Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "medicine and Taoism are interlinked". After the Tang Dynasty, China's medical theory and works were widely spread to Korea, Japan, Central Asia and West Asia. During the Song Dynasty, the government of the Song Dynasty established Hanlin Medical College, and the medical disciplines were basically complete.
And unified China's acupoint disorder caused by copying, and published "Tujing". Since the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Chinese medicine began to decline. After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the school of febrile diseases appeared, which gradually replaced the school of classical Chinese medicine.
Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica, written at the end of Ming Dynasty, marked the decline of TCM pharmacology. At the same time, both Mongolian medicine and Tibetan medicine are influenced by Chinese medicine. In Korea, oriental medicine has also been greatly developed.
Since the late Qing Dynasty, China has been invaded by western powers, and its national fortune has been weakened. At the same time, the influx of modern medicine (western medicine) has seriously impacted the development of Chinese medicine. Many people in China advocate medical modernization, and traditional Chinese medicine has been greatly challenged.
People began to look at it with the thinking mode of western medicine system, and Chinese medicine fell into a dispute of keeping or abolishing. The same is true of Japanese traditional Chinese medicine and Korean medicine, both of which belong to China's medical system. Since SARS in 2003, classical Chinese medicine began to show signs of recovery.
During the Cultural Revolution, Chinese medicine, as a medical paradigm of "serving the present with the past", was supported and developed by China's production party policy. Modern Chinese medicine is still one of the commonly used methods to treat diseases in China.
Internationally, acupuncture has aroused great interest in the medical field. Acupuncture has been proved to be effective in relieving postoperative pain, nausea during pregnancy, nausea, vomiting and toothache caused by chemotherapy, and the side effects are extremely low.
However, for chronic pain, back pain and headache, the data are vague or controversial. The original innovation and revolution of the basic theory of modern Chinese medicine began in the 1990s.
The new philosophy of traditional Chinese medicine includes three philosophies of traditional Chinese medicine: holistic view and dialectical view, and the third newly excavated philosophy of traditional Chinese medicine: similarity view-fractal theory. 20 18, 10, 1, the world health organization first included traditional Chinese medicine in the medical syllabus with global influence.
The newly included information about Chinese medicine will be written in Chapter 26 of the Global Medical Outline (1 1 Edition), which mainly explains the classification system of traditional medicine and will be implemented in WHO member countries in 2022.
Extended data:
The development of traditional Chinese medicine culture-famous historical doctors;
First, the origin of Chinese medicine
Emperor Yan was the leader of the ancient Jiang tribe in China, and was called Shennong. Yan Di tribe lived in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River (present-day Shanxi-Henan area) and allied with the Yellow Emperor to defeat Chiyou. Chinese people regard Yandi Huangdi as the ancestor of China.
"Shennong tastes a hundred herbs and encounters seventy poisons a day" describes Shennong's spirit of medical practice and exploration, which laid the foundation of China medicine and was later commemorated by people.
China's first medical work was named Shennong Herbal Classic. It is concluded that Chinese medicine originated from primitive society and the Yellow River basin.
Second, the basis of TCM theory
Bian Que (407 BC-3 BC10) was a famous doctor in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. When I was young, I studied medicine in Chang Sangjun, and I passed on my medical skills. I was good in all subjects. Zhao is regarded as gynecology, Zhou as ENT, and pediatrics is famous all over the world.
Bian Que founded the pulse diagnosis method of traditional Chinese medicine, which was the first of its kind in traditional Chinese medicine. He is the author of difficult classics. It opened a medical milestone with "seeing, listening and asking" as the diagnosis method, and it has been used ever since.
Third, the soul of TCM clinic
Zhang Zhongjing (about150—about 2 19) was born in Nieyang County (now Zhangzhai Village, Gedong Town, dengzhou city City, Henan Province) in the Eastern Han Dynasty. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a famous doctor was honored as a medical sage by later generations.
Zhang Zhongjing extensively collected medical prescriptions and wrote the masterpiece Treatise on Febrile Diseases handed down from ancient times. The established principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment is the basic principle of TCM clinic and the soul of TCM.
Fourth, the reform of traditional Chinese medicine.
Hua Tuo (about AD 145-208) was born in Peiguoqiao County, a famous doctor at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. When I was young, I studied abroad and practiced medicine all over Anhui, Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu and other places. I didn't want to make progress in studying medicine.
He has a comprehensive medical skill, especially good at surgery. And proficient in internal medicine, gynecology, pediatrics, acupuncture. ? In his later years, he was suspected by Cao Cao and tortured to death in prison. Huatuo invented the method of treating jaundice with wormwood.
He founded the first set of broadcast gymnastics "Five Birds Play" in China, and invented Mafeisan for clinical anesthesia, which was more than 1600 years earlier than western anesthesia, creating a precedent for traditional Chinese medicine surgery. It can be said that Hua Tuo initiated an important change in TCM clinic.
Five, the progress of traditional Chinese medicine concept
Sun Simiao (54 1-682), a native of Jingzhao Huayuan (now Yaozhou District, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province), was a doctor and Taoist in the Tang Dynasty and was honored as the "King of Medicine" by later generations. Sun Simiao attaches great importance to private medical experience, and constantly accumulates the amount of medical treatment.
Recorded in time, and finally completed his book "One Thousand Daughters". After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, Sun Simiao accepted the invitation of the imperial court and cooperated with it to carry out medical activities.
Celebrating the fourth year of Jian 'an (659), he completed the world's first national pharmacopoeia "Tang Xin Ben Cao". He was the first person to propose the establishment of a separate department for women and children (and the first person to advocate the protection of women and children's awareness).
He was the first person to comprehensively expound "medical ethics", the first leprosy expert, the first to propose compound treatment, the first to create croton to detoxify, the first to propose that prevention is more important than treatment, and the first to invent catheterization.
Sixth, the perfection of Chinese medicine.
Li Shizhen (now Medical Street) was a famous physician in Ming Dynasty. Since 1565, Li Shizhen has collected drug specimens and prescriptions in Huguang, Anhui, Henan, Hebei and other places, and consulted 925 kinds of medical books in past dynasties.
Archaeology has proved that many difficult problems have been clarified. After 27 years of cold and heat, 1.92 million words of the masterpiece Compendium of Materia Medica was completed in 1.590. This book collected 15 18 kinds of drugs, including 1 195 kinds of plants, and recorded 1 1096 kinds of ancient doctors and folk prescriptions.
Attached are 1 100 morphological charts of various drugs, which corrected some previous mistakes and supplemented the shortcomings. It is by far the most complete and scientific medical work in China.
Baidu encyclopedia-traditional Chinese medicine