Chengdu is located in the middle reaches of Minjiang River in the west of Sichuan Basin, with plains, hills and mountains accounting for almost half. Chengdu, located in the eastern part of Chengdu Plain, has been irrigated by Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project since ancient times, so it has become a "land of plenty". Chengdu is an important birthplace of ancient Shu culture, and founded the first court school in China history-Shishi School (now Shishi Middle School). The Tang and Song Dynasties were a period of economic development and cultural prosperity. Li Bai, Du Fu, Li Shangyin and other famous poets lived in Chengdu and created a lot of poems and songs praising the scenery of Chengdu, leaving many cultural relics and historical sites. The most interesting places in Chengdu, the most attractive historical and cultural attractions: Du Fu Caotang, Wuhou Temple, Qingcheng Mountain, Dujiangyan, Qingyang Palace and Wenshuyuan; The most attractive teahouses/cafes: Shunxing Old Teahouse, Shaanxi Club Teahouse, Liangmuyuan and Sanyitang; The most attractive natural scenic spots: Xiling Snow Mountain National Scenic Spot, Tiantai Mountain National Key Scenic Spot and Shixiang Lake Ecological Scenic Spot; The most attractive characteristic blocks: Chunxi Road, Qintai Road, Luodai Town Old Street, Qionglai Wen Jun Ancient Street, Shuangliu Hong Min Food City, Dujiangyan Binhe Road Characteristic Block; The most attractive shopping places: Chengdu Gome, Chengdu Suning, Chengdu Ito Yanghuatang, Bai Yongle and Chengdu Taibai Xichun New Hall; The most attractive fitness places: Sichuan International Golf Club, Longquan Sunshine Sports City, Champion Night, Chengdu Chess Academy, Haosha Jianmei Fitness Club, Chengdu Wuhou District Cultural and Sports Activity Center, Jindu Orrit and 6250 Club; The most attractive leisure places: Chengdu Camp David International Club, Chengdu Besson Leisure Sports Square, Blue Ocean Tian Yun, Chengdu Leisure House Foot Bath, Chengdu Hongqiao Health Care and Herijun Hot Spring Spa. The most attractive resorts/farmhouses: Hexiang Mountain Villa in Qingcheng Mountain, South Lawn, Jiufeng Mountain Villa, Yinrongyuan Ecological Leisure Center, Qingcheng Mountain Wuli Longevity Resort, Yucan; The most attractive entertainment places: One-way Street Club, Tianlai Village KTV, Dujiangyan Summer Night Beer Festival drinking area, Lotus Pond Garden; The most trustworthy travel agencies: Sichuan China Youth Travel Service, Sichuan Kang Hui International Travel Service Co., Ltd. and Chengdu China Travel Service Co., Ltd.; The listed units have said that through this selection activity, Chengdu's entertainment and leisure culture, tourism resources and urban appearance have been fully displayed. Wenshufang. When foreigners come, they usually go to Chunxi Road's dumplings, hot and sour tofu, Lai Tangyuan, Ye Er Dam, Paoba, sweet water surface, husband and wife's lung slices, dragon wonton soup, pearl meatballs, pork intestines powder, boiled pork slices, ice powder, cold noodles with shredded chicken, cold skewers, tofu brain, Korean steamed buns, and so on. Roasted glass, pot kui, baked egg cake and fried lobster wonton soup No.68, south section of Chunxi Road 86676345 No.5, Lime Street, Chengdu Tangyuan 87764 12 No.7, North Street, Chengdu Tangyuan 869 1488 1 No.27, Zongfu Street, Chengdu Tangyuan 86629034, Babao Street Song Yue style snack bar. 63 Comprehensive Snacks No.365438 +08-320 Renmin North Road No.2 8664 179 1 Chengdu Snack Bar No.65438 +07 Shi Yang Street 8664138 Chengdu Snack City 134 Shangdong Street 8667200. Kloc-0/ Hanbaochan Commercial Store 1 No.86780784 Chengdu Restaurant 134 No.8666085 Shangdong Street No.53-59 Huaxing Street, Meixian County No.86625892 Panpan Huaxing Street No.62-63, Dandan Noodles, Chengdu. 4 134 Four or five thousand years ago, ancient Shu ancestors gradually migrated from the western Sichuan Plateau along the Minjiang River Valley to the Chengdu Plain. They worked hard on this fertile land and created a splendid "Shu culture". Three or four thousand years ago, which was equivalent to the early Xia Dynasty, a highly developed Sanxingdui civilization had formed in Chengdu Plain, which was a peak of the development of ancient Shu culture and an important source of Chinese national culture. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, some nomadic tribes began to migrate from Gaofu hills around Chengdu Plain to Pingyuan Water Depression. At the end of the Zhou Dynasty, Shu Wangmingkai IX moved the capital from Pixian to Chengdu, where he lived for one year, the city for two years and Chengdu for three years, hence the name "Chengdu". The site of "Gan Lan" house, the site of boat coffins, the site of Tutai Jinsha in Yang Zishan and the 12th Bridge in Chengdu prove that the activity center of ancient Shu people is in Chengdu. In 3 16 BC, King Huiwen of Qin sent Zhang Yi and Sima Cuo to destroy Bashu, changed Shu to Shu County, and established Chengdu County (the county is located in Chili Street) as Shu County. In 3 1 1 BC, the king of Qin accepted Zhang Yi's suggestion and ordered Shu Shou Zhang Ruo to build the capital city according to the pattern of Xianyang, with a circumference of 12 Li and a height of 70 feet. The urban area is small, divided into two parts: east and west. The east is a "big city", which is under the jurisdiction of the county and is the regional and political center of Shu County. The west is a "small city" and is under the jurisdiction of the county. It is a commercial and residential area with prosperous commerce and an economic center. Therefore, Chengdu is also called "less city". A big city and several cities are one city. The ancients called it "layered city" or "heavy city". This pattern has been passed down for more than two thousand years and has become an ancient urban pattern in China. In the following two thousand years, the name of Chengdu has never changed, and its ruins have not moved, which is unique in the history of China. At the same time, the advanced culture and iron smelting technology in the Central Plains have also been introduced. When Qin Xiaowen was king, Shu defended Li Bing and built Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project. Huayang National Records describes: "Irrigation of three counties and rice fields, therefore, Sichuan is a thousand miles away, and the number is land and sea, drought is water seepage, rain is water gate, and both floods and droughts are from people, and I don't know hunger. After Qin unified the six countries, the world was divided into thirty-six counties, and Chengdu belonged to Shu County, which governed twelve counties. The Han dynasty inherited the Qin system, and Chengdu was still ruled by Shu County. In the fifth year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (BC 106), Yizhou was established with Bashu area as the center, and Chengdu became the seat of Yizhou secretariat. In the following two thousand years, Chengdu has always been the political, economic, military and cultural center of southwest China, and this position has never changed. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, it was transformed into a metropolis and a small town in the south was built on the basis of the original town. In contrast, Shuwangcheng is called a small town in the north. Together with Jinguan City, the three cities are connected into a big city, which is called "New City". During the Western Han Dynasty, the silk industry in Chengdu was unprecedentedly prosperous, and Jin officials were set up. Their office was later called Jinguancheng, which was the beginning of the name of Chengdu. During the reign of Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty, Wen Weng, the prefect of Shu County, opened a school in Shishi, Chengdu, which was the first local public school in China. Since then, a number of writers and scholars with national influence have emerged. Sima Xiangru, Yang Xiong and Wang Bo represented the highest achievements of Han Fu, while the book Laozi, which was strictly respected, laid the theoretical foundation of Taoism, and the astronomical achievements of Luoxiahong represented the highest level at that time. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the population of Chengdu has increased to 76,000, making it the second largest city in China after Chang 'an, known as "Yang Yier". Wang Mang usurped power, Yizhou was renamed Yongbu, and the Shu army was diverted to Jiang County. Gongsun Shu proclaimed himself emperor according to Shu, with its capital in Chengdu (AD 25-36), and administered fifteen counties. When the Three Kingdoms split, Liu Bei unified Bashu with Chengdu as its capital, and Liu Bei was located in Shan Zhinan, wudan. With Qinglong Street as the center, a large-scale urban construction was carried out through Jiuli District 3 of the urban area, and the outline of this area continued until before liberation. During the