Label: education of social and economic relations in sports development
order
Whether it is for the development of society or the cultivation of people's character. Physical education is as important as moral education, aesthetic education and intellectual education. When they are mutually conditional, how can we give full play to the unique value and function of sports itself? If we regard it as an ornament or a shelf and put it in an insignificant position in the construction of spiritual civilization, then we will be punished mercilessly by history.
At the beginning of the 20th century, young Comrade Mao Zedong wrote a famous paper "Sports Research" under the pseudonym of "Twenty-eight Painters", and put forward a proposition that is still thought-provoking. ① When we have entered the 2 1 century, if we ask such a question: Is the physique of our generation barbaric enough to compete with other countries in the world? Do you have enough strength to face the challenges of the new century? I'm afraid every sober athlete can't give a very optimistic answer.
The 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China decided to put the development of science and technology and education at the top of the strategy to revitalize the national economy, and shifted economic construction from relying mainly on extensive management to relying on scientific and technological progress and improving the quality of workers. This is an important development of the guiding ideology of our party's economic construction after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee. The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, which is a comprehensive goal integrating politics, economy, culture, all-round development of human beings and harmony between man and nature. With the scientific connotation of this goal, the Sixteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a concise opening with six "more", namely, "more economic development, more sound democracy, more advanced science and education, more prosperous culture and more affluent people's lives". It is necessary to study the relationship between sports and economic development in order to conscientiously implement the party's guiding ideology of economic construction, implement the status of sports, promote the virtuous circle of economic education and promote the development of productive forces.
1. The relationship between sports and economy
With its unique function, sports plays an irreplaceable role in the guiding ideology of economic construction. Give full play to the economic function of sports and improve the level of human resources in building a society in an all-round way; To study the relationship between sports and economy, we must first make clear the meaning of sports and economy.
1. 1 the meaning of sports
From the perspective of educational economics, the word sports has many explanations. The concept of sports refers to the unique social activities of human society. It is a purposeful, planned and systematic education and training according to the requirements of a certain society, and it is an activity to develop people's potential ability. Judging from the nature of teaching, it is an indispensable part of socialism to cultivate new talents with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor. Therefore, sports is an important part of national economic development, because sports industry can provide science and technology for production development and economic growth, skilled labor and specialized personnel, so the development of sports itself objectively contains economic factors. The development of sports is an advanced cause, because it takes a long time to train talents, and the economic benefits of sports are lagging behind. Therefore, the development of sports must go ahead.
1.2 the meaning of economy
Economy represents a certain wealth and cost of living, and it can also represent the sum of means of production and means of living. The relationship between sports and economy can be manifested in the dependence of sports progress on the level of economic development, and the role of sports in social and economic development is increasingly prominent, such as strong physique can improve work efficiency. It shows that sports is an indispensable condition to improve the quality of the labor force. These are all well known.
2. The material basis of sports development lies in economic prosperity.
As a kind of social practice of human beings, sports has the basic rhythm of synchronization with social development and the most fundamental causal relationship with human economic activities. Sports development is not a subjective thing, we can develop as we want. On the one hand, it is restricted by the level of economic development, on the other hand, it is tested by social practice. The development of sports is based on economy. The level of economic development and social demand are the material and social basis of sports development. This objective regularity is mainly manifested in two aspects:
2. 1 The development of sports must be coordinated with the national economy.
The level of social material production fundamentally determines the scale and speed of sports development and the internal structure and proportion of sports undertakings. Marx pointed out: "Man always puts forward only the tasks that he can solve, because these tasks can be found through careful investigation. The task itself will only occur when the material conditions for solving it already exist or at least are forming. " (2) The scale and speed of sports development depends on the reproduction scale of material data, which provides certain material guarantee for its development, that is, ensuring the necessary manpower and providing sports infrastructure equipment, venues, books and equipment. And ensure the necessary financial resources to provide sports infrastructure expenditure and sports recurrent expenditure. Foreign scholars have made a comparative study on the medal distribution of the 1984 Olympic Games and the economic situation of the winners, and found that 98% of the medals were won by countries with higher economic level and longer life expectancy. Basic indicators such as gross national product and national average income of a country or region are the prerequisite indicators for sports development. On the other hand, it depends on the demand of social reproduction for labor. This demand not only determines the total labor force, but also determines the proportional relationship of various labor forces. The total labor force determines the scale and speed of sports development; The proportional relationship of various labor forces determines the sports system and structure.
2.2 The speed and level of economic development determines the specifications and direction of sports development.
The level, mode and level of reproduction of material data restrict and ultimately determine the quality of sports, that is, restrict and ultimately determine the specifications of labor force, and then determine the specifications and development direction of sports training talents. The gross national product of a country or region can play a great role in competitive sports, while basic indicators such as national average income have a direct impact on mass sports and school sports. 265438+the beginning of the 20th century is a crucial period for China to realize a well-off society and move towards modernization. In the new century, socialized mass production is developing rapidly in breadth and depth, which will provide people with more and more material wealth and spiritual wealth. With the change of lifestyle, people's quality of life has been greatly improved, and Engel's coefficient reflecting people's quality of life is declining. After entering a well-off society, the development of sports will surely get greater social support.
