Controlling hypertension is a long-term process, and a healthy lifestyle is the cornerstone of hypertension prevention and treatment, which will benefit you for life. Patients with hypertension and those with hypertension risk factors should actively adopt a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risk of hypertension and increase the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs. A healthy lifestyle includes: no smoking; Adhere to moderate physical activity; Reasonable diet, appropriately limit the intake of sodium and fat, and increase the intake of vegetables and fruits; Abstinence from alcohol; Maintain normal weight, overweight and obese people should lose weight; Psychological balance, etc. Healthy lifestyle can effectively reduce blood pressure: obesity can reduce systolic blood pressure by 5-20 mmhg by losing weight 10 kg; Reasonable diet can reduce systolic blood pressure by 8- 1.4 mm Hg; Salt restriction can reduce systolic blood pressure by 2-8 mm Hg; Regular physical exercise can reduce systolic blood pressure by 4-9 mm Hg; Alcohol restriction can reduce systolic blood pressure by 2-4 mm Hg. Reasonable diet refers to total control and structural adjustment (low salt, low fat, low sugar, high vitamins, high cellulose and moderate protein diet). Do a good job in dietary balance and maintain an ideal weight. Increasing physical activity is an effective measure to prevent and control hypertension. You can choose walking, jogging, swimming, cycling, climbing stairs, mountaineering, ball games, aerobics and other aerobic exercises. Exercise should be based on one's age and physique. Life lies in exercise, and moderate exercise can regulate blood pressure and keep fit. Exercise should be persistent. Mental stress, anger, annoyance and malignant stimulation of the environment will all lead to high blood pressure. Relieving mental stress and maintaining mental balance can lower blood pressure. The key to psychological balance is to have a correct outlook on life, cultivate good adaptability and self-control, and maintain a good attitude towards work and life. Adopting a healthy lifestyle can improve the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs; Patients with hypertension should adopt a healthy lifestyle all their lives. A high-salt diet will raise the level of hypertension. The average daily salt intake per person increased by 2g, and the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure increased by 2mm and 65438 0mm Hg respectively. Adults in northern China have high daily salt intake and high prevalence of hypertension. The daily salt intake of adults in the south is lower than that in the north, and the prevalence of hypertension is also low. Reducing salt intake can lower blood pressure. The World Health Organization advocates that the average salt intake per person per day should not exceed 6 grams.

2) Drug treatment of hypertension

Reasonable selection, long-term adherence and regular taking of drugs for hypertension are the basic guarantee for sustained, stable and effective blood pressure reduction. Hypertension is a chronic disease, and most patients need to take antihypertensive drugs regularly for a long time to control their blood pressure. According to the requirements of "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension in China", it is an ideal antihypertensive drug with definite curative effect, little side effect, long time to maintain blood pressure, convenient administration and reasonable price. Patients with hypertension should take medicine regularly according to the doctor's advice, and effectively and steadily reduce blood pressure for a long time, which is beneficial to the protection of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Most patients with hypertension need two or more antihypertensive drugs in combination to achieve the purpose of lowering blood pressure. Both doctors and patients should cooperate for a long time and adhere to a reasonable treatment plan; Avoid using antihypertensive drugs and devices that are not recommended or have uncertain curative effects in the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension in China, and don't believe in improper advertisements. Patients with hypertension should have their blood pressure measured regularly. If possible, it is best to have a sphygmomanometer at home. You can observe blood pressure at any time and add or subtract antihypertensive drugs as appropriate. At the same time, you should also have regular outpatient review. It is suggested that urban patients should be treated once a month and rural patients should be treated at least once every three months. Adjust the treatment measures in time after comprehensive evaluation.

Commonly used drugs:

ARB selective angiotensin receptor antagonist; Such as Dai Wen and Xiao Gu.

ACEI- angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; Such as Luo Tingxin, Kaibotong, etc.

CCB- calcium antagonist; Such as Luo Huoxi and so on

And diuretics and direct vasodilators.

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