(2) Understand the principle of gradualism.
(3) Understand the principle of repetition.
(4) Understand the principle of comprehensiveness.
(5) Understand the principle of consciousness.
(6) Understand the principle of individuality.
The principle of scientific physical exercise refers to the law that scientific physical exercise must follow.
Exercise is to improve health, develop the body in an all-round way and enhance physical fitness. The essence of scientific physical exercise principle is to effectively develop the body and enhance people's physique. Without this, there is no principle. Accordingly, the principle of scientific physical exercise is gradual, repetitive, comprehensive, conscious and individual.
Progressive principle: progress means progress, development and improvement, not staying at the same level. It is a gradual, continuous and sequential change, not a sudden or drastic change. The principle of gradual progress is a process rule of exercising by various means according to the law of strengthening physical fitness. In the process of scientific physical exercise, the most essential thing is the problem of exercise load. Gradually, instead of increasing the load every day on average, the exercise load is increased in a planned way according to the adaptability of the human body to exercise and the requirements of excessive load. A certain exercise load can only cause the body to adapt after a certain number of times and time, and then gradually increase the exercise load, so that the body can adapt to a new level, and finally achieve the purpose of enhancing physical fitness. Progressive principle is an exercise method to adjust the exercise load in stages according to this adaptive change.
Repeatability principle: Repetition is repetition over and over again. The principle of repetition refers to the process of exercising through various means, which has the characteristics of repetition. Experience tells us that in physical exercise, only practicing a few times has little effect on people. Practice to a certain extent can have a good effect on the body, and repeated times will also bring side effects to the human body. Therefore, repetition is a regular and limited repetition, which is another law of exercise. What are the requirements for repeating reading? The first is the combination of exercise and intermission, which requires both full exercise and proper rest. This does not mean that you must have a full rest after an exercise, but you can give more full continuous rest when you have not had a full rest after a few days of exercise. Secondly, physical exercise should be carried out continuously every week, month, year and year. In middle school, you should take part in physical exercise every day. Never fish for three days and dry the net for two days.
Principle of comprehensiveness: the human body is a whole. If you want to strengthen your physique, you must exercise and develop all the parts that make up the human body. Specifically, it is to develop the functions of various parts of the body (such as head and neck, trunk and limbs) and various organ systems (such as cardiovascular system, lung, nerve and gastrointestinal system). ), various physical qualities and various basic activities of the human body. Some people think that comprehensiveness only refers to the activities of large muscle groups, which is a one-sided view. The strength of physical fitness is related to the development of relevant parts of the human body, that is, a small part of life will not be endangered, but it will also bring adverse effects to the whole. For example, bad teeth are not life-threatening, but they will have a negative impact on health, so the ancients had a fitness method of "ironing their faces and buckling their teeth". Teenagers are in a period of rapid development, so they need to pay more attention to comprehensive physical exercise, and they can't give up the principle of comprehensiveness just because they are interested in an activity.
Self-conscious principle: Self-conscious principle refers to exercising consciously from the perspective of strengthening physical fitness, rather than exercising blindly or aimlessly. Except for the self-discipline and reflex activities of organisms, all random activities of human beings are accompanied by certain consciousness. Blindness is not unconsciousness, but unconsciousness, superficial consciousness and wrong orientation of consciousness. There is a big difference between the consciousness of strengthening physique and the consciousness of competitive competition. In the process of scientific physical exercise, we should point our consciousness to the goal of developing and strengthening physical fitness, rather than simply improving the results of sports competitions and winning the championship. Some teenagers point the consciousness of participating in physical exercise to competition and entertainment, and regard physical fitness as a natural result in the process of practice, which will not be good for development and physical quality. Therefore, in the process of participating in physical exercise, everyone should strengthen and establish a correct consciousness.
Individuality principle: Individuality principle refers to arranging exercise method, content and exercise load according to individual characteristics during exercise. Everyone's physique has its own characteristics, and only by exercising according to this characteristic can we achieve the effect. Therefore, this principle is a rule that needs to choose means and methods of use according to personal characteristics. To implement this principle, we need to have an understanding of ourselves, which requires measuring and evaluating the body's shape, function, quality and sports ability (which have been introduced in other tips), and making the exercise mode we should choose on the basis of obtaining certain data. For example, students have poor cardiopulmonary function and poor running ability, which can be strengthened in exercise according to their own weaknesses. At present, the method of advocating "exercise prescription" in sports at home and abroad is the embodiment of the importance of this principle.
References:
Sports health network