3. Economic development also needs to rely on the promotion of sports.
The development of economy, like the development of sports, is not subjective, and it is impossible to adjust the relations of production alone. Marx believed that "productive forces also include science and technology", in this sense, science and technology belong to the category of productive forces. In particular, the modern economy is increasingly dependent on science and technology and the improvement of people's labor ability, which requires the cultivation of sports skills. This "dependent" relationship between economic development and sports skills is mainly manifested in the following three aspects:
3. 1 Sports skill training is an important means of labor reproduction.
The basic principle of Marxist political economy tells us that social reproduction is the reproduction of material resources and labor force. These two kinds of production should maintain a certain proportion in quantity and adapt to each other in quality, so that the whole society can reproduce. Reproduction of labor with certain production experience and skills is a necessary condition for any society to realize reproduction, and physical exercise is a necessary condition for labor reproduction. The most basic connection between sports development and productivity development is realized through the reproduction of labor force.
The reproduction of labor force includes two aspects: one is to restore and maintain the labor ability of employees in the existing production process and scientific and technological activities, so that they can continue to engage in labor and work; The second is to cultivate and train new labor force to replace the labor force who quit the production process and supplement the labor force needed for expanding reproduction. In two aspects of labor reproduction, the former is mainly carried out through the consumption of means of subsistence, including the need to spend certain material materials to educate and train workers and update their knowledge and skills to meet the needs of production development; The latter should be carried out by investing in sports, and developing sports is an important means of labor production.
So, what role does sports play in labor reproduction?
First, physical exercise teaches and accumulates labor skills. Marx pointed out: "The reproduction of the working class also includes the transmission and accumulation of skills from generation to generation." The basic function of physical exercise is to impart the knowledge and skills accumulated by predecessors to the trainees, and to maintain and develop the working ability of employees in the production process and scientific and technological activities.
Second, exercise can produce labor ability. A man's ability to work is the sum of his physical strength and intelligence. Marx: "Education can produce labor ability" ⑤ This scientific assertion reveals the basic relationship between education and economy under modern production conditions. Teenagers often take part in physical exercise, which is conducive to physical development, form a good body shape, develop physical exercise ability, exercise a strong body and make it a qualified labor force.
Third, sports investment can produce greater economic benefits. Marx pointed out: "People's ability to work has a characteristic, that is, they can create new values besides production and their own values in the production process. After training and exercise, labor can create new value beyond itself in the production process. " This not only shows that sports investment is productive, but also the economic benefits generated by sports investment in production are often an "expanded" amount compared with the expenses consumed. This is the role of the intellectual quality of workers in production, which is repeatedly realized in production. It is reported that the investment in the construction of sports facilities for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be 7010.30 billion yuan, which will greatly improve the hardware facilities of the sports industry and drive other industries to invest in the sports industry, thus increasing the development scale of the sports industry in China.
3.2 Developing sports is also an important way to transform science and technology into direct economy.
Science itself is an economy, but it is not a concrete and direct economy, but a potential economy in the form of knowledge. To turn science into concrete and direct productive forces, part of it can be realized through sports. On the one hand, through physical education, science and technology are mastered by laborers and become their knowledge and skills, which constitute the elements of the labor force; On the other hand, through the invention and creation of technology, it is materialized in production tools and labor objects, which constitutes the elements of production materials. This process is also realized by scientific and technological talents trained by sports science. Social science can also be transformed into material strength through sports science. On the one hand, the development of social science and technology can continuously expand the knowledge horizon of workers, improve their quality in all aspects, and produce new and higher labor efficiency; On the other hand, the development of social science can constantly reveal the social organization law of production activities and improve the scientific management level of production process.
3.3 Sports is an important means to realize the reproduction of science and technology.
Scientific research is a kind of spiritual production, also known as scientific production. Education can not only accumulate and inherit the science and technology of predecessors, but also undertake the task of developing scientific research. Sports train athletes and lay the foundation for economic development. Physical education can enable students to systematically grasp the scientific essence of predecessors in a certain field in a certain period of time, including the enlightenment gained from some ideas and technologies of predecessors, and conduct research and experiments on this basis to explore unknown fields. Finally achieve a breakthrough and promote the continuous development of sports.
4. New problems of sports in economic development
4. 1 Establishment and development of sports associations
Economy provides a good social environment for the development of sports associations. Since 1980s, various social organizations in China have gained suitable soil and climate in the reform, and have developed rapidly. By 1992, there are 1400 national organizations, 1960 1 provincial organizations and 16000 county organizations (according to China Daily 65438, ⑦), but in terms of the quantity and quality of sports activities and social participation, How to solve this problem? There are several main points: ①. Take the form of "non-governmental assistance", with financial support from the government and consortia, and rely on non-governmental sports organizations to carry out domestic sports activities and participate in international sports competitions. (2) Under the condition of market economy, various social resources of the country are no longer monopolized by the government, but are decomposed into various interest groups in society, which makes the civil society and secular society develop accordingly.
