Hotel design should take traffic organization as the starting point. The transportation organizations with different functions divide the hotel into two independent and interrelated parts: the public part of the hotel (referred to as the "front hall") is often a symbol of the image and quality of the hotel, and also accounts for the main part of the hotel investment, so it is often valued by architects and becomes the focus of design; The organization of the service management part of the hotel (hereinafter referred to as "back hall") is mainly born out of the hotel management model. Due to the limitation of specialty, this part is often ignored by architects. In fact, the latter part is the guarantee of a hotel's high-speed operation.

In the final analysis, hotel design aims at the operation and profit of the hotel, so it can be said that the comfort and identifiability of public space, the convenience and order of management organization are the goals and guarantees of hotel operation.

Second, the front office part:

The design of this part must make passengers feel considerate. Here is a convenient and easy-to-find service partition; Thoughtful and enthusiastic service attitude; As well as the comfortable and peaceful atmosphere created by friendly decorative touch, pleasant environmental colors and lighting, comfortable temperature and humidity and considerate furniture settings, are crucial success factors.

1, lobby design

Hotel lobby should give people the first impression (usually the most unforgettable impression) than other places, so it can be said that the lobby determines the tone of a hotel. The interior design should make the guests who enter the lobby feel at home. Streamlined design should make it easy for guests to see the main service desk and elevator hall.

The size of the lobby mainly depends on the number of rooms in the hotel and other related public space organizations.

The lobby of modern large-scale business hotels usually adopts the design method of combining lobby, lounge and public transportation space. This method is very flexible in area allocation. It can make the area ratio of these three non-profit parts have appropriate flexibility, and it is also conducive to creating a grand space. Hotels that adopt this design technique include: Beijing Century Golden Resources Hotel, Grand Hyatt Oriental Hotel, Shanghai Four Seasons Hotel, etc. This hotel layout usually adopts the layout of lounge and traffic space along the horizontal direction, and also expands the main reception desk, western restaurant, shop, elevator hall, lobby bar, bathroom, public telephone, luggage and traffic passage to the banquet hall along the horizontal direction. This layout can be convenient for passengers to reach the main service desk (usually the depth of the lounge is one and a half to two spans of the column network), and it can also be convenient for passengers to reach the elevator hall and lounge. Convenient for passengers and beneficial to management. In the facade along the street, this design technique can strengthen and shape the bright and warm business atmosphere of the hotel.

2. General Service Desk

The main service desks of several hotels investigated in this study are island-style, not traditional minority-style. The advantage of launching the service desk is to make it more intimate and considerate. The size of these hotels is about 400 rooms. The total length of the main service desk is mostly around15m. Combined with the functions of air tickets, news and simple business, it is convenient for passengers to use.

3. Elevator Hall and Elevator Equipment

The elevator hall should be arranged where it is easy to see from the hotel entrance or the front desk registration office. The location of the elevator hall on the guest room floor should also be considered. It is best to set the elevator in the middle of the corridor to make the sum of the distances traveled by passengers in any direction shortest.

According to foreign experience, the number of elevators is usually 0.7/ 100 rooms. However, in practical engineering, considering the grade of the hotel and the convenience of passengers, elevators are arranged on both sides of the elevator hall in groups of 4-6.

The clear width of the elevator hall is about 4 meters. Consider setting a long mirror in the elevator hall to facilitate passengers to adjust their clothes. The lighting layout of the elevator hall should be different from the walkway, and the illumination should be improved.

It is forbidden to use narrow and long cars in elevator cars because most passengers in China are used to carrying some luggage with them. The narrow carriage is inconvenient for the passengers behind. Generally, 2m x 1.5m wide flat box is suitable. ..

The lobby of almost all star-rated hotels is open to the public. For the sake of safety, some hotels have installed control systems in elevator cars, so that passengers can enter the relevant floors with their room cards, but outsiders cannot reach the hotel room floors. This design method not only provides safety, but also brings some inconvenience to passengers, and its rationality needs further verification.

4. Guest Room Floor Corridor

The focus of corridor design is to avoid making passengers feel long and narrow. So you can use local lighting and decoration to deal with it.

At present, the common practice is to group adjacent guest room walkways and bathrooms in pairs, and the corridor clear distance between two groups of bathroom exterior walls opposite to each other on both sides of the corridor can meet1.8m; The clear distance of the corridor opposite the guest room door should be greater than 2.2 meters. In this way, by increasing the distance between the four groups of corridors outside the door, a hall will be formed between every four rooms. Thus forming an interesting spatial sequence. The lighting in the lobby of the guest room should be properly improved. This has two advantages: first, guests can clearly see the room number, and second, passengers will not feel unsafe because of low illumination or shadows.

5. Guest room

The eight five-star hotels surveyed this time, except Shanghai Four Seasons Hotel, all have standard rooms with an area of less than 4m× 8m, and even have a small size of 3.6m× X7.5 (such as Grand Hyatt Oriental). But from the sense, as a five-star hotel, the size of 4.2 meters by 8 meters is a more comfortable size, which is also conducive to the layout of underground parking spaces.