Three Kingdoms period, Chengdu was an Yizhou county system, which governed seven counties. In the early Western Jin Dynasty (AD 265~3 16), the whole country was divided into 19 Kyushu, Chengdu was still Yizhou, and the state was still in Chengdu. In 304 AD, the leaders of Qin and Yong refugees who took refuge in Shu established Dacheng regime in Chengdu, governing six counties. In 347 AD, Huan Wen, the general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, destroyed Dacheng regime and ordered the demolition of Chengdu Shaocheng. From 582 to 592 AD, Yang Xiu, King of Sui and Shu, expanded southwest along the old city and rebuilt it into a capital with a circumference of 40 miles. This time, the city was built by borrowing soil, and it became the Maha Pool (now the People's South Road Exhibition Hall). Later, it was the palace of Shu around the Five Dynasties. Chengdu in Sui Dynasty belonged to Yizhou Shu County, which governed thirteen counties. In the Tang Dynasty (AD 6 18~907), Chengdu was successively designated as a state, county and government. In the meantime, in order to facilitate management, the densely populated eastern part of Chengdu was once classified as Shu County. Tang Xuanzong avoided the "Anshi Rebellion" and came to Chengdu. Shu County was renamed Huayang County, and Chengdu was renamed "Nanjing", which became a refuge for the people of the Central Plains and promoted economic and cultural prosperity. At that time, there was a saying that "Yang 112" was a world city, with Yangzhou first and Chengdu second. The poet Li Bai praised in Song of Westward Journey to Nanjing: "On the 9th, 10% will be opened, and ten thousand households will enter the painting. The grass and trees are like splendid clouds, and Qinchuan can't be here. " In 879 AD, Tang Jian built a "Luocheng" in southwest Sichuan to strengthen defense. This is the first time that Chengdu has switched to masonry construction. There are 120 big communities in this city. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Wang Jian and Wang Yan of the former Shu, and Meng Zhixiang and Meng Chang of the latter Shu divided their forces in Chengdu, which lasted for 60 years and was destroyed by the Northern Song Dynasty. In the meantime, in 927 AD, Meng Zhixiang, a city in the post-Shu Dynasty, was outside Los Angeles, and "120,000 people were ordered to build the capital", with a circumference of 42 miles. His son Meng Changjun ordered people to plant hibiscus trees all over the city wall. In autumn, forty miles of flowers bloom like brocade, beautiful and moving. It is called Furong City, which is why Chengdu is called "Rongcheng" for short. In the Song Dynasty (960~ 1279), the world was divided into fifteen roads, and Sichuan was divided into Yizhou Road, Zizhou Road, Lizhou Road and Kuizhou Road, which was called Xia Chuan Road 4 for short. Yizhou Daozhi Institute has been in Chengdu. Chengdu is still called Chengdu, which governs Chengdu and Huayang counties. After Li Shun invaded Chengdu, the "Da Shu" regime was established. After the defeat, Chengdu Prefecture was reduced to Yizhou. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Chengdu's paper industry and printing industry were in a leading position in the country. In the Northern Song Dynasty, wealthy businessmen replaced heavy coins with paper-printed "jiaozi" and became the earliest paper money in the world. With the continuous development of commerce, Chengdu produced a free market in the Song Dynasty. The Tang and Song Dynasties were also the peak of Chengdu's literary and artistic development. Li Bai, Du Fu, Lu You, Gao Shi, Cen Can, Bai Juyi, Yuan Zhen, Xue Tao, Liu Yuxi, Zhang Ji, Du Mu, Li Shangyin and Wei Zhuang all left a large number of masterpieces in Chengdu. Music, singing and dancing, drama and painting have all become very prosperous, and they are known as "Sichuan Opera is the best in the world". The murals of Daci Temple in Chengdu are known as "the best in the world". Sichuan Province was established in Chongqing in the early years of Yuan Dynasty, and soon moved to Chengdu. Since then, Chengdu has been the highest military and political chief in Sichuan Province. At that time, Sichuan was in charge of No.9 Road, and Chengdu was at the end of the road. From Kublai Khan to the 16th year of Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1279), Sichuan was divided into four roads, and Chengdu was designated as the western Sichuan Road, but Chengdu was still the