4.2 the development of rural sports
Rural sports is a long-standing problem and key point in the development of sports in China. Rural sports refers to mass sports activities carried out in the vast rural areas below the county level, with farmers as the main participants, with the main goal of strengthening physical fitness, enriching social and cultural life and promoting the construction of socialist material civilization and spiritual civilization. Rural sports involve rural community sports, school sports, small town sports and some competitive sports. Of China's population of nearly1300 million, 900 million are farmers. In the historical process of building Socialism with Chinese characteristics's great cause, our party and country have always regarded developing and building rural areas and improving farmers' lives as major events to help and govern the country. The development of rural sports occupies the largest population base and strategic position in the development of sports in China. The development of rural sports is directly related to the physique and health level of most people in China. The development of rural sports is conducive to the full implementation of the outline of the national fitness plan, the construction of sports culture, the enhancement of the physical quality of the Chinese nation, the improvement of agricultural labor productivity and the development of rural economy. Therefore, the solution and degree of rural sports problems has become another important variable of sports development in China.
Suggestions for its development are as follows: ① Strengthen the public opinion propaganda of sports value, and vigorously publicize it through various news media to improve the sports consciousness of the whole society. Let every citizen truly understand the significance of sports work. (2) Strengthen the study of leaders of administrative departments at all levels, improve their ideological understanding, make them know some basic sports knowledge, and fully understand the economic and social value of sports. (3) Strengthen the supervision function: give full play to the role of the news media in public opinion supervision, expose the quality of sports work, evaluate the attitude of the masses towards leaders in attaching importance to sports and the measures implemented, and incorporate sports work into the important content of supervision and inspection. (4) Strengthen the construction of physical education teachers and sports venues, equipment and equipment, and pay attention to increasing the input of sports funds.
In short, as long as we carefully analyze and think about the current situation of rural sports work, study the characteristics and laws of rural sports development, strengthen the optimization of sports content and process, pay attention to it at all levels, and pay close attention to implementation, rural sports work will certainly have a new situation.
4.3 Understanding the dialectical relationship between sports and economy
Before the reform and opening up, our lesson is that the development of sports needs to be restricted by economic development. Specifically, the pursuit of superficial "high indicators" often leads to large scale, low efficiency and ups and downs. The fundamental reason lies in development and disconnection. Conditions can't keep up with development, which is the crux of the past and even the present. To this end, we must do the following: ① We must correctly understand and implement the guiding ideology that "sports development must serve economic construction, and economic construction also depends on the development of sports undertakings". We should carry out and handle the dialectical relationship between "service" and "reliance". ② The development of sports must adhere to the principle of conditional development.
4.4 Sports industry needs to be developed urgently
Sports industry is a new industry that mainly meets people's spiritual, cultural and fitness needs. Social division of labor and economic development make the sports industry gradually become an independent industry from a non-independent industry, which makes the industry play a specific role in the national economy. At present, the main markets of sports industry are fitness and entertainment, sporting goods, sports game broadcasting, sports gambling, sports advertising, sports brokerage, sports e-commerce and other industries that need further development. The development of sports will inevitably expand the demand of related departments for products or services, provide markets for these departments and promote the development of these industries. First of all, it can promote the development of sports equipment, sportswear, sports training and scientific research equipment, sports drinks, medicines and other production. According to the data, the annual output value of the global sports industry is as high as 400 billion US dollars, and it has maintained an annual growth rate of more than 20%, accounting for 2.5% of the total world trade. From 65438 to 0998, the annual output value of American sports reached 63 1 billion dollars, and the value of sports industry accounted for 2% of GDP. In contrast, China's sports industry started late and has a small scale. The existing problems are as follows: ① the development of sports industry is unbalanced, and the southeast coast is obviously faster than the west. (According to statistics, the economic development level of the western region in 1999 is far below the national average, and the per capita GDP of the western region is 4 145 yuan, which is only 36% of that of the eastern region, that is, 1/3. At the same time, a considerable number of people are on the verge of food and clothing. Of the 3 1.42 million poor people in China, the west accounts for 48.25%. (2) Unreasonable structure: Fitness and entertainment with essential functions obviously lags behind the sports performance industry. (3), other departments have not been coordinated development, and the correlation between departments is also very low. Generally speaking, China sports industry has attractive development prospects, vast space and amazing growth potential. It is predicted that according to the current development speed of our country, by 20 10, the output value of sports industry will reach at least tens of billions of yuan.
Then, how can we make our sports industry well and become an important part of our national economy? Mainly talk about the following suggestions: ①. Increase investment and development of sports industry in western China. Using the unique geographical environment in the west to develop sports tourism. Pay attention to the popularization of rural community sports and school sports in the western region, combine local methods with foreign countries, adjust measures to local conditions, and do what you can to give full play to its unique value. ② Adjust the structure of sports industry and increase the development of fitness and entertainment industry. Strengthen the training of community fitness instructors. (3) Financial cooperation of other departments will promote the development of sports industry and related industries through "private government assistance". (4) Expand the scale of sports industry and strive to hold world-class large-scale sports events with the support of the government.