Regarding the specific role of oxygen inhalation, taking patients with chronic closed lung disease as an example, many cases have proved that it can prolong life. Compared with those who did not take oxygen, the cumulative mortality rate decreased by about 60% on average, and the hospitalization days could be significantly shortened. For example, the average hospitalization days of patients without oxygen inhalation are at least 9 days and at most 40 days, while the average hospitalization days of patients with oxygen inhalation are at least 1 day and at most 4 days, which is nearly 10 times shorter. At the same time, the effect of oxygen inhalation 24 hours a day is better than that of oxygen inhalation 12 hours a day, and the average cumulative mortality rate decreases by about 1/3. When people do strenuous exercise, their pulse and breathing times increase. From the mechanism of exercise, it is explained that nutrients react with oxygen in human tissues, and the energy obtained is used to promote muscle movement. At the same time, oxygen is consumed to produce carbon dioxide and lactic acid. In order to replenish oxygen and expel carbon dioxide, the pulse and breathing times will be greatly increased. But how to take oxygen is better? The following are the relevant experimental results: ① Compared with ordinary inhalation, the number of heartbeats is reduced and the whole body endurance is improved when you exercise while inhaling oxygen; ② Exercise after you take oxygen, that is, taking oxygen in advance only serves as a reserve. B recovery of fatigue generally speaking, fatigue after exercise is caused by the increase of lactic acid in the blood, which can disappear with the help of oxygen supplement. Therefore, after strenuous exercise, inhaling high concentration oxygen as soon as possible will quickly restore fatigue. C improve the waking effect and recognition ability. When people work under the condition of insufficient oxygen supply for a long time, such as military pilots without pressurization function in high altitude and low pressure environment, their body and mind will be affected. Cui Jianhua, Zhang Xizhou and Ha Zhende of the 18th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army have published more than ten papers, which prove that it can improve the sleep quality, thinking, behavior and work ability of migrants and enhance energy metabolism at high altitude. It is an ideal measure to improve the exercise ability and anti-fatigue of plateau troops and an ideal oxygen supply method at plateau. 5.2 oxygen inhalation equipment oxygen inhalation equipment mainly includes membrane oxygen enrichment machine, PSA oxygen generator, chemical oxygen generator and low temperature oxygen generator. Among them, membrane oxygen enrichment machine is the most competitive and applicable. See fig. 2, in which the plate membrane module is only the size of A4 paper, and the thickness is about 1cm, while fig. 3 is a group of photos of learning while inhaling oxygen. Among them, the personal membrane aerator weighs less than 4 kg, which is very light and easy to carry. At present, the more fashionable membrane oxygen bar air conditioner (see Figure 4) draws air with an oxygen content of only 265,438+0% from the outdoor, and the oxygen content is rapidly increased to about 30% after being treated by oxygen-enriched membrane, which effectively solves the problems of dizziness, eye twitching and poor breathing caused by insufficient oxygen in a closed space. In addition, the oxygen bar function and ventilation technology of oxygen bar air conditioner can operate independently. Under the condition of no cooling or heating, the oxygen bar and ventilation function can operate independently, which not only keeps the indoor air circulating and clean, but also increases the oxygen content in the air. As an oxygen bar, it can be used independently, effectively solving the contradiction between health and comfort of consumers in the process of using air conditioning under the current situation. In 2003, Japan successively opened oxygen bars that can take oxygen while eating. In the process of people's pursuit of health, oxygen inhalation has become a craze. This upsurge was triggered by membrane oxygen-enriched suppliers and oxygen-enriched air conditioners listed by Panasonic in March 2003. The tightness of modern houses is getting higher and higher, and the indoor air is easy to get dirty. If the air with high oxygen concentration can be transported indoors, the indoor air can get the same fresh effect as the outdoor air, which is the selling point of Panasonic oxygen-enriched supply machine and oxygen-enriched air conditioner. This unprecedented breakthrough in the field of old-fashioned home appliances has won the favor of users. Less than one year after listing, the sales of the two products have reached 654.38+02 billion yen (about 923 million yuan). Panasonic released a new type of