Excuse me, does anyone know why the Chinese alias of Wolf is Randachano?

Chinese aliases: Big Wolf, Jackal, Guskai, Landa, Chano, Nurucci, Maogou and Sanjie Zhang.

Classification status:

Carnivore, carnivore

Canidae

Caninae

Canine [spine]

Endangered Grade: CITES Endangered Grade: Appendix II Effective Year: 1997

State key protection level: not included in the effective year: 1989.

China Red Book of Endangered Animals Grade: Vulnerable and Effective Year: 1996

Species characteristics: The largest dog in Canidae looks like a German shepherd, with a body length of 1500-2050 mm, a shoulder height of 50-70 cm and a weight of 26-79 kg. Strong limbs, suitable for running; The snout is slightly sharp; Ears erect; The tail hair is long and fluffy. The upper body is generally light yellow, dark yellow, grayish brown and light gray, but the latter two coat colors are mostly black and white. The abdomen and the inside of the limbs are white, but the coat color of the limbs and the inside of the abdomen is light. Due to different habitats and seasonal changes, the coat color is often different. Five toes on the front foot and four toes on the back foot. There are many black hairs on the shoulders and tails, and there are various habitats, such as moss, ice fields, grasslands, forests and deserts. Wolves in the north often live in groups in winter and have a social structure; In summer, we live in a small family. The site scope is160-350km2. He has a fierce temperament and mainly preys on rabbits, large rodents, deer, all kinds of wild sheep, birds and fish. Mating in February-March, pregnant for 60-63 days, with an average of 7 offspring per fetus.

Distribution: It is widely distributed in the world, but the distribution area of wolves has been greatly reduced, especially in North America and Western Europe. Wolves are distributed in all provinces and regions except Taiwan Province Province and Hainan Island, but they are mainly distributed in areas with low population density in Northeast China, Inner Mongolia and Tibet. Habitat and habits wolves are highly adaptable. Habitat range includes tundra, grassland, forest, desert, farmland and other habitats. Altitude does not limit its distribution. Wolves are widely distributed and have a high density in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Wolves are widely distributed in temperate grassland areas, such as Mongolian grassland (including Dongfang and Kent provinces in Mongolia, and Hu Meng and Ximeng in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China). Wolves like to live under the conditions of less human interference, abundant food and certain concealment. In North China, Central China, South China and other provinces, the activities of wolves are limited to the mountainous environment, which is not suitable for the narrow environment developed by human beings. The distribution of wolves in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and other provinces is also limited to mountainous areas.

Mainly distributed in provinces: Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang.

Distributed in the following protected areas: Baishui River in Xinglong Mountain, Tiantangzhai (Gansu) Burgen Beaver Snow Ridge Spruce Tomur Peak Xishui Fan Jingshan Dongzhai Bird Jiyuan Macaque Jigong Mountain Baotianman (Neixiang) Red River Xingkai Lake Jiugongshan Shennongjia Houhe Bamian Mountain Momoge Poyang Lake Wuyishan (Jiangxi) Taohongling Jinggangshan Old Bald Head Old Bald Head Luoshan Liupanshan (Ningxia) Qinghai Lake Bird Island Pangquangou Taibai Mountain Foping Wolong Jinfo Mountain Mangkang Yunnan Golden Monkey is all around.

Lakes are distributed in the following mountains: Altun Mountain Altun Mountain Zhongtiao Mountain Dabie Mountain Guandi Mountain Helan Mountain Karakorum Mountain Kunlun Mountain-West Kunlun Mountain-East Kunlun Mountain-China Xiangshan Wutai Mountain Liupanshan Luya Mountain Taiyue Mountain Liang Qingfeng Qinling Tianshan Junggar Boundary Mountain and its valley Pamirs Funiu Mountain Poyang Lake Kunlun Mountain.

