1. Climate warming, melting glaciers and rising sea levels will lead to the loss of coastal wetlands, mangroves and coral reefs, coastal erosion due to global warming, seawater intrusion into coastal groundwater layers, coastal land salinization and other terrible consequences. , resulting in the imbalance of natural ecological environment in coastal areas, estuaries and bays, and bringing disasters to coastal ecological environment systems.

2. The water area has increased. Water evaporation is also more, the rainy season is prolonged, and floods are more frequent. The chances of being flooded increase, the degree and severity of being affected by heavy rain increase, and the life of reservoir dams is shortened.

The rising water temperature may melt the ice and snow in Antarctic Peninsula and Arctic Ocean. Polar bears and walruses will be extinct.

4. Many small islands will disappear without a trace;

Due to thermal inertia, the existing greenhouse gases will continue to affect our lives. "

6. Rising temperature will affect people's fertility, and sperm activity will decrease with rising temperature.

7. Changes in primitive ecosystems.

8. Used in production fields, such as agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries and other departments. ...

9 will be infected with infectious diseases such as malaria ... The climate will expand the epidemic through extreme weather and climate events (El Ni? o, drought, floods, heat waves, etc.), which will be harmful to human health. ...

Impact on climate

No one can say for sure how serious the harm caused by releasing more carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases into the atmosphere in the future will be. Scientists are estimating the harm caused by climate change. According to the current technical level, the formation and digestion mechanism of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can only be clarified in 2004, and how the greenhouse effect is produced can be clarified. Only in 2006 can the sea level rise caused by global warming be accurately predicted. However, it will not be until 2050 that we can really understand all this. Obviously, scientists and politicians will not wait for further results before taking preventive measures. The present observation and research results should be made public, so that people will not have to swallow the bitter fruit after 50 years.

The greenhouse effect has been working since the formation of the earth. If there is no greenhouse effect, the surface of the earth will be extremely cold, the temperature will drop to MINUS 20℃, the ocean will freeze and life will not form. Therefore, we are not faced with the problem of whether there is a greenhouse effect, but the problem that human beings emit a lot of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels, which leads to the greenhouse effect and the rapid change of the earth's climate.

What impact will the greenhouse effect have? Due to the burning of fossil fuels and the deforestation of a large number of forests, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the earth's atmosphere has increased. Due to the greenhouse effect of carbon dioxide and other gases, the global average ground temperature has increased by about 0.3-0.6℃ in the past 100 years, and it is expected to increase by 1-3℃ in 2030.

When the global average temperature rises 1℃, great changes will take place: sea level rises, glaciers in mountainous areas shrink, and the snow area shrinks. As the global temperature rises, it will lead to unbalanced precipitation, with precipitation increasing in some areas and decreasing in some areas. For example, in the Sahel region of West Africa, severe drought began at 1965; Since 1965, the precipitation in North China has decreased year after year. Compared with 1950s, the precipitation in North China decreased by 1/3, and the water resources decreased by 1/2. The drought-stricken area in China is about 400 million mu every year. In normal years, irrigation areas in China lack 30 billion cubic meters of water every year, and cities lack 6 billion cubic meters of water.

Due to the rising temperature, the global sea level has been rising at a rate of 1-2 mm per year in the past 100 years. It is predicted that the sea level will continue to rise by 30-50 cm by 2050, which will flood a large number of low-lying areas along the coast. In addition, due to climate change, climate disasters such as drought, flood and low temperature have intensified, resulting in global economic losses of more than tens of billions of dollars every year.

melting of glaciers

In recent years, due to the greenhouse gas emission and the greenhouse effect of the accelerated melting of Antarctic glaciers, it has been observed that alpine glaciers from Patagonia to Switzerland are melting. In South Asia, the question is not whether glaciers are melting, but how fast they are melting. Although many adverse effects of global warming may not become very serious before the end of 2 1 century, glacial meltwater in Nepal, India, Pakistan, China and Bhutan may soon bring people trouble.

A research report of the International Snow and Ice Commission (ICSI) pointed out: "The glaciers in the Himalayas are retreating faster than anywhere else in the world. If the current melting rate continues, these glaciers are likely to disappear before 2035. " Said Ha Bosco Wong, head of the International Snow and Ice Commission, said: "Even if the meltwater of glaciers dries up within 60 to 100 years, the scope of this ecological disaster will be shocking."