political and cultural center at that time. In the Ming Dynasty, Sichuan Chief Secretary was set up, with eight prefectures and Chengdu as the capital, and two prefectures and thirteen counties. Chun Zhu, the 11th son of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of Ming Dynasty, was named King of Shu, and the palace was built in Chengdu. Zhu Yuanzhang twice ordered generals Li Wenzhong and Aquamarine to build the capital with mud, and later ordered Zhao Qing to rebuild most of the walls of Chengdu with bricks and stones. In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (A.D. 1644), Zhang led the army into Chengdu and renamed it Daxi, and Chengdu was also renamed Xijing. Shu's palace used to be Zhang's palace. Subsequently, the Qing army invaded Sichuan and fought with the Daxiliang army in Zhang. In the third year of Qing Shunzhi (1646), the whole city of Chengdu was burned in the war. In five or six years, a prosperous and famous city was cut off and became a place where elk crisscrossed and tigers and leopards appeared. From the early years of Kangxi, a large number of immigrants entered Sichuan, and the economy known as "Huguang filling Sichuan" began to pick up, and Chengdu gradually recovered. After two reconstructions and expansions during the reign of Kangxi and Qianlong, a magnificent Chengdu new city stands on the ruins of the old city surrounded by two rivers. However, after the Opium War, with the opening of Chongqing's gate and the opening of Chuanjiang shipping, Chengdu's position in Sichuan and Southwest China was gradually replaced by Chongqing. 19 1 1 The Sichuan Road Protection Movement and Armed Uprising, which originated in Chengdu, were the forerunner of the Revolution of 1911 and made great contributions to the success of the Wuchang Uprising. In the early years of the Republic of China, orthodoxy was abolished, and then the government was abolished. Chengdu is still the seat of Sichuan Province. 1928 Chengdu was formally established. At that time, the Chengdu Municipal Government was established, and Chengdu and Huayang County were merged into Chengdu, and Chengdu and Huayang County only governed the countryside. This great change has changed the pattern of two counties and one city for more than 1000 years, which is the beginning of Chengdu's modernization. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Sichuan became the rear area of the Anti-Japanese War, and the people of Chengdu made great contributions to the national liberation war. During the whole war, the total number of soldiers who participated in the war and supplemented in Sichuan reached 3.4 million, and more than 640,000 people were killed or injured, accounting for about 20% of the total number of casualties in the country. Many of these martyrs who died for their country are children of Chengdu people. During the War of Liberation, the people of Chengdu, on the one hand, launched a democratic movement against civil war, hunger and persecution, on the other hand, launched an armed struggle in the countryside. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Chengdu was a municipality directly under the Central Government of Sichuan Province from 65438 to 0949. 1950, Chengdu is the city under the jurisdiction of the western Sichuan administrative office and the resident of the western Sichuan administrative office. 1952, Chengdu was directly under the jurisdiction of Sichuan province, became the residence of the people's government of Sichuan province, and was listed as one of the national key construction cities. 1February, 1989, with the approval of the State Council, Chengdu's economic and social development plan was listed as a national plan, enjoying provincial economic management authority, and became one of the cities listed in the national 14 plan. 1983 In May, the State Council decided to merge Wenjiang area (except Guanghan and Shifang counties) into Chengdu and implement the system of city governing counties. 1990, the adjustment of zoning and the withdrawal of counties and districts were implemented one after another. The present area of Chengdu is 12390.6 square kilometers. At the beginning of 2007, the registered population in Chengdu was 1 1.03 million. It has jurisdiction over 9 districts (Jinjiang, Qingyang, Jinniu, Wuhou, Chenghua, Longquanyi, Qingbaijiang, Xindu and Wenjiang), 6 counties (Jintang, Shuangliu, Pixian, Dayi, Pujiang and Xinjin) and 4 cities (Dujiangyan, Pengzhou, Qionglai and Chongzhou).