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6. Why is the tension produced by centrifugal contraction greater than that produced by centripetal contraction at the maximum force contraction?
The tension produced during the maximum muscle contraction depends on the type and speed of muscle contraction. For the same muscle, centrifugal contraction can produce the maximum tension at the same contraction speed. The force produced by centrifugal contraction is about 50% greater than that of centripetal contraction and about 25% greater than that of isometric contraction. It is generally believed that there are two reasons: first, stretching reflex, when the muscles are strongly stretched during centrifugal contraction, will reflexively cause the muscles to contract strongly. Secondly, during centrifugal contraction, the elastic components in the muscle are stretched to produce resistance, and the contractible components in the muscle also produce maximum resistance. However, during centripetal contraction, only the contraction component muscle fibers produce muscle tension to overcome the resistance during contraction. When a muscle contracts centripetally, part of the tension must stretch the elastic components in the muscle before acting on the load. Once the elastic components in the muscle are fully elongated, the tension generated by muscle contraction will act on the external load. Therefore, part of the tension generated by muscle contraction is used to overcome the elastic resistance, so that the actual tension is less than that generated by actual muscle contraction.