Glaciers in the eastern Himalayas in the Ganges River basin have melted the most, and those distributed on the "roof of the world" from Bhutan to Kashmir have retreated the fastest. Take the 3-mile-long barna Glacier as an example. This glacier is one of many glaciers formed by the collision between the Indian subcontinent and the Asian continent 40-50 million years ago. Starting from 1990, it retreated half a mile. After the severe sub-arctic winter in 1997, scientists had predicted that this glacier would expand, but it retreated further in the summer of 1998.

Disease is rampant

Paul Perstein of the Institute of New and Recurrent Diseases of Harvard University noticed that plants also moved with the snow line, and plants on mountain peaks all over the world were moving upwards. With the warming of mountain peaks, the higher altitude environment is more and more conducive to the survival of mosquitoes and microorganisms such as plasmodium.

Since 1987, tropical infectious diseases such as West Nile virus, malaria and yellow fever have broken out in Florida, Mississippi, Texas, Arizona, California and Colorado in the United States, which has repeatedly confirmed experts' scientific inference that some tropical diseases will spread to colder regions due to climate warming.

New ice age

Another study on global warming is even more surprising. As the Arctic ice sheet melts, rainfall increases and wind types change, a large amount of fresh water is flowing into the North Atlantic, thus destroying the Gulf Stream. It is these warm currents that bring warm surface water from the Caribbean to the northwest of Europe, making Europe a warm climate. Once the Mexican warm current is cut off due to global warming, the temperature in northwest Europe may drop by as much as 5-8℃, and Europe may face a new ice age!

The research was conducted by the Scottish Marine Laboratory in Aberdeen, which analyzed more than 65,438+07,000 salinity measurements from Orchid Islands to Faroe Islands waters since 65,438+0893. In the past 20 years, the salinity and concentration of deep seawater flowing to the south have become smaller and smaller, which indicates that more fresh water has flowed into the region from the North Atlantic. These new data fully prove the computer model designed by German scientists about three years ago for the first time.

The content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is rising sharply, and the world population will reach 654.38+000 billion before 2050. David Tillman of the University of Minnesota said: "Our world is moving towards replacing the existing free natural resources with man-made facilities. However, we haven't mastered the knowledge about natural ecosystems. In the Permian extinction 245 million years ago, 96% of species became extinct. Later, with the emergence of many new species, the earth finally recovered its rich population, but this process has gone through 100 million years. Wilson said: "Some people think that nature will revive everything that human beings have destroyed." As the saying goes, "As long as there is enough time, everything can happen." Maybe nature can really restore everything, but this long process is meaningless to modern human beings anyway.

Mark Twain once said that the most touching feature of the weather is its change. 1 After many centuries, we are still trying to predict the weather accurately, but we have little effect in controlling the climate. However, the damage to the environment is unprecedented.

1. Ecology

First of all, global warming leads to sea level rise and precipitation redistribution, which changes the current world climate pattern; Secondly, global warming affects and destroys the biological chain and food chain, bringing more serious natural consequences. For example, there is a migratory bird that flies from Australia to northeast China for the summer every year. However, due to global warming, the temperature in Northeast China is rising and the summer is prolonged, so the time for this bird to leave Northeast China is correspondingly warmer, and the time for returning to Northeast China is correspondingly delayed. As a result, a pest eaten by this migratory bird flooded and destroyed a large area of forest. In addition, extreme events related to the environment have increased, such as droughts and floods.

2. Politics

Limiting carbon dioxide emissions is equivalent to limiting energy consumption, which is bound to have a restrictive impact on all countries in the world. Whether developing countries reduce emissions or developed countries reduce emissions has become the focus of discussion among countries. The greenhouse gas emissions in developing countries are increasing, and the problem of "emission reduction" after 20 13 will inevitably focus on developing countries. The scientific problem of preventing global warming will inevitably lead to the problem of "North-South relations", thus making the climate issue an international political issue.

3. Climate

Global warming has increased precipitation in Chinese mainland, especially in the middle and high latitudes, and reduced precipitation in some areas such as Africa. Frequency and intensity of extreme weather and climate events (El Nino, drought, flood, thunderstorm, hail, storm, high temperature weather and sandstorm, etc.). ) has increased in some areas.

4. Ocean

With the increase of global temperature, the amount of water vapor evaporated in the ocean has greatly increased, which has aggravated the warming phenomenon. The reduction of the total heat capacity of the ocean can restrain global warming. In addition, because the ocean releases excessive carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, the real culprit is the plankton community in the ocean.

5. Crops

The impact of global warming on crop growth has both advantages and disadvantages. First, global temperature changes directly affect the global water cycle, causing droughts or floods in some areas, resulting in reduced crop production. Excessive temperature is not conducive to seed growth. Second, the increase of precipitation will actively promote crop growth, especially in arid areas. The increase of carbon dioxide content with global warming will also promote the photosynthesis of crops, thus increasing the yield.

