Since then, the biggest problem facing the Byzantine dynasty is how to deal with the crazy attack of barbaric people in the dark ages. According to ES, the word Byzantium evolved from the original Byzantium, a city in ancient Greece, close to the Bosphorus, and an important channel connecting the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea. When the whole Roman Empire collapsed due to barbarian invasion, Constantinople survived with indestructible fortifications and convenient sea passages. At that time, no other civilization could compete with the Byzantine fleet. Even if the land supply line was completely cut off by some barbaric peoples in Turkey, Persia and the East, Byzantium could still get all the materials it needed through the sea passage. This special geographical position enabled Byzantium to accumulate a lot of wealth through maritime trade, which was the only trade channel between the West and China at that time. ES staff said that Nomisma, a Byzantine currency, has been circulating in the Mediterranean for nearly 800 years. Byzantine navy can completely guarantee the free and smooth trade routes, and many Arab fleets are completely defeated by it. The Byzantine navy used Greek firearms which were relatively advanced in the west at that time. In addition to a powerful navy, the Byzantines also had a well-trained and disciplined army. In the Byzantine army. There were soldiers from Rome, Greece, Goth and the Middle East. They are well trained and well equipped. The Byzantine army was one of the best legions at that time.
The Byzantine dynasty in history has been trying to restore moderns in the Roman Empire. The first experimenter was Justinian I, the first ruler of Byzantine dynasty. His general Belisarius commanded the most powerful legion in the west at that time. Belisariau once defeated the Otto Goths in Italy, repelled the invasion of the Oriental Persian Empire, and extended the sphere of influence of Byzantium to North Africa, making the neighboring countries of Byzantium willingly bow to it. However, the Arab army's attack gradually cast a shadow over these brilliant victories. In the 7th and 8th centuries, Arabs successively occupied Egypt, North Africa and Spain, encroaching on the territory of Byzantine dynasty. Even 1 1 Asia Minor was conquered at the beginning of the century, which made the Byzantine dynasty lose the most important source of food and horses. At the same time, the Byzantine dynasty had to deal with the sudden rebellion of its Italian allies.
Betrayed by neighboring Italy, the Byzantine dynasty, tired of coping with Arab and Turkish attacks, finally perished. /kloc-In the 4th century, the Turks occupied edirne. In A.D. 1453, the Turkish army captured Constantinople, ending the Byzantine dynasty.
Constantine dynasty
Constantine I, Constantine the Great, was originally the Western Emperor under the rule of four emperors from 306 to 337, and later defeated other emperors and became the sole ruler of the Roman Empire.
Constantine II Constantine I's son Constantine II (337-36 1) ruled the eastern part of the empire, and his brother Constantine II ruled the whole of Rome after his death.
Julian, the apostate and nephew of Constantine I, ruled Rome after his death, and died in the war with Persia.
Military rule
Jupiter Jupiter, the younger brother of Valentine I in 363-364, was appointed as the East Emperor by his elder brother.
Valentin-Dior Docia Dynasty
Valentinian I was a soldier from 364 to 375. After Jupiter's sudden death, he was established as the Emperor of Rome by the army, but he quickly handed over the east to his brother Vallance, and only ruled the west.
Vallans, a soldier in Vallans from 364 to 378, was the younger brother of Valentinian I and was appointed as the East Emperor by his brother.
From 378 to 379, Valentin Vallans was the son of Valentin I, who was originally the emperor of the West. After Vallance was killed, he became the emperor of all Rome. He soon handed over the Eastern Roman Empire to Theodosius I and ruled only the west.
Theodosius I Theodosius I was a soldier from 379 to 395. He was appointed as the emperor of the Eastern Rome by Gracian, married the daughter of Valentinian I, and later became the emperor of the whole Roman Empire. After the death of Theodosius I, the Roman Empire was permanently divided, and the Eastern Roman Empire developed into the Byzantine Empire.
The Western Asian Dynasty of Diodo (395-457)
Arcadius, son of Theodosius I from 395 to 408.
Theodosius II, son of Arcadias from 408 BC to 450 BC.
Byzantine soldier in Ceria, Ample, Marchi in 450-457, founded by powerful minister Aspar, married the daughter of Arcadias.
Leo dynasty
After the death of Marchian in 457-474, Aspar established Leo I (Byzantium) in Leo I.
Leo II (Byzantium) Leo I 457-474 Grandson of Leo I and son of Zhi Nuo.
