There are two aspects that I hope will help you! 1. Sports drinks are made according to the characteristics of physical consumption during exercise, which can supplement the lost nutrition during exercise, maintain and improve the exercise ability and accelerate the elimination of fatigue after exercise. Therefore, it should have the following basic characteristics: a certain sugar content: due to exercise, muscle glycogen is consumed a lot, and muscle increases its intake of blood sugar, thus reducing blood sugar. If it is not replenished in time, the working muscles will be weak. On the other hand, because more than 90% of the brain's energy supply comes from blood sugar, the decrease of blood sugar will weaken the brain's ability to regulate exercise and cause fatigue. Proper amount of electrolytes: Exercise leads to sweating, resulting in a large loss of electrolytes such as potassium and sodium, leading to physical weakness and even cramps, leading to a decline in exercise ability. The sodium and potassium in the beverage are not only used to supplement the sodium and potassium lost in sweat, but also help the water to stay in the blood vessels, so that the body can get more water. If the electrolyte content in the beverage is too low, it cannot be supplemented; If it is too high, it will increase the osmotic pressure of the beverage, causing gastrointestinal discomfort, so that the water in the beverage can not be absorbed by the body as soon as possible. No carbonated gas, no caffeine, no alcohol: carbonated gas can cause flatulence and discomfort; Caffeine has a certain diuretic effect, which will aggravate the loss of water, and exercise itself will lose a lot of water and electrolytes; In addition, caffeine and alcohol can also stimulate the central nervous system, which is not conducive to recovery after exercise. Patients with hypertension should not drink more sports drinks. Easy exercise itself is really good for health, but the introduction of sports drinks by hypertensive patients after exercise will increase their blood pressure. Because patients with hypertension must limit salt, salt contains sodium that causes blood pressure to rise, and sports drinks contain high sodium, which will inevitably make blood pressure rise higher. Sports drinks are no problem for normal people and people with low blood pressure, while patients with hypertension drink sports drinks indiscriminately during exercise, which is very easy to induce stroke. Therefore, patients with hypertension should not drink more sports drinks. How to buy sports drinks? At present, there are many products labeled "sports drinks" in China, such as Jianlibao, Red Bull and Shubao. But according to experts, professional sports teams rarely use these drinks now. Like "Red Bull", it contains caffeine, which is a banned ingredient for athletes; Like "Jianlibao", although it contains mineral trace elements, it has a high sugar content and is still an aerated drink. At present, there are several major brands of professional sports drinks in the domestic market. One is Gatorade, the sponsor brand of NBA. Gatorade sells well in Guangdong, Shanghai and other southern cities, and the price in supermarkets is about 4 ~ 1 bottle in 5 yuan. Another "Weichuang high-energy solid beverage" is divided into three types: before exercise, during exercise and after exercise. The cost of a set is about 12 yuan, which is around 2 yuan before and after the exercise. The recovery drink after exercise also contains amino acids and other ingredients, which is beneficial to recovery and eliminates fatigue. The price is a little more expensive, around 7 yuan. But at present, this kind of sports drink only has solid packaging, so it needs to be brewed by itself when drinking, which is more troublesome. Now Nutrilite protein powder produced by Amway has become a necessity for many athletes. Because protein accounts for about 20% of human body weight, it is used to make muscles, blood, skin and other body organs. It helps the body to make new tissues to replace damaged ones. Oxygen and various nutrients are delivered to cells through blood, which regulates the water balance in the body. Sports drinks Your demand for rehydration during exercise is a very important part. During the intermission of sports competition or training, athletes often pick up a bottle of water and drink it with their heads up. Are they drinking boiled water? No, because boiling water will cause blood dilution, so that more water will be lost from sweat, which will easily cause electrolyte balance disorder in the body. So, are they drinking juice? Not exactly. Juice and juice drinks with relatively high concentration cannot be absorbed as soon as possible because of their high osmotic pressure. In fact, it is a new type of drink-sports drink. Sugar with a certain sugar content is the most economical and direct main energy substance of human body, which is stored in bone marrow muscle and liver in the form of glycogen. Due to the limited sugar reserves in the body, if it is not replenished due to a large amount of consumption during exercise, the muscles will be weak and the exercise ability will decline. On the other hand, more than 90% of the brain's energy supply also comes from blood sugar. Lowering blood sugar will weaken the brain's ability to regulate exercise and cause fatigue. Therefore, sports drinks must contain certain functions. Better sports drinks are mainly oligosaccharides, which are beneficial to supplement blood sugar and make the brain and muscles absorb sugar continuously during exercise, thus improving endurance, prolonging fatigue and accelerating recovery after exercise. Oligosaccharide beverage is also beneficial to reduce blood lactic acid level during exercise and increase muscle strength and workload. Sweating a large amount of electrolytes will lead to a large loss of electrolytes such as potassium and sodium, resulting in physical weakness and even cramps, leading to