oxygen-enriched supplier and oxygen-enriched air conditioner on June 5, 2004+10/October 5. And also released four other products, including oxygen-enriched water heaters that can make people breathe freely in the bathroom where the air is not easy to circulate. The company plans to increase the sales of oxygen-enriched products to 50 billion yen (about 3.85 billion yuan) by 2004 by continuously expanding its product lineup. When oxygen is mentioned in oxygen-rich water, people often think that it can only exist in gaseous state without thinking. As we all know, nowadays, an oxygen-rich water suitable for drinking has come out. By drinking water, we can also replenish oxygen for our bodies. Compared with ordinary drinking water, the benefits of oxygen-rich water to the body are beyond doubt. It can provide a large number of oxygen molecules to human blood, thus providing a rapid and beneficial oxygen boost. In addition, it can also be used to clean food, vegetables, fruits and so on. Protect these organic substances from bacteria, remove odor and maintain their natural essence. Generally, water with oxygen content ≥20mg/l is called oxygen-rich water. Oxygen-rich water is called "revolutionary beverage" by the world beverage industry. Once it came out, it caused a strong reaction and a great sensation in the American beverage industry. It "opens up a new way for human beings to get rid of polluted water sources and oxygen-deficient air" and is regarded as "a profound revolution in today's beverage industry" The authoritative commentator of "Beverage Network" in American beverage industry commented that "LifeO2 super-oxygen life water (oxygen-rich water) can not only restore people's physical strength, but also restore people's health. 1September 22, 998 < < Beijing Economic News &; The article published by & said: "Experts believe that oxygen and water are regarded as the' source of life' and' the foundation of life' in nature, and super-oxygen life water, the invention of oxygen-rich water, is a great contribution to mankind, and will be a world-renowned high-grade beverage in 2 1 century. It will be widely used in bottled water and various beverages, medical care, beauty, environmental protection and other fields, and is of great significance to maintaining the ecological balance of nature. Oxygen-rich water is relatively new in China, while many foreign manufacturers produce "oxygen-rich water". If the container is properly selected, the dissolved oxygen in "oxygen-rich water" can reach 70mg/L, which is 10 times that of ordinary water. Oxygen is an indispensable substance in life activities, and the occurrence, development and deterioration of many diseases are related to hypoxia. The preliminary study found that drinking oxygen-rich water is beneficial to the health of cardiovascular system; Many people are refreshed after consciously drinking "oxygen-rich water"; After someone drinks it, the headache disappears; Athletes can improve their sports ability after drinking. Oxygen can inhibit and kill anaerobic bacteria that cause bad breath, tooth decay and gum disease. "Oxygen-rich water" is a great blessing for patients with oral diseases. If mineral water rich in trace elements is used to produce "oxygen-enriched water", it can also achieve various purposes of disease prevention and fitness. 7 Progress of membrane oxygen enrichment in medical care in China To be honest, there are many research units of membrane oxygen enrichment in China, but for various reasons, there are few successful oxygen-enriched medical care equipment, and even less application and development. In fact, with the continuous improvement of people's lives, the application of oxygen enrichment in medical care will be more and more extensive! Especially compared with other oxygen supply sources, membrane oxygen enrichment has the characteristics of simple operation, safety and economy, no oxygen poisoning after long-term use, and has more popularization and use value. The Membrane Center of Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences has done some work in this respect: ① Cooperate with the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical College and the Third People's Hospital of Dalian to carry out the rehabilitation of chronic lung diseases. Chronic respiratory diseases lead to hypoxemia. Medical experts at home and abroad believe that long-term low-flow oxygen therapy is advocated. The daily oxygen therapy time is 15 hours, and the common oxygen-enriched concentration is 22-27%. Its clinical significance is to reduce hematocrit and blood viscosity, relieve pulmonary vasospasm, reduce pulmonary vascular resistance, increase right cardiac output, improve oxygen supply, prolong life and reduce mortality. At present, the oxygen sources of oxygen therapy are oxygen cylinders, liquid oxygen storage and oxygen-enriched generators. Oxygen enrichment devices can be divided into adsorption method and