Living habits: wolves live or live alone. In the breeding season, small groups are integrated, and in winter, wolves tend to form larger groups to prey on ungulates in the Taiga forest area of North America. In Alaska, there are 36 largest wolves, but generally there are no more than 20. The largest group in China is 2 1. Wolves vary greatly in size, often due to different seasons and predation. The food composition of wolves is very diverse, and all the animals that can be caught are their food, including birds, amphibians and insects. Wolves occasionally eat plant food. Wolves like to eat wild and domestic ungulates. The phenomenon of wolves eating people has also been reported at home and abroad, but it only happens under special circumstances.

Demographic Status: China is one of the countries with a large wolf population. But the number of wolves has never been systematically investigated, so it is difficult to get a rough figure. Recently, an accurate survey of wolves in Hulunbeier grassland of Inner Mongolia shows that the number of wolves does not exceed 2000. The population number of wolves in northwest China has not been reported.

Risk factors: wolves have been listed as endangered species in some countries because of their small number. But in many countries, it is not included in the protection of animals. In some countries, including China, the distribution area of wolves has been reduced due to the destruction of habitats. For a long time in China, wolves were eliminated as pests and were rewarded for encouraging the killing of pests. Coupled with the shrinking habitat, the number of wolves has decreased significantly in recent decades, and many wolves in the past have disappeared. The wolf's fur is of good quality, and some of its organs are used as medicine, which is also a factor leading to hunting.

Artificial feeding: wolves are widely distributed, with common species, and there are not many zoos at home and abroad to watch. Wolf Park in lafayette, Indiana, USA once raised 150 wolves, which is the place with the largest number of wolves in the world. The number of wolves raised in China is unknown.

Existing protection measures: At present, wolves in Mexico are classified as wild extinction (EW), wolves in Portugal and Spain are classified as low-risk (LR/cd), and wolves in Italy are classified as vulnerable (VU)(IUCN, 1996). The International Convention on Endangered Species (CITES) lists wolves as Appendix II species, and the wolf populations in Bhutan, Nepal, India and Pakistan as Appendix I species. This shows the importance attached to protecting wolves. Influenced by the long-standing concept, the current laws in China do not protect wolves. On the contrary, it is still generally believed that wolves are harmful animals and should be eliminated.

Suggestions on protection measures: 1) Carry out scientific research, comprehensively investigate the population number and subspecies differentiation of wolves in China, find out the distribution and population status of wolves, scientifically evaluate their advantages and disadvantages, and thus formulate a series of protection and control measures.

2) To strengthen legal management, we should consider prohibiting the arbitrary killing of wolves. In areas where wolves are seriously endangered, taking necessary measures to control the number of wolves must also be carried out in a leading and organized manner on the basis of expert evaluation.

3) Strengthen international cooperation, especially with China's neighboring countries such as CIS, Mongolia, India, Afghanistan and Pakistan.

wolf

Latin scientific name: canine lupus

English name: Wolf, grey wolf

Name and year of species: Linnai, 1758.

The same thing has different names:

Kanis Chanko Gray, 1863,

Canine coreanus Abe, 1923,

Dog ekloni Przewalski, 1883,

Dog filchren Matschie, 1907 or 1908,

Dog Langer Hodgson, 1847,

Chiese dog, 1907 or 1908,

Lupus filcheri Matschie, 1907,

Calano lupus, 1907,

Lubos Langer Hodgson, Calcutta Daily. 1847 ,

Lupus Chile, 1907

Chinese aliases: Grey Wolf, Jackal, Guskai, Landa, Chano, Nurucci, Maogou and Zhang San.

Classification status:

Carnivore, carnivore

Canidae

Caninae

Canine [spine]

Endangered Grade: CITES Washington Convention Endangered Grade: Appendix II Effective Year: 1997.

State key protection level: not included in the effective year: 1989.

China Red Book of Endangered Animals List of National Key Protected Wild Animals Grade: Vulnerable and Effective Year: 1996

Wolves live in groups. Generally, seven horses are a group, and each horse should bear a responsibility for the prosperity and development of the group.