a decline in exercise ability. The sodium and potassium in the beverage not only contribute to the sodium and potassium lost in sweat, but also help to replenish the water retained in blood vessels, so that the body can get more water. The electrolyte content in the beverage is too low to achieve the supplementary effect; If it is too high, it will increase the osmotic pressure of the beverage, causing gastrointestinal discomfort, so that the water in the beverage can not be absorbed by the body as soon as possible. Low osmotic pressure should make the water and other nutrients in the beverage pass through the stomach as soon as possible and be fully absorbed. The osmotic pressure of beverage is lower than that of plasma, that is, hypotonic beverage. The type and quantity of sugar and electrolyte in beverage are the direct determinants of osmotic pressure of beverage. Nutritional sports drinks can maintain low osmotic pressure even if they contain a variety of sugars and inorganic salts. Carbonated gas without carbonic acid, caffeine and alcohol can cause flatulence and discomfort in the stomach, and drinking a lot of carbonated drinks may cause stomach cramps and even vomiting. Caffeine and alcohol have certain diuretic and dehydration effects, which will further aggravate the loss of body fluids. In addition, they also stimulate the central nervous system, which is not conducive to the recovery of fatigue. Some sports drinks have other additional ingredients, such as B vitamins, which can promote energy metabolism; Vitamin c can be used to scavenge free radicals, reduce their harm to the body and delay the occurrence of fatigue; Proper amount of taurine and inositol can promote the synthesis of protein, prevent protein from decomposing, regulate metabolism and accelerate the elimination of fatigue. Because sports drinks have the above basic conditions, they can replenish water in time and maintain the normal balance of body fluids; Quickly replenish energy and maintain blood sugar stability; Replenish energy in time; Improve and improve the ability of metabolic regulation; Improve thermoregulation and cardiovascular function. So sports drinks not only quench thirst, but also disintegrate thirst! The principle of supplementing sports drinks during exercise is to supplement 500 ml of liquid 2 hours before exercise, which can increase the reserves of muscle glycogen and liver glycogen in the body. Drinking more than a few times during exercise can prevent stomach discomfort, and supplementing 15~20 minutes with 125~250 ml of liquid can prolong exercise time and delay fatigue. Replenishing the fluid lost after exercise can accelerate the recovery of water, sugar, inorganic salts and trace elements lost in the body, promote the rapid recovery of muscle glycogen and achieve the effect of eliminating fatigue. The method is to add 1000 ml of liquid for every reduction of 1000 g body weight. Choosing sports drinks in fitness exercise can quickly replenish the liquid, energy and electrolyte lost due to sweating, and can effectively maintain or even further improve the state of the human body during or after exercise. Second, you often take part in physical exercise or sports. You must be confused: what kind of water should I drink during exercise? In recent years, there are many kinds of drinks on the market, including mineral water, purified water, purified water, fruit juice, cola and so on. Some packaging bottles also have sports caps, which is really difficult to choose. During strenuous exercise or endurance exercise, heat production in the body increases, and sweating is the main way to dissipate heat. 98% ~ 99% of sweat is water, and the rest is mainly inorganic salts such as potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium. After sweating a lot, it is necessary to replenish water in time, otherwise it will not only lead to fatigue and athletes' thermoregulation disorder, but also lead to the accumulation of acidic metabolites, which will lead to fatigue and the decline of sports ability. Athletes who feel tired and weak may lack inorganic salts, which are characterized by the lack of potassium and magnesium in muscle cells. Studies have shown that magnesium can promote glycogen decomposition, accelerate energy metabolism and improve sports performance. When magnesium is deficient, glucose produces lactic acid through anaerobic glycolysis, which leads to muscle pain and spasm. Magnesium helps cells maintain aerobic oxidation, and even during strenuous exercise, it can reduce the production of lactic acid and muscle spasm. Magnesium is necessary for potassium to enter cells and calcium to enter and leave cells. Supplementing magnesium salt can avoid electrolyte imbalance caused by excessive sweating. In addition, magnesium and calcium are responsible for producing high-energy phosphorylates, such as adenosine triphosphate, which is necessary for muscle exercise. Therefore, in order to eliminate fatigue, improve sports performance, delay the formation of intracellular lactic acid and slow down the appearance of muscle fatigue, alkaline drinks rich in inorganic salts such as sodium, calcium and magnesium should be drunk during exercise, especially for athletes. Generally, minerals are removed from pure water, so it is not advisable to drink pure water alone during exercise. However, for daily exercise without obvious sweating, drinking pure water will not cause nutritional deficiency if the diet is reasonable. During exercise, without obvious sweating, the daily water demand is 2 ~ 3 liters, and the sweating amount of a high-intensity exercise can be as high as 2 ~ 7 liters. Therefore, according to the sweating situation, at least the amount of water loss should be supplemented, and thirst alone can only meet the 1/2 of water loss. Therefore, 400 ~ 700 ml of water should be added before exercise, and 150 ~ 250 ml should be added every half hour when sweating heavily for a long time. The effect is good. .