Zhi Nuo (Roman Empire) Zhi Nuo Leo I's son-in-law was overthrown by soldiers and aristocratic groups from 474 to 475.
Liskus Basiliskus, the wife and brother of Leo I in 475-476, was declared emperor by the cabal, and the throne was regained by Zhi Nuo.
Zhi Nuo (Roman Empire) was reset to 49 1 from 476.
Anastasius I, the courtier of Anastasius I Dicross, was elected emperor by the Senate and married Zhi Nuo's widow.
Justinian dynasty
Justine I 5 18-527, the general guarding the imperial city.
From 527 to 565, Justinian I was Justinian I's nephew.
From 565 to 578, Justinian II was Justinian I's nephew.
Tiberius II was the adopted son of Justine II from 578 to 582.
Morris, Tiberius II's son-in-law, was overthrown by Focas in 582-602.
In 602-6 10, Byzantine soldiers overthrew Morris, which led to the intervention of Sassanian king Khosrau II, who was overthrown and killed by Chirac.
Chirac's dynasty
From 6 10 to 64 1 year, Armenian aristocrats, son of the governor of African province of Byzantine Empire, repelled Khosrau II, overthrew Focas and seized the throne.
Constantine III was the son of Chiralius in 64 1 year.
Hera Cronus was overthrown in 64 1 and was the son of Chiralius.
Constantine II 64 1-668, son of Constantine III.
Constantine IV was the son of Constantine II in 668-685.
Justinian II, son of Constantine IV, was overthrown by Leonti in 685-695.
In 695-698, Leonti was a Byzantine general who overthrew Justinian II and seized the throne. He was deposed and executed.
Tiberius III was a Byzantine general who overthrew Leonti and seized the throne. He was deposed and executed in 698-705.
Justinian II was restored in 705-7 1 1 with the help of the Bulgarian king, and was overthrown and killed by Fili Picos.
7 1 1 year to 7 17 years
Philip Picos 7 1 1 year-713 years, Armenian soldiers overthrew Justinian II to seize the throne and were deposed by the army.
Anastasius II 7 13-7 15, the secretary of Philippigo was declared emperor by the army and overthrown by the army.
Theodosius III 7 15-7 17, a tax collector, was declared emperor by the army and overthrown by Leo III.
isaurian dynasty
Leo III was a Byzantine general who was born in Syria from 7 17 to 74 1 7. He overthrew Theodosius III and seized the throne.
Constantine V, the son of Leo III, was overthrown by Artavazd in 74 1.
Artavazd 74 1-743, Armenian soldier, son-in-law of Leo III, overthrew Constantine V and was deposed after defeat.
Constantine V 743-775, reset
Leo IV was the son of Constantine V from 775 to 780 AD.
Constantine VI 780-790, son of Leo IV.
Queen Irina was the wife of Leo IV and the mother of Constantine VI from 780 to 790, and ruled with Constantine VI.
Constantine VI was the only emperor from 790 to 797, and was ruled by Irina 792 years ago.
From 792 to 797, Queen Irina ruled with Constantine VI.
From 797 to 802, the only emperor, Queen Irina, was deposed by nobles in the imperial capital.
From 802 to 820
In 802-8 1 1 year, Nikephoros I was the finance minister and was proclaimed emperor by the nobles.
Storakios was the son of Nikephoros I in 8 1 1 and was overthrown by Mikhail I.
In 8 1 1 year ——8 13, Mikhail I, the son-in-law of Nikephoros I, overthrew Stalakis to seize the throne and was overthrown by the army.
Leo V 8 13-820, a Byzantine general, ascended the throne with the support of the army and was murdered.
Phrygia dynasty
Mikhail II, son-in-law of Constantine VI from 820 to 829, murdered Leo V and seized the throne.
From 829 to 842, Diofilo was the son of Mikhail II.
Mikhail III, the son of Dior Philo from 842 to 867, was overthrown and killed by his confidant Vasily I.
Macedonian dynasty
Basil I was a Macedonian farmer in 867-886, belonging to Armenian nationality. Kill Mikhail III and take the throne.
Leo VI (886-9 12), nominally the son of Basil I, may actually be the son of Mikhail III.
Alexander 9 12-9 13, the third son of Basil I.
Constantine VII 9 13-959, son of Leo VI.
Romanus I 9 19-944, father-in-law of Constantine VII.
Romanus II was the son of Constantine VII from 959 to 963.