6. Human health

(1) Global warming directly leads to superhigh temperature, heart disease and various respiratory diseases in some areas in summer, which kills many people every year, especially newborns and the elderly. (2) Global warming leads to the increase of ozone concentration. Ozone in the lower air is a very dangerous pollutant, which can destroy human lung tissue and cause asthma or other lung diseases. (3) Global warming will also cause the spread of some infectious diseases.

[Edit this paragraph] How to slow down global warming?

Global warming has changed the earth in many ways, and some changes themselves will also inhibit the global warming trend.

First, global warming makes some ice and snow on the earth melt, and the total amount of global liquid water increases. However, the specific heat of liquid giant aerial forest water is higher than that of ice and snow. The increased heat due to the greenhouse effect did not significantly increase the temperature of water, because the total amount of liquid water on the earth increased. Although the increased heat due to the greenhouse effect significantly increased the temperature of rocks and land on the earth, it did not significantly increase the temperature of the whole earth because of its heat exchange with liquid water on the earth, which offset the greenhouse effect to some extent and delayed the melting of ice and snow on the earth.

Secondly, the global warming makes the green plants on the earth grow vigorously, and their photosynthesis absorbs more carbon dioxide (the main part of greenhouse gases) than before the global warming, and fixes some greenhouse gases, which no longer prevents the heat on the earth from radiating outward, and also offsets the greenhouse effect to some extent.

Global warming increases the total amount of liquid water on the earth, and green plants absorb more greenhouse gases, thus delaying the trend of global warming and helping to achieve balance. Of course, with the easing of the global warming trend, the increment of liquid water and main greenhouse gases absorbed on the earth is getting smaller and smaller. If the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide is not reduced, the earth will heat up again, causing a new round of total liquid water increase and the growth peak of green plants on the earth, thus delaying the global warming trend again. Therefore, without reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, the above balance will be alternately formed and broken, making the earth's temperature fluctuate more than before, rather than increasing monotonously; If we reduce or fix the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, we can calm the fluctuation of the earth's temperature.

Scientists put forward a bold idea to build an artificial space ring around the earth, consisting of small particles or spaceships, to shield tropical sunlight and regulate the temperature of the earth.

However, some opponents believe that this idea will definitely have some side effects. A particle belt that can effectively scatter sunlight will make every night sky as bright as a full moon. And the budget of this project will be staggering, possibly reaching 6 trillion to 200 trillion dollars. Even NASA, the most well-funded scientific research institution in the world, cannot afford it. If the bulk particles are replaced by spacecraft, the budget may be less, and it is estimated that it can be reduced to about 500 billion US dollars.

Since the birth of the earth, the atmospheric temperature has fluctuated several times, and various factors such as solar radiation, cloud cover and greenhouse gases have affected or are affecting our climate. If you put a particle belt or spacecraft around the earth, a shadow will appear over the equator. In order to deploy these particles, you must use some special control spacecraft to look after the particle swarm like a sheepdog.

In the past century, the temperature of the earth has obviously increased, and this trend will continue in the next hundred years. Many studies have confirmed that in the next few centuries, the earth's temperature will rise by 1 to 20 degrees Fahrenheit, the sea level will rise obviously, and some coastal cities will cease to exist. Some scientists have pointed out that reducing sunlight will reduce the temperature of the earth, and some ground or space systems can completely achieve this goal. However, some scientists pointed out that it is still impossible to calculate how much sunlight the earth can absorb and how much sunlight is reflected back into space, which is a key step in implementing the above plan.

Research by American scientists shows that the activities of ancient farmers prevented the world from entering a new ice age. This result shows that global warming caused by human activities is not a new phenomenon, and it may have lasted for thousands of years. The British "Observer" recently quoted researchers as saying that prehistoric farmers who cut down trees and reclaimed the first field changed the content of greenhouse gases such as methane and carbon dioxide in the earth's atmosphere, and the global temperature gradually increased. Qian Wei Rudiman, a professor at the University of Virginia in the United States, said: "If it were not for the greenhouse gases brought by early agricultural activities, the current temperature of the earth would probably be the temperature of the Ice Age." Studies show that without human intervention, the earth will be 2℃ lower than it is now, and the spreading ice sheets and glaciers will affect many parts of the world. Some gases emitted by human beings, such as carbon dioxide, methane and chlorofluorocarbons, have the function of absorbing infrared radiation. These gases are called "greenhouse gases". They are rich in the atmosphere, just like a cover, which blocks the heat emitted from the ground. Like a "greenhouse", it causes the surface temperature to rise. Scientists call this phenomenon "the greenhouse effect". There is a saying that the greenhouse effect is the main cause of global warming. This is put forward by scientists after investigating the correlation between the increase of carbon dioxide emissions and the rise of temperature in the past 100 years. It is believed that controlling greenhouse gas emissions may control global warming and prevent disasters such as ecological balance destruction, agricultural variation and glacier melting. Of course, according to modern environmental science research, the correlation between greenhouse effect and global warming is still being further explored. However, people do feel the abnormality of global warming. In this regard, scientists suggest that controlling greenhouse gas emissions may be a preventive measure.

