1, embryo reproduction. In this paper, Hainan improved coconut embryo culture test-tube seedlings were used as transplanting materials. The results show that the key to the survival of coconut embryo culture seedlings is the quality of embryo culture seedlings, and the survival rate of embryo culture seedlings with developed roots and strong growth is high. The survival rates of normal, few-rooted and polluted seedlings were 86.7%, 29.5% and 36.4% respectively.

The ideal transplanting substrate is peat, coconut bran and river sand = 2655438+01; The transplanting effect is the best in the culture room environment.

2. Management measures

Management should be strengthened after seedling protection and replanting, proper shading, watering and moisturizing should be done in the early stage after planting, and replanting should be done in time if plants are missing.

1 year for ploughing, ridging and intercropping twice, namely 1 time for combined fertilization in February and 1 time for intertillage in August-September. With the growth of plants, a large number of air roots grow on trunks and stems, which can be used to cultivate soil and strengthen trees.

Coconut orchards can intercrop short-term crops, such as peanuts and beans. It can cover life and improve the humidity in the garden, which is beneficial to the growth of young trees.

Coconut trees need fertilization, potassium fertilizer is the most, followed by nitrogen, phosphorus and chlorine fertilizers, but we must pay attention to balanced fertilization. When coconut trees lack potassium, their stems are thin and their leaves are short. The leaves in the middle of the crown withered first, the upper leaves clustered downwards, and the lower leaves withered and hung down from the trunk. Under the condition of nitrogen deficiency, young leaves lose their green and luster, old leaves age in different degrees and yield decreases. Phosphorus deficiency will lead to poor root development and excessive decay; Chlorine deficiency will affect the size of coconut, nitrogen absorption and water utilization of plants.

Therefore, when applying fertilizer, we should give priority to organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, and apply some salt. Fertilization can be carried out in April-May and June11~ June 65438+February every year, and the fertilization ditch is opened at the distance of 1.5 ~ 2 meters from the base of the tree, which has good effect. If the sowing method is used, weed and loosen the soil comprehensively before fertilization.

3, pest control

The common diseases of coconut trees are diarrhea, rhinoceros, reddish-brown weevil, brontispa longissima, red-veined ear borer and so on.

Diarrhea is a common disease of coconut trees, which harms the trunk. After the onset, the trunk splits longitudinally, and reddish-brown or rust-colored liquid flows out. Usually, the diseased tissue is removed and then coated with Bordeaux liquid coal tar. The symptom of two-spotted rhinoceros is that adults crawl into the top of coconut trees and feed on unopened heart leaves, which can lead to the death of the whole plant in severe cases.

Control method: When it happens, it is sprayed with Phoxim, Nale, dichlorvos, phoxim, phoxim, sulfur mixture and fenvalerate.

Red-veined ear borer is a kind of larva, which harms the flower spikes and young fruits of coconut trees and makes them blossom and bear fruit. There are 10 generations in a year. Female adults lay eggs on male flowers of coconut trees, and larvae feed on them after hatching. After that, most of the larvae fall with the male flowers. If they fall on the female flowers or young fruits, it is harmful to food. This insect mainly harms young fruits of coconut trees before and after flowering, and rarely harms them after flowering.

Control method: Spraying trichlorfon or pyrethrin before and after flowering.