membrane method. When evaluating these three oxygen sources, it is considered that the membrane oxygen enrichment device has the advantages of small volume, simple operation, no need to replace, safety, reliability and economy, and its cost is only one quarter to one thirtieth of that of oxygen cylinders, and its curative effect is reliable, which adds new content to rehabilitation medical engineering. ② In cooperation with Dalian Sports Commission, oxygen inhalation was applied to middle and short distance runners in Dalian Sports School under Dalian Sports Commission, which showed that oxygen inhalation could promote the adjustment of acid-base balance after exercise and help to eliminate metabolic acidosis after exercise. Oxygen inhalation after training is better than that before training, and it is also of certain significance to eliminate blood lactic acid after short-distance swimming, diving, cycling and other sports and accelerate the return to normal. ③ Cooperate with Qinghai Plateau Medical Research Institute and Qinghai Provincial Psychiatric Hospital to establish an oxygen-enriched microenvironment, namely an oxygen-enriched room, in Xining area at an altitude of 2,260 meters. The comparison before and after shows that the visual reaction time is obviously shortened, the movement stability is obviously improved, and the tapping action is more sensitive and rapid. The plateau oxygen-enriched room can improve workers' hypoxia, enhance heart function and improve labor efficiency, which is an ideal oxygen supply method at plateau. ④ In cooperation with Nanjing Plateau Rehabilitation Hospital of the Ministry of Railways and Xining Railway Sub-bureau of Qinghai, an oxygen-enriched room was established in the cab of the train from Guanjiao Station (3,650 m above sea level) to Tangke Station (2,900 m above sea level) in Golmud Locomotive Depot of Qinghai, and the experiment was carried out for dozens of hours: the average oxygen partial pressure increased by 7.3mmHg, and the average oxygen saturation increased by 3.4%. Moreover, in an oxygen-enriched environment, the subjects are relaxed and fatigue is easily eliminated. ⑤ The Lenglongling Tunnel in Qilian Mountain (with an altitude of 3,429 meters), which is located at the junction of Gansu and Qinghai provinces with the No.1 Engineering Office of the 18th Engineering Bureau of the Ministry of Railways, applied membrane oxygen enrichment technology to plateau tunnel for the first time, and set up a mobile oxygen bar, which improved the serious oxygen shortage of workers in the tunnel, provided new ideas and development directions for workers in plateau hypoxia areas, improved oxygen supply conditions and accumulated scientific data for labor protection in plateau operations in China. Among them, Table 3 is the comparison table of oxygen enrichment concentration test of MFY 1608 oxygen enrichment equipment provided by us. According to the test results, the original oxygen content in the air at the air inlet is an important factor affecting the oxygen enrichment effect. Due to the lack of original oxygen content in the plateau area, the oxygen enrichment efficiency is reduced from 7% to about 3%. It is a bold and beneficial attempt to build a mobile oxygen bar in a tunnel by using membrane oxygen enrichment technology. However, due to the small cross section of the tunnel and the poor working conditions in the tunnel, some defects that need to be improved are also exposed during the use of the device in the tunnel. It is believed that through technical improvement, this method will be widely promoted in the fields of labor protection such as improving workers' hypoxia in the plateau area in the future with its unparalleled advantages of simple equipment, less investment, simple operation and low operating cost. ⑥ In cooperation with Dalian Instrument Group, * * * developed a number of small-scale membrane oxygen-enriching machines for personal use, which were clinically applied in 2 10 Hospital of China People's Liberation Army, with good results, and obtained the market access certificate of Liaoning Medical Device Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Station. Later, it was closed due to the merger of Dalian Instrument Group. ⑦ Regarding the "oxygen bar" air conditioner, Kelon first contacted the membrane center of Dalian Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, followed by Chunlan, and finally Haier. Mainly for Haier and other "oxygen bar" air conditioning core components: plate-frame oxygen-enriched membrane module. For the domestic "oxygen bar" air conditioner, the size of the plate-frame oxygen-enriched membrane module is only as small as A4 paper, and the thickness is about 1cm. This kind of "oxygen bar" air conditioner uses the characteristic that oxygen molecules pass through the oxygen-enriched membrane faster than other gas molecules, so that the oxygen concentration passing through the oxygen-enriched membrane is increased from 2 1% to about 30%, and the human body is kept in the fresh air environment for a long time. The oxygen bar of this air conditioner can also be used alone, which greatly meets people's demand for oxygen. Air conditioning can produce oxygen, which will become the standard of air conditioning industry in the future. This innovation is revolutionary and a milestone in the development of air conditioning industry. 