseases, long-term anorexia, dieting, partial eclipse, vegetarian diet, malabsorption syndrome and gastrointestinal bypass surgery, resulting in hypoproteinemia and lack of choline, amino acids or lipophilic substances. At this time, the mobilization of fat increases, and a large number of fatty acids are released from adipose tissue and enter the liver, which makes the fat in the liver accumulate and form fatty liver.
4. Chronic diseases such as diabetes.
Due to the lack of insulin, the body's utilization rate of glucose is reduced. In order to supplement energy, the free fatty acids in the body increase obviously, and these fatty acids can not be fully utilized, which makes the liver's fat synthesis function hyperfunction, thus causing fatty liver. The incidence of fatty liver in patients with type 2 diabetes is 40% ~ 50%, and most of them are moderate or above. Obesity and chronic alcoholic liver injury are prone to diabetes. 60% of obese patients are complicated with diabetes, and the incidence of fatty liver is twice as high as that of those without diabetes. In some patients with hepatitis, the synthesis and metabolism of triglycerides in diseased hepatocytes are unbalanced. If you eat too much fatty food, neutral fat will accumulate in the liver and form fatty liver.
5. Drug-induced liver injury.
Drug-induced liver damage accounts for 10% of adult hepatitis. Fatty liver is a common type, and there are dozens of drugs related to fatty liver, such as tetracycline, acetylsalicylic acid, glucocorticoid, synthetic estrogen, amiodarone, nifedipine, some anti-tumor drugs and lipid-lowering drugs. They inhibit the oxidation of fatty acids? , cause lipoprotein synthesis disorder, reduce the release of lipoprotein by the liver, and make fat accumulate in the liver.
6. It is closely related to hyperlipidemia.
Hypercholesterolemia is closely related to fatty liver, among which hypertriglycerids are the most closely related to fatty liver, and most of them are often accompanied by obesity, diabetes and alcoholism. Besides, some industrial poisons? Such as yellow phosphorus, arsenic, lead, copper, mercury, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, DDT, etc. It can also cause fatty liver. Pregnancy, heredity, mental, psychological and social factors, such as sitting more, exercising less and living lazily, are also related to the occurrence of fatty liver.