Nikki Foros II was a nobleman in Capadocia from 1963 to 1969. He married Theofaro, the widow of Romanus II, and was murdered.
From 969 to 976, Theo Fallot's lover John I murdered Nicky Foros II and seized the throne.
Basil II 976- 1025, son of Romanus II.
Constantine VIII 1025- 1028, son of Romanus II.
Zoe 1028- 104 1 year old, Constantine VIII's daughter.
Romanus III 1028- 1034, Zoe's first husband, was ruled by his wife.
Michael IV 1034- 104 1, Zoe's second husband, was ruled by his wife, was overthrown by his nephew and died soon.
104 1 year-1042, the nephew of Mikhail iv was promoted to emperor * * *, and a coup was launched to depose Mikhail iv and Zoe I, becoming the only emperor, and was later deposed by the nobles of the imperial capital.
Zoe 1042- 1050, reset
Odola 1042, Zoe's sister, is ruled by her sister.
Dante Of nine 1042- 1050, Zoe's third husband, was ruled by his wife.
Dante Of nine was the only emperor from 1050 to 1055.
Odola 1055- 1056, the sister of the only emperor Zoe.
1056 to 1059
Mikhail VI 1056- 1057, a Byzantine general, was chosen as the heir by odola and overthrown by the nobles in the imperial capital.
Isaac I 1057- 1059 Byzantine soldier, supported by nobles to replace Mikhail VI, was deposed by nobles.
Duka dynasty
Constantine X 1059- 1067, the aristocratic group overthrown by Isaac I was declared emperor.
Michael VII 1067- 1078, son of Constantine X.
Romanus IV 1068- 107 1, a noble in Capadocia, married the widow of the monarch Tanding X, ruled with Mikhail VII, and was deposed after the defeat of the battle of Zickert in Inman.
Nikki Foros III 1078- 108 1, an Anatolian aristocrat, overthrew Mikhail VII and was deposed by Alexei I.
Komni dynasty
Alex I 108 1 year-118, Isaac I's nephew married the granddaughter of Constantine X and overthrew Nikki Foros III.
John II1118-1143, son of Alexei I.
Manuel I1143-1180, son of John II.
Alexis II1180-1183, son of Manuel I.
Andronica I, nephew of Alexei I's grandson John II, was overthrown and killed by the nobles.
Anglo dynasty
Isaac II Angelos1185-1195, the great-grandson of Alexei I.
Alexei III, Isaac II Angelos's younger brother, overthrew his older brother, blinded him and was deposed by the Crusaders.
Isaac II Angelos 1203- 1204, reset.
Alexei IV 1203- 1204, son of Isaac II Angelos, was ruled by his father and overthrown and killed by Alexei V.
Nikolai Konabos was elected emperor by the Senate in 1204, but he refused to accept it and was killed by Alexei V.
Alexei V 1204, son-in-law of Alexei III. 1204, the fourth crusader occupied Constantinople, established the Latin Empire, and the Byzantine royal family went into exile.
empire of nicaea
Also known as Laskaris Dynasty, it was one of the regimes established by Byzantine exiled nobles after the Crusaders captured Constantinople.
Constantine Laskaris 1204, not officially crowned.
Dior I 1204- 1222, son-in-law of Alexei III.
Johan III 1222- 1254, son-in-law of Dior I.
Diodo II 1254- 1258, son of Johan III.
John IV 1258- 126 1 year, son of Dior II.
Vaglio Luo Dynasty
Michael VIII, Regent of John IV 1259- 1282, later abolished the emperor and became independent.
Andronicus II Palaeologu 1282- 1328, son of Mikhail VIII.
Michael IX 1294- 1320, son of Andronicus II Palaeologu, ruled with his father.
Andronica III 1328- 134 1 year, son of Mikhail IX and grandson of Andronicus II Palaeologu.
John v 134 1 year-1376, son of Andronica iii.
John VI 1347- 1354, the father-in-law of John V, ruled with John V.
John V's son Andronica IV 1376- 1379 overthrew his father.
John V 1379- 1390, reset for the first time.
John VII 1390, son of Andronica IV, overthrew John V.
John v 1390- 139 1 year, the second reset.
Manuel II 139 1 year-1425, son of John v and brother of Andronica iv.
Manuel II's son John VIII 1425- 1448.
Constantine Xi1449-1453, son of Manuel II and brother of John VIII. 1453 Constantinople fell into the hands of the Ottoman Empire and the Byzantine Empire perished.