8 Introduction of typical domestic oxygen bars A. FAW workers walk into the "oxygen bar". The first oxygen bar was put into use in the heat treatment plant of China First Automobile Group Corporation, and front-line workers breathed pure air in the "oxygen bar". According to Zhao Chunren, front-line workers in the heat treatment plant of FAW Group are exposed to a large amount of carbon monoxide and various harmful gases in production, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of workers. 1993 physical examination of workers in this factory found that 27% had ECG changes. According to the analysis, in addition to the specific production nature (four-shift system and three-shift all the year round), the working environment factors are great. After the parts are quenched at high temperature, a large amount of oil smoke is produced, but the suction port can't suck it all away. The exhaust pipe of carburizing furnace exhausts and burns 24 hours a day. The fume and combustion waste gas contain a lot of toxic and harmful substances such as carbon monoxide, so the oxygen content in the air of the whole work site is far lower than the normal oxygen content in ordinary air. It is difficult for new workers to adapt to this harsh environment after entering the factory, and they often have headaches, dizziness and nausea. Especially workers who work in three shifts often feel weak and depressed, and sometimes they have arrhythmia, nausea and vomiting. Later, the factory changed all the original 40 natural ventilation to mechanical ventilation, built an oxygen inhalation room for workers, and achieved dust poison control and occupational disease prevention in one step. The oxygen inhalation room takes compressed air or outdoor clean air as the air source, and the pure oxygen obtained by the oxygen generator is input into the room or directly inhaled into the mouth of the staff through pipes or oxygen masks. The raw oxygen content in the production workshop is 18-20%, and the oxygen content in the oxygen inhalation room is 25-27%. Workers' fatigue quickly dissipates through the rest of the oxygen inhalation room, and they are refreshed, clear-headed and energetic. After several years of use, the workers responded well and said that it was really worthwhile to enjoy a while in the oxygen bar. Practice has proved that oxygen inhalation chamber is undoubtedly a method worth popularizing for workers who have been exposed to toxic and harmful substances such as carbon monoxide for a long time. B, plateau "oxygen bar" on the plateau, there are many oxygen bars and oxygen-enriched rooms. For example, in the construction of Kunlun Mountain Tunnel on Qinghai-Tibet Railway, faced with the severe test of challenging people's physiological limits such as cold climate and severe hypoxia in plateau construction, they insisted on people-oriented and established oxygen-enriched rooms in the dormitory of the construction site, and finally achieved the goal of tunnel penetration ahead of schedule. The 18th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army and Cui Jianhua, Zhang Xizhou and Zhang Jianlin of Urumqi Military Medical College set up oxygen-enriched rooms at an altitude of 5,380m, which increased the indoor oxygen-enriched concentration to 27-28%. Step exercise was performed on healthy young people at an altitude of 5,380m 10 before and after 27.3% oxygen enrichment, and the contents of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde in blood were detected. The results show that oxygen enrichment has obvious inhibitory effect on free radical damage during altitude exercise and plays an important role in enhancing aerobic pathway. High altitude hypoxia has an impact on human tissues and systems, and with the increase of altitude, the impact becomes more and more serious. Sleeping in the oxygen-enriched room before or after the mission of the plateau combat team is very beneficial to improve the combat effectiveness and restore the deficiency of compensatory function caused by extreme hypoxia. Moreover, this measure is easy to be popularized and applied in plateau medical units and border checkpoints, and has obvious effects on reducing exercise fatigue, enhancing energy metabolism and improving plateau work efficiency. At the same time, the oxygen-enriched chamber is an ideal way to prevent altitude sickness, which has certain application value in clinical treatment and basic research. The development prospect of oxygen therapy and oxygen health