The decrease of calcium intake changes the diet structure and gastrointestinal function of the elderly, which reduces calcium in the body, while the excretion in the body remains unchanged or slightly increases, resulting in calcium deficiency in the body.
The change of diet and the decrease of outdoor activities in the elderly with vitamin D deficiency make the source and transformation of vitamin D insufficient, thus promoting the occurrence of osteoporosis.
When the amount of exercise decreases, the bone density will increase, and the thickness of bone tissue and the density, quantity and quality of trabecular bone will increase. However, the obvious reduction of exercise and strength of the elderly reduces the stress on the bones and promotes the disuse and loosening of the bones.
Other individual differences, living habits, physical conditions, diseases, and even ethnic and regional factors are also related to the occurrence of osteoporosis.
Specific symptoms of osteoporosis pain The most common symptom of primary osteoporosis is low back pain, which accounts for 70%-80% of pain patients. The pain spread to both sides along the spine. The pain is relieved when sitting, aggravated when standing upright or sitting for a long time or sedentary, mild during the day, aggravated when waking up at night and early in the morning, aggravated when bending over, exercising muscles, coughing and having difficulty defecating. Osteoporosis in humpback is aggravated, and the curvature of humpback is increased, which leads to obvious contracture of knee joint.
Fracture is the most common and serious complication of degenerative osteoporosis.
Respiratory function decline, thoracolumbar compression fracture, kyphosis and thoracic deformity can obviously reduce vital capacity and maximum ventilation, and patients often have symptoms such as chest tightness, shortness of breath and dyspnea.
How to treat osteoporosis Chinese medicine treatment Chinese medicine believes that the mechanism of osteoporosis lies in kidney deficiency and essence deficiency, and pathogenic factors stagnate in meridians, so tonifying kidney and eliminating pathogenic factors should be the treatment. For patients with kidney yin deficiency, it is advisable to nourish yin and kidney, nourish essence and bone, and add and subtract Zuogui Pill and Liuwei Dihuang Pill. For osteoporosis patients with liver and kidney yin deficiency and hyperactivity of fire due to yin deficiency, it is advisable to nourish yin and reduce fire, and add Baizhi Dihuang Pill above, while Cistanche deserticola, Herba Epimedii and Rhizoma Curculiginis are added for cold. If kidney deficiency, wind-cold-dampness pathogen block, the upper part is treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction. People with spleen and stomach deficiency should strengthen the spleen and replenish qi, replenish essence and marrow, and add and subtract Shen Ling Baizhu Powder. Osteoporosis patients with deficiency of both qi and blood are treated by supplementing both qi and blood, reinforcing marrow and strengthening bones, and adding and subtracting Bazhen Decoction.
Drug therapy Taking analgesic drugs is the first choice for the treatment of osteoporosis, and the medication should be determined according to the degree of pain, especially for elderly patients with osteoporosis, whose liver, kidney and gastrointestinal functions are poor, accompanied by many other diseases, so the types and dosage of drugs should be cautious. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics can't relieve pain satisfactorily for patients with severe pain, so it is necessary to give weak opioids such as tramadol, oxycontin, Sha Fei and even the opioid Dory.
Nursing methods of osteoporosis: taking part in physical exercise and moderate exercise is beneficial to the health of muscles and bones, can enhance the tension and elasticity of muscles, enhance the tolerance of bones, increase the bleeding of bones, make bones nutritious and delay the aging of bones. The elderly should pay attention to mastering the amount of exercise and exercising moderately, not too much or too little; And pay attention to safety, the time of exercise should be chosen in a period of sufficient light. Secondly, we should choose a good sports venue, in a familiar environment. Don't choose a venue where young people are engaged in strenuous activities at the same time to avoid collision damage.
We should pay attention to the reasonable nutrition of calcium, which is an essential element to maintain bone strength. Foods rich in calcium contribute to the balance of calcium metabolism and the deposition of bone minerals, and adequate protein contributes to the formation of bone matrix.
The amount of calcium in the diet of the elderly is often insufficient, which is related to factors such as reduced food intake, poor appetite and decreased digestive function. Therefore, attention should be paid to the intake of calcium-rich foods, such as milk and eggs, which can provide high-quality protein and are rich in calcium and phosphorus. Others include green vegetables, beans and bean products, fish and shrimp, marine plants and shellfish. The intake of various vitamins is also very important for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. In terms of diet, eat less salt and sugar and eat more foods with high calcium content. He also recommended several health care recipes, such as kelp and shrimp skin soup, milk porridge, kelp stewed ribs, Huangqi yam soup and so on.
Prevent the bones of the elderly from becoming fragile because of looseness, but as long as they are well protected, they will not break if they don't fall to the ground, just like glass. Therefore, preventing falls is an important measure to prevent fractures caused by osteoporosis.
How to prevent osteoporosis Pay attention to nutrition and increase nutrition, pay attention to the supplement of protein, vitamins (especially vitamin D) and calcium and phosphorus, improve the dietary structure, and eat more foods rich in calcium, such as milk, bone soup, bean products, fruits and fresh vegetables.
Quitting smoking, drinking alcohol and drinking alcohol will lead to osteoporosis, and excessive smoking will increase blood acidity and dissolve bones.
Pay attention to exercise, and often take appropriate physical exercise, such as walking, walking, Tai Ji Chuan, aerobics, jogging, jumping or jumping in place, swimming, etc. But not strenuous exercise. We should develop the good habit of moderate exercise every day from an early age and stick to it for a long time.
More sunshine, more outdoor activities and proper sunshine can increase the production of vitamin D, and pay attention to cold and warmth.
Do not abuse drugs. Some drugs have adverse effects on bone metabolism, so when using drugs, we should weigh the advantages and disadvantages, do not use drugs at will, do not abuse drugs, especially hormone drugs with caution.
Dietary health care methods should provide enough calcium. Often eat foods rich in calcium, such as ribs, crisp bones, shrimp skin, kelp, Nostoc flagelliforme, fungus, bottled oranges, walnuts and so on.
Adequate protein should be provided, including milk, eggs, fish, chicken, lean meat, beans and bean products.
Adequate vitamin D and C should be supplemented, because they play an important regulatory role in bone metabolism. You should eat more fresh vegetables, amaranth, wild vegetables, coriander and cabbage, and eat more fruits.