Dietary principles after bone marrow transplantation
1. Pay attention to food hygiene and wash fruits and vegetables after bone marrow transplantation. Food should be fresh, and bad food should not be eaten to avoid digestive tract infection. Before pretreatment, you should eat a diet high in protein and vitamins.
2, eating light, less residue, easy to digest and less irritating food, should avoid greasy, rough, prickly, spicy food, so as not to damage the oral cavity and digestive tract mucosa. If you feel sick during chemotherapy, you can eat a small amount, but you must not eat it.
3, pay attention to eat less and eat more meals. If there are oral chemotherapy drugs, the meal time should be at least 2 hours apart from the medication time. You can eat some auxiliary foods that are not easy to cause nausea between meals, and you should chew slowly to avoid damaging the mucosa in front of your mouth. Rinse your mouth with disinfectant after eating.
4. Eat more foods rich in iron, including animal foods such as liver, kidney, tongue, duck gizzard, squid, jellyfish, shrimp skin and egg yolk, as well as sesame, kelp, black fungus, laver, Nostoc flagelliforme, mushroom, soybean, black bean, yuba, red fermented bean curd, celery, shepherd's purse, jujube and so on. Advocate the use of iron pots.
5. The diet should include foods rich in vitamins, especially B vitamins and vitamin C, which have a good effect on the prevention and treatment of anemia.
Matters needing attention after bone marrow transplantation
1, closely observe the changes of the disease, and pay attention to whether there are symptoms of fever, infection, bleeding or graft-versus-host disease.
2, observe the urine volume, urine color, urine pH, stool frequency, quantity, color properties, and assist in inspection, culture, etc.
3, nutritional care to give a high-protein, high-calorie, high-vitamin diet, adjust programs, encourage more eating and drinking, and keep the stool unobstructed. Provide parenteral nutrition when necessary.
4, strict aseptic operation and aseptic nursing.
5, strictly implement the provisions of the clean room, maintain a sterile environment.
6, completes the component blood transfusion nursing.
Leukemia treatable by bone marrow transplantation
1, acute leukemia
The advantages of bone marrow transplantation over ordinary chemotherapy have been fully reflected in acute leukemia, and this therapy can significantly improve the disease-free survival rate of patients with acute leukemia. According to the analysis of a large number of cases by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and IBMTR, the 3-year disease-free survival rate of AML can reach about 50% after receiving ALLo-BMT for the first time. The 3-year disease-free survival rate of patients undergoing chemotherapy at the same time is only 18-27%.
2. Malignant lymphoma
First consider autologous bone marrow transplantation.
3. Chronic myeloid leukemia
Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is the only way to cure chronic myeloid leukemia. The five-year disease-free survival rate of patients with chronic CML after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation can reach 60-90%. Even in the same chronic phase, the BMT effect within 17 months after diagnosis is better than that within 17 months after diagnosis. The younger the patient is, the better the curative effect is, and the curative effect of taking hydroxyurea before transplantation is better than taking busulfan. Domestic statistical results show that the long-term disease-free survival rate of patients with chronic CML after receiving sibling allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with the same HLA matching is 80%, and the allogeneic efficacy of patients with accelerated or acute CML is not as good as that of patients with chronic CML.
4. Multiple myeloma
Yitong 5 1.com reminds that people used to think that MM patients were not suitable for BMT. With the development of supportive treatment and the emergence of young patients, the number of successful cases of MM BMT has gradually increased. According to the data of IBMTR, European Bone Marrow Transplantation Office and Ferd Hutchsin Cancer Research Center, about 150MM patients in the world received bone marrow transplantation, and the disease-free survival rate of those who received BMT in the first remission period reached 69%.
5. Myelodysplastic Syndrome
BMT treatment of MDS can make the 3-year disease-free survival rate of patients close to 50%, and a considerable part of them can be cured, especially for young patients who received BMT in the early stage.
6. Severe aplastic anemia
This is the disease that receives the most BMT among non-tumor diseases. If the patient did not receive blood transfusion and BMT, the long-term survival rate could reach 80%.
7. Others: hereditary immunodeficiency disease, thalassemia, etc.
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