care The importance of oxygen to human survival and health cannot be overemphasized. The appearance of oxygen therapy and oxygen health care means that people's demand for oxygen has changed from completely relying on nature to further consciously striving for it, which has opened a new chapter in the history of people and oxygen. Oxygen therapy and oxygen health care are the products of the development of the whole social civilization. Without the development and accumulation of physiology, clinical medicine, preventive medicine and emergency medicine, and without the development and accumulation of chemistry, especially peroxide chemistry, it is impossible to produce oxygen therapy and oxygen health care. Oxygen therapy and oxygen health care are the needs of the whole social development. People demand a high-quality life and a healthy life. As pointed out in the Charter of the World Health Organization, "'health' is a state of physical, mental and social perfection, not just a state of absence of disease and weakness". Oxygen therapy and oxygen health care can promote overall physical and mental health: full of energy, strong ability to withstand tension and pressure; Enhance self-confidence and enterprising spirit; The ability to prolong youth and delay the aging process; Improve the body's disease resistance and reduce the occurrence of diseases; Once the disease occurs, improve the ability to relieve symptoms, recover quickly and avoid sequelae. Oxygen therapy and oxygen health care are also the needs of health work to prevent and treat non-communicable diseases and lifestyle diseases. The reality of today's world shows that the pace of life is accelerating, the competitive pressure is increasing, and the intensity of knowledge expansion and mental work is also increasing. At the same time, there is an aging trend in the world, and air pollution, especially urban air pollution, is difficult to contain. Oxygen therapy and oxygen health care can play a unique and positive role in the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases and lifestyle diseases. The scientific research of oxygen therapy and oxygen health care has been paid attention to all over the world, and people's understanding of the complex mechanism of oxygen supply affecting human physiology and pathology will continue to deepen. With the deepening of understanding, oxygen therapy and oxygen health care will be widely used in preventive medicine, clinical medicine, occupational disease medicine, sports medicine, maternal and child medicine, geriatrics and other fields, and will be included in the thinking range of every doctor when considering treatment plans, thus playing a greater role in saving lives. Medical reports show that breathing proper oxygen can keep a clear head, enhance memory, make blood circulation smooth, and prevent arteriosclerosis, dementia, cancer and so on. Oxygen inhalation also plays a great role in asthma, fatigue recovery, blood pressure regulation and recovery and improvement of weak cardiopulmonary function; In addition, the most sensitive part of the human body to oxygen is the brain. Pregnant women can give birth to smart babies by providing oxygen to the fetus through the placenta. Aerobic exercise is also an effective method to treat diabetes; Adequate oxygen supply can also activate the blood circulation of the skin, making the skin healthy and elastic. With the continuous emergence of new membrane-making materials, the continuous improvement of membrane-making technology, the continuous decline of membrane-making cost and the increasingly perfect function, oxygen therapy and oxygen health care will be popularized to thousands of households, remote areas, hills, field operations and underground mines, so that people can use it to improve their health. Oxygen therapy and oxygen health care will be widely recognized by all kinds of people, and will enter the fields of education, work, competition, leisure, beauty and so on, and become an integral part of modern lifestyle. Oxygen therapy and oxygen health care will be combined with popularizing aerobic metabolic exercise in the crowd to enhance the ability of human body to inhale, transport and utilize oxygen; Make more contributions to developing people's physical potential, intellectual potential, mental potential and social potential.
Oxygen enrichment principle of membrane oxygen enrichment technology
Membrane oxygen enrichment is to make the oxygen in the air pass through the membrane preferentially under pressure difference by using the different permeation rates of each component in the air when passing through the membrane, so as to obtain oxygen-enriched air. Using this membrane for multiple separation, oxygen-enriched air with more than 30% oxygen can be obtained. The research of oxygen-enriched membrane has been widely used in medical treatment, fermentation industry, chemical industry and oxygen-enriched combustion.