There are two reasons for global warming: burning coal and natural gas produces a lot of greenhouse gases; The wanton felling of virgin forests reduces the ability to absorb carbon dioxide. The system of the atmosphere and the earth's surface is like a huge "glass greenhouse", which keeps the earth's surface at a certain temperature all the time and creates an environment suitable for human beings and other living things. In this system, the atmosphere can not only let the solar radiation penetrate to the ground, but also prevent the ground radiation loss. We call this protective effect of the atmosphere on the ground the greenhouse effect of the atmosphere. The gas that causes the greenhouse effect is called "greenhouse gas", which allows the short-wave radiation of the sun to pass freely and absorbs the long-wave radiation emitted by the surface. These gases include carbon dioxide, methane, chlorofluorocarbons, ozone, nitrogen oxides and water vapor, of which carbon dioxide is the most important. In the past century, the global climate has gradually warmed, and the content of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has also increased sharply. Many scientists believe that the massive emission of greenhouse gases leads to the intensification of the greenhouse effect, which may be the root cause of global warming.

Human activities that emit greenhouse gases include: all fossil energy combustion activities emit carbon dioxide. Among fossil energy sources, coal has the highest carbon content, followed by oil and natural gas. Gas and natural gas leak during the exploitation of fossil energy, releasing carbon dioxide and methane; Industrial production processes such as cement, lime and chemical industry emit carbon dioxide; Methane is emitted by ruminants such as rice fields, cattle and sheep during digestion; Land use change reduces the absorption of carbon dioxide; Garbage releases methane and nitrous oxide. Humans burn coal, oil, natural gas and trees, and a large amount of carbon dioxide and methane enter the atmosphere, which warms the earth, makes the carbon cycle unbalanced and changes the energy conversion form of the earth's biosphere. Since the industrial revolution, the content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased by 25%, far exceeding all the historical records of the past 654.38+600,000 years that scientists may have investigated, and there is no sign of slowing down at present.

The main reason for global warming is that human beings have used a lot of fossil fuels (such as coal and oil) and released a lot of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide in the past century. Because these greenhouse gases have high permeability to short-wave radiation from the sun and high absorption to long-wave radiation reflected by the earth, they also include invisible electromagnetic pollution, which is often called "greenhouse effect" and leads to global warming.

Forests in the world are mainly divided into three categories: frigid (northern) forests, temperate forests and tropical forests. According to experts, today's forest ecosystem is gradually formed after 8000 years of evolution of nature. Nowadays, all virgin forests have become the targets of large-scale development and utilization of logging industry. In the tropics, many forests that have disappeared now have been cut down in the past 50 years. From 1960 to 1990 alone, more than 450 million hectares of tropical forests were swallowed, accounting for 20% of the total tropical forest area in the world; Millions of hectares of tropical forests have been degraded by logging, farmland reclamation and mineral exploitation.

In addition, illegal logging and illegal trade in wood products continue to intensify all over the world, especially in developing countries with tropical forests and countries with poor government enforcement, such as Russia. This situation is further aggravated by the demand for cheap wood products in the international market.

According to the climate model, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicts that by 2 100, the global temperature will rise by about1.4 ~ 5.8℃ (2.5 ~10.4 Fahrenheit). According to this forecast, in the past 65,438+00,000 years, the global temperature will change dramatically, which will have a potentially significant impact on the global environment.

We appeal to you to save every drop of water to protect our common home.

In order to protect our common home, please plant more trees to slow down desertification.

In order to protect our common home, please don't use convenient bags any more.

In order to protect our common home, please don't throw waste batteries at will.

In order to protect our common home, please reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

In order to protect our common home, please take good care of flowers and trees.

In order to protect our common home, please actively publicize and protect the environment.

In order to protect our common home, please protect our common home.