The tacit cooperation between wolves has become the decisive factor for the success of wolves. No matter what they do, they can always rely on the strength of the group to complete it.

The patience of wolves is always amazing. They can spend a long time on a goal without getting bored at all.

Keen observation, single-minded goal, tacit cooperation, curiosity, attention to detail and perseverance make wolves always succeed.

The wolf's attitude is very simple, that is, the unswerving yearning for success.

Nothing can replace the indomitable spirit in a wolf's life, and it is precisely because of this spirit that the wolf can endure the pain and survive.

The cohesion, team spirit and training of wolves have become the decisive factors that determine their life and death. It is precisely because this wolf pack is rarely really threatened by other animals.

Wolves' ability to control change makes them one of the most tenacious animals on earth.

-Cooperation:

Wolves live in groups. Generally, seven horses are a group, and each horse should bear a responsibility for the prosperity and development of the group. Xike is the home of every employee, and the career of Xike is the same for every Xike.

-Unity:

The tacit cooperation between wolves has become the decisive factor for the success of wolves. No matter what they do, they can always rely on the strength of the group to complete it.

⊙-endurance:

Keen observation, single-minded goal, tacit cooperation, curiosity, attention to detail and perseverance make wolves always succeed.

⊙—— Perseverance:

The wolf's attitude is very simple, that is, the unswerving yearning for success.

⊙—— struggle:

Nothing can take the place of perseverance in the life of a wolf. It is precisely because of this that wolves can survive in misery, and their ability to control change makes them one of the most tenacious animals on earth.

⊙-Harmony * * * Students:

In order to survive, wolves always maintain a harmonious relationship with the natural environment and do not participate in unnecessary disputes and conflicts. Xike advocates unity and mutual assistance internally and emphasizes cooperation and harmonious life externally.

-Loyalty:

Wolves have great feelings for animals that have treated them well and can repay them with their lives.

Wolves in Religion and Folklore

Western legends about wolves

In many ancient myths, wolves are portrayed as brave, respectable and intelligent. The best examples of these myths can be seen in Native Americans. Wolves are also respected totem animals in ancient Rome. The grey wolf is also the focus of pan-Turkism and related myths. In primitive Indo-European society, the wolf may be associated with the warrior class, and this term is influenced by taboo deformation. Latin lupus is an example of the variant form of primitive Indo-European * wlkwos. Many Germanic names used to and now contain the element of "wolf" (such as Wulfstan, Wolfgang, Wolfhard).

In more modern western folklore, the wolf is a terrible animal. The iconic examples of this image are the wolf and the werewolf-a person who has become a wolf through magic or curse, and a person who has been avoided and abused in the conventional society. There are three wolves in Norwegian mythology: the giant Fenrir, the eldest son of Loki and the giant Angrboda. Mr.); And Fenrir's children, Skol and Hattie, who will devour the sun and the moon in ragnar Rock.

Although the image of the wolf is usually negative, in myths, novels and reality, the wolf is considered to have adopted and raised the wild children of human beings. The most famous examples are romulus and remus, and Mowgli in The Jungle Book. In Mongolian mythology, Mongolians believe that they are descendants of a male gray wolf and a white doe. Genghis Khan, the greatest hero of the Mongols, called his people "the grey wolf tribe".

3) Strengthen international cooperation, especially with China's neighboring countries such as CIS, Mongolia, India, Afghanistan and Pakistan.

Subspecies differentiation:

Kenai Peninsula Wolf Kenai Shan Lang Wolf (extinct)

Dog Wolf (Melville Island Wolf, Arctic Wolf) Arctic Wolf.

Mexican wolf Mexican wolf

Newfoundland Wolf (extinct)

Banks island tundra wolf

Colombian wolf

Vancouver island wolf

Shan Lang Falls

hudson bay wolf

Grey wolf (Manitoba wolf) Manitoba wolf