Toilet: The bathroom area of star-rated hotels is mostly over 6 square meters, and a bathtub and shower box are usually set at the same time. At this time, the size of the bathtub can be slightly smaller Be sure to choose a silent toilet. Two washbasins should be set up. The bathroom should be the place that best reflects the humanization of hotel design. If possible, consider the following aspects: 1. The bathroom should be located in a hidden place, especially not facing the door and the washstand. 2. If there is no locker under the washstand, you can set foot lights to reduce shadows. 3. You can add a cosmetic mirror with magnifying function, and there is a face lamp next to the mirror. 4. An outdoor unit can be installed at the top of the exhaust pipe in the bathroom to reduce the working noise of the exhaust fan and enhance the exhaust effect.

Supporting facilities: the power distribution design of guest rooms should be meticulous and thoughtful, and it is convenient to use. Distribution boxes are usually designed in the ceiling in combination with air conditioning manholes.

The depth of the wardrobe should be greater than 0.6m and the total width should be greater than1m.. In addition, there must be a place to store spare parts. There should be good lighting design in the wardrobe.

The safe can be placed under the wardrobe or TV cabinet.

Broadband network sockets are generally set in the dresser drawer in combination with the charging power supply of mobile phones.

Suite design: the suite is always at the end of the corridor or in the corner of the building (such as Shanghai Four Seasons Hotel). Set a small hall with a door between the living room and the bedroom of the suite, so that each room can be subletted when necessary. When a person rents a house, it is best to have a separate bathroom for each room.

6. Ballroom

The grand ballroom of a star-rated hotel is usually not less than 40m×24m (60 standard tables can be arranged), and the net Qualcomm is usually more than 6m. When you don't need a big space, you can divide a big space into several small spaces with movable partitions. However, it should be noted that this approach does not apply to too high a space. At the same time, we should pay attention to the sound insulation effect of the partition wall.

The banquet hall should have an anteroom. Because the area occupied by standing people is about 1/3 of that of sitting people, the ideal area of the front hall of the banquet hall is 1/3 of that of the banquet hall, and usually 1/4 is also acceptable.

Ballrooms in large hotels generally have the function of renting out, so it is particularly important to have an independent lobby. There should be a parking lot outside the hall where buses can be parked, and there should be a return space in front of the door.

7. Entertainment Center

The recreation center of a star-rated hotel should include fitness, bodybuilding, changing clothes, sauna and swimming. Usually these projects can be set up with a * * * entrance. The fitness part is designed as an open space to set off the sports theme. The dressing area and bathing area should be open for fitness and swimming activities.

Considering the safety and leisure characteristics of guests, the swimming pool generally takes the form of a pool with a water depth of about 1.2 meters. Indoor illumination should be controlled in combination with outdoor natural light and the number of users. The light on the side wall of the swimming pool of Venice Hotel Shenzhen can slowly change color, which can activate the atmosphere of leisure and entertainment.

There should be a considerable area of rest space around the swimming pool, and a certain green area should be drawn. Winter is long in the north, and vibrant green plants are particularly bright in the cold winter.

Hotel design should always carry out humanized design. In addition to the requirements of non-slip and privacy, the dressing room of the hotel should also consider the age and height of the guests. For example, the upper locker of Shanghai Four Seasons Hotel is equipped with a handle to put down the clothes rack, which is very convenient for short passengers.

Third, the latter part:

Although the latter part is rarely seen by passengers, it is the part of graphic design that has the greatest influence on the operation of the whole hotel. The main goals of this part are management and efficiency. Special attention should be paid to the connection position between the back pavilion and the front pavilion in the design.

1, commodity

An operating hotel has the work of purchasing, unloading, acceptance and warehousing almost all day. It is an important job to manage the goods to avoid loss. In addition, there should be a shelter above the unloading platform to prevent the goods from getting wet.

2. Security

Employees' entrances and exits should usually be close to or near the cargo receiving and dispatching area. Because thieves usually try to enter from the logistics area, these two areas can be monitored at the same time. The garbage storage room is also a place where thieves often use it. It is best to arrange it in a place where you can see it at the receiving and dispatching office, and try not to use garbage wells. After punching in, employees should be divided into two streamline lines: one is the streamline of kitchen employees and the other is the streamline of other employees. The above considerations are based on passenger safety as the primary purpose.

3. Room service

Modern hotels generally don't have a floor desk. Making the room attendant room and spare parts warehouse close to the independent freight elevator and air conditioning room is beneficial to zoning and management. Fire elevators can also be used as freight elevators. By strengthening elevator safety monitoring and electronic key control (such as Shanghai Four Seasons Hotel), the safety of passengers is guaranteed.

4. Kitchen and laundry room

Although the current supply of materials makes the kitchen no longer need so much storage space as in the past, the kitchen equipment still needs flexible enough area to innovate. The process design of professional kitchenware company is conducive to ensuring the integrity, convenience, safety and foresight of kitchen design.

When designing the kitchen and laundry room, we must fully handle the ventilation and exhaust functions and create a good working environment.

Four. Decoration design: (omitted)

Decoration design is the most detailed and direct embodiment of hotel grade.

Decoration design often affects the construction cost of a hotel. Therefore, the decoration design should be closely coordinated with the architectural design and completely connected. It can be said that architectural design provides bones and blood for hotel design; Decoration design provides skin and appearance for hotel design.