I remember Miss Longfius, a famous book by barbara cuny, an internationally renowned graphic writer. The little girl in the story told her grandfather that when I grew up, I would travel far away, and then I would live by the sea. Her grandfather said that all these are good ... but you still have to do one thing: make the world a better place. As a result, when the little girl grew up, she chose to plant beautiful purple-blue flat bean flowers on the beach to beautify the earth. "Who says you can't change the world? Who says you can't change the world? What about you? Especially on the anniversary of International Earth Day on April 22nd, how to choose actions?

When eating:

1.On April 22nd, Earth Day is a vegetarian day. Animal husbandry consumes a lot of grains and beans, as well as a lot of precious water; In order to herd cattle and raise pigs, the virgin forest was sacrificed and the greenhouse effect was produced.

Second, eat less (cook at home, eat out in moderation, and pack up and go home if you can't finish eating)

Third, fast for one day (experience the taste of environmental protection in the body)

4. Refuse to use styrofoam, and ask cafeterias or coffee shops to use paper cups (styrofoam is a carcinogen, and it also destroys the ozone layer that protects the earth. Styrofoam cups and buffet plates for drinking coffee are still rubbish after hundreds of years and continue to pollute the environment.

5. Refuse to buy alpine tea and high-cold vegetables (alpine tea and high-cold vegetables make forests disappear in Taiwan Province Province, destroy soil and water conservation in mountainous areas, fail to play the role of water storage, use a large number of pesticides and fertilizers, and pollute water sources and reservoir ecology).

◎ clothes:

1. Know the source of fabric: 1. Only natural materials such as natural cotton and hemp (organic) can be recycled. 2. Buy and maintain clothes according to the washing label to prolong the life of clothes.

Second, the demand is determined by four factors: the amount of laundry, the capacity of the home, lifestyle and economic situation. Try to control it as well as possible, and don't overdo it.

Third, the old clothes are newly worn:

1. self-cognition: consideration of body shape, skin color and lifestyle.

2. Find out the key points of fashion: such as length and color. Generally, simple and good cutting (three-dimensional cutting) can best express the interactive relationship between people and materials.

3. Accessories, such as scarves, pins, belts, etc., are small, diverse, effective and easy to collect. A small amount of clothes is a reliable accessory that highlights the artistic effect of dressing.

◎ Live:

First, use more second-hand furniture (whether buying a house or renting a house, using more second-hand furniture can not only recycle and save resources, but also help each other and enhance interpersonal friendship if flea markets for regular second-hand goods exchange can be held in offices, communities and the Internet).

Second, use planting greening to do home decoration (don't do excessive decoration at home, be simple and natural. Home decoration does not necessarily need artificial materials, it is best to use ecological natural materials. Potted plants of all kinds of flowers and plants, try to use native tree species, leave more natural soil in the courtyard at home, and use less cement or hard pavement).

Please use utensils to hold water, wash fruits and vegetables, wash dishes, brush your teeth and wash your face, so as to save precious water resources (China is the 18 water-deficient country in the world. At present, South Taiwan Province Province has fallen into severe drought, but our current water demand has reached the standard of 100. At present, the propaganda policy of water saving in France is to take a bath once a week. If our water consumption continues to deteriorate, we will face the same situation.

Fourth, the power supply and air conditioning in the room are used centrally (try to turn on the air conditioning in one room as little as possible, and try to concentrate on office when there are few people, so as to reduce the amount of air conditioning and electric lights).

◎ Line:

First, take the stairs instead of taking the elevator (people who live in the building, whether in the office or at home, might as well take the stairs instead of taking the elevator if they are not in a hurry, which will save energy and exercise).

Second, go out and walk more, ride a bike, use the public transport system, drive less and ride a motorcycle.

◎ Other:

1. If you keep a pet, please refuse to buy a cat and dog pest control ring (when you discard the cat and dog pest control ring, its pesticide composition is very destructive to the earth and will cause serious harm to the animal's body).

2. Refuse to buy products that use animals for experiments (a large number of cruel and unnecessary animal experiment plans not only waste taxpayers' taxes, but also cause natural genetic problems, which do not help and improve the ecological environment and major health problems in Taiwan Province Province.

Refuse to ride or use balloons (balloons are difficult to decompose chemicals and cause serious pollution to the earth. In addition, when the balloon floats away, it may lead to the death of wild animals (eagles, whales or turtles, etc.). ). (Note: Since June 1 2008, China has implemented the system of paid use of plastic shopping bags in all supermarkets, shopping malls, bazaars and other retail places to encourage consumers to carry cloth belts and shopping baskets again and reduce the use of plastic bags. )

Please protect the environment and don't destroy nature.