: Raman curiosity
Raman is an Indian physicist and a famous light scattering expert.
192 1 year, Raman attended the British university conference held in Oxford, and made a wonderful scientific research report at the conference, which was well received by people.
On his way home via the Mediterranean, Raman overheard a conversation between a mother and son, which contributed to a new turning point in his scientific research.
The ship crossed the Strait of Gibraltar and entered the blue Mediterranean Sea. The blue sea was calm, and Raman strolled onto the deck to look out at the sea. Next to him, a young mother was holding a young boy and talking.
"Mom, what's the name of this sea?"
"Mediterranean."
"Why is it called the Mediterranean?"
"Because it is sandwiched between Eurasia and Africa."
Obviously, the little boy is clever and studious, which has attracted Raman's attention.
"Mom, why is the sea blue?"
The blue sea became the object of suspicion for the little boy. The young mother was speechless and had to cast a look of help to Raman. Raman squatted down and took the little boy's hand kindly and said, "Son, the reason why the sea is blue is because it reflects the blue of the sky."
Before that, almost everyone accepted this explanation. It comes from the British physicist Lord Rayleigh, a great scientist who is famous for discovering inert gases. He used the theory that sunlight was scattered by atmospheric molecules to explain the color of the sky, and inferred that the blue of seawater was because it reflected the color of the sky.
But I don't know why, after bidding farewell to mother and son, Raman has been thinking about his explanation. Curious children, big eyes for knowledge, and the constant "why" made Raman feel deeply guilty. As a well-trained scientist, he found himself unconsciously losing the boy's curiosity to pursue the unknown among all the "known", which was a big surprise!
As soon as Raman returned to the laboratory, he began to study why the sea water is blue. He used the fluctuation theory of Einstein and others to study and observe the scattering phenomenon of light passing through seawater. Through a large number of experiments, he found that in the light scattering experiment, there are new components with different wavelengths in the scattered light, which are closely related to the structure of the scattered material. 1922, Raman published a paper, which proved by detailed analysis that the mechanism that water molecules scatter light to make seawater appear color is exactly the same as the mechanism that atmospheric molecules scatter sunlight to make the sky appear blue. Since then, he and his assistant have discovered the scattering effect that is common in other liquids, solids and gases.
The light scattering effect discovered by Raman provides strong evidence for quantum mechanics and relativity, and opens up a new way for scientific research all over the world. In order to commemorate Raman, people call this light scattering effect "Raman effect".
1930, Raman won the nobel prize in physics for discovering the light scattering effect.
An honest scientist
Ringer is an honest scientist! In A.D. 1726, Germany published the paleontological monograph "Wü rzburg Fossil Stone Atlas", which caused a sensation. However, what this book brought to the author Behringer was not fame and honor, but the tragedy of sadness and bankruptcy.
Behringer 1667- 1740 is a professor at the University of Wü rzburg. This expert in philosophy and medicine is a fossil fan. He not only bought all kinds of fossils, but also went to various places to collect them himself. Fossils are a faithful record of biological evolution history, and studying fossils was very fashionable knowledge at that time. However, Behringer's interest in fossils aroused some people's jealousy, and his two colleagues-a librarian and a geography professor-deliberately played tricks on him. After some planning, they hired people to bury fake fossils carved with insects, frogs, birds, monsters and ancient Hebrew characters in a quarry in the suburbs, and revealed this information to Behringer to lure him to collect these fossils.
This professor, who is very lack of geological knowledge and believes that "fossils were created by God", went to the quarry and was ecstatic when he found those rich and varied "fossils". He has collected more than 2,000 fossil specimens and spent several years sorting out more than 200 kinds of fossil stone tablets, and published the above-mentioned sensational works in the autumn of 1726.
Later, while continuing to collect fossils, he came across a "fossil" engraved with his name. He was surprised: "It's incredible, I'm not dead yet. How can there be fossils? " The more he thought about it, the more suspicious he felt. He immediately re-examined the past research results. After careful observation and thinking, he suddenly realized that the fossils he had worked so hard to collect were not real, and his years of efforts were in vain. He was very sad.
Despite his resentment, the honest scientist still feels a great responsibility. In order to prevent the spread of fake fossils, he made up his mind to take back this book that caused a sensation in the scientific community and burn it. Behringer spent several years on the verge of bankruptcy. Finally, he died silently in poverty.
In memory of this upright scientist, colleagues at the University of Wü rzburg buried him in a quarry on the outskirts of Wü rzburg and erected a tombstone for him. The tombstone reads: "Behringer is an honest scientist!" "It is said that 36 years after the death of this scientist, the collector of his book changed the title and republished it, thus committing the crime of deceiving the world and stealing reputation.
Bohr's interest
/kloc-at the end of 0/9 and the beginning of the 20th century, scientists made great discoveries in various scientific fields. Among these discoveries, the two most outstanding achievements are relativity and quantum mechanics. The founder of quantum mechanics is Bohr.
Bohr is Danish, his father is a professor of psychology at the university, and his family conditions are very superior. Bohr's father has three good friends: a physicist, a philosopher and a linguist. The four of them often get together on Friday nights to talk about physics, philosophy, literature and many other fields. Whenever they talk, little Bohr will sit by and listen quietly. After a long time, he gradually understood the conversation between his father and friends, and occasionally Bohr would interrupt a few words, which surprised the physicist. He found that Bohr Jr. was very interested in physics, and he was very talented in understanding physical phenomena and principles. About this time, little Bohr began to dream of becoming a physicist.
When I was in primary school, my father took him and his brother to church to play. They climbed to the top of the church. Father found Bohr staring at the clock above, so he asked Bohr, "Are you interested in clocks?"
"Well, Dad, I want to see the structure of the clock, can I?" Bohr asked.
"Go ahead, be careful!" Father told. However, the playful brother is a little unhappy: "A clock is nothing to see, and there is no knowledge at all."
"Everything is learned, you have to believe this." The father corrected the prejudice of the birth of the child in time. After a while, Bohr came back, and he really gained knowledge: he found that the rotation of the hands on the clock was caused by the meshing rotation of the gears behind it. Bohr excitedly told his father what he had found. Bohr not only tried to understand what he didn't know, but also gained knowledge himself. He likes to repair things by himself, and he will try anything that needs to be repaired at home.
Once, the flywheel of Bohr's bicycle was broken, and he repaired it himself: he removed the wheel and replaced it with a broken flywheel, but when he installed a new flywheel, it was always inappropriate, and the tire was always crooked somehow.
Bohr tried several times to disassemble and install, but it was still unsuccessful, but Bohr was not discouraged and continued to explore and try. However, when the passing mother saw her, she was already a little worried about her son and wanted to call a repairman to solve the problem, but her father stopped her. The father said, "Let the child do it by himself. I believe he will fix it. When he does it by himself, the joy will be unforgettable."
Sure enough, after careful observation and analysis, little Bohr finally repaired the car after several attempts. He is very happy and confident in his ability to deal with problems.
In this way, Bohr showed his unique wisdom more and more. 65438-0903 entered the University of Copenhagen with excellent results to study theoretical physics. Soon he studied in England and studied under the famous physicist Rutherford. There, he finally established his own atomic structure theory and boldly put forward the energy level hypothesis of electron transition. Bohr's research-after it was published, it caused a sensation in the whole scientific community. 1922 won the nobel prize in physics. Bohr finally realized his childhood dream.