Question 2: How to improve students' health literacy Some thoughts on improving middle school students' health literacy in an all-round way
Keywords: overall improvement; Health quality; think
Health quality is a comprehensive reflection of people's health status in a country or region. For individuals, health is the foundation of intellectual, physical and psychological development. For society, good national health is the fundamental guarantee for promoting economic development and social progress. Therefore, constantly improving the health quality of the whole nation is an important goal of China's socialist modernization, an important symbol of improving people's quality of life, an important content of socialist spiritual civilization construction and an important guarantee for sustainable economic and social development. The health quality of most students in school is the foundation of the whole nation's health quality level, which has important strategic significance. The results of the national survey of students' physical health in 2000 show that the students' physical condition is declining and their health level is not optimistic. In order to adapt to the development and changes of society, comprehensively and scientifically evaluate students' health level, promote students', parents' and even the whole society's important understanding of the concept of "health", stimulate students to actively and consciously participate in regular physical exercise, and comprehensively implement the reform of physical education curriculum, the "Standards for Students' Physical Education Health" jointly organized by the Ministry of Education and the State Sports General Administration has been officially released a few days ago and has been implemented nationwide since the new semester.
First, the characteristics of "Students' Physical Health Standards"
1. Flexible standards. In the past, the standard of reaching the standard of physical education was fixed, and one standard was used for each age group, so that students with good physical conditions had better natural grades, and students with poor physical conditions could not be reflected even if they were healthy. The new standard determines the standard of high-quality projects through a person's appearance, that is, height and weight. Different grades have different test items, and the same grade also has different standards according to different physical conditions of individuals. In this way, everyone will come up with a physical health standard that suits them, so as to better guide students to carry out physical exercise that suits them.
2. The evaluation system is more scientific. In the past, when evaluating students' physical fitness in China, students' physical performance was generally used as the evaluation standard. The new standard will be based on physical health, with a score of 100%. Scientific research has found that body shape is of great significance to human health, and the functions of human heart, blood system and respiratory system are also important signs to reflect a person's health, and are important factors to determine the length of life and the longest working life. In the new standard, body shape has become an aspect of overall evaluation, which accounts for a large proportion in the evaluation system of low-age groups, and the evaluation of function has also been listed as an important indicator.
3. Separation of teaching and examination. In the past, the standard of physical exercise was based on students' absolute achievements in specific events. In order to meet the standards and cope with the inspection by higher authorities, "exam-oriented education" has generally appeared in schools at all levels. The new standard implements management by objectives, that is, no matter how you carry out sports, as long as you meet the standards, you are qualified. For schools, the new standards provide an evaluation system. As for what and how to attend classes in physical education class, it is entirely up to the school to arrange freely according to the local climate, resources and the school's own teaching characteristics, so as to truly realize the "separation of teaching and examination" and avoid the school taking the test project as the main course.
Second, the content and test purpose of "Students' Physical Health Standard"
The Standard of Students' Physical Fitness and Health emphasizes the role of promoting students' normal physical growth and development, comprehensive and coordinated development of shape and function, comprehensively improving their physical health quality and encouraging students to actively and consciously participate in regular physical exercise. The contents of the test include: ① height/weight. Objective: To measure students' body symmetry and evaluate their growth and nutritional status. ② Step test. Objective: To test the cardiovascular function of students. ③ Vital capacity index. Objective: To test the pulmonary ventilation function of students. It refers to the total amount of gas exhaled by the human body after deep inhalation, that is, the volume of a deep breath, which is part of the dynamic process of breathing. (The quotient of the measured value of vital capacity divided by the measured value of kilogram weight on that day is the vital capacity index) ④50-meter running. Objective: To test the development level of students' speed, agility, coordination and flexibility of nervous system. ⑤ Standing long jump. Objective: To test the development level of lower limb muscle strength and body coordination ability of students. ⑥ The seated body bends forward. Objective: To test the development level of students' physical flexibility. ⑦ Grip strength/weight. Objective: To test the development level of students' upper limb muscle strength.
Third, the significance of implementing the "Students' Physical Health Standards"
1. The full implementation of the new standard is conducive to promoting people's new understanding of "health". The World Health Organization defines health as "health" > >
Question 3: How to improve people's health literacy? Xinhua must first understand the importance of health. In the era of big data, not only has health education become more scientific and targeted, but people's own access to health information has become more convenient and diverse. For example, the "66 Articles of Health Literacy" issued by the Ministry of Health before is quite instructive and operable.
It is more important to turn health literacy into effective health actions. Otherwise, the existing health knowledge will lose its meaning, and even make people blindly arrogant and lose their vigilance. In recent years, in many cities in China, yoga, which came across the ocean from India, has spontaneously become a symbol of popular culture, which is a good phenomenon.
In fact, health literacy is not only the embodiment of individual citizens' health quality, but also an important symbol of social civilization and progress. Maintaining individual health, of course, has the responsibility of * * * and society, but everyone should take health responsibility for themselves, others and society. After all, in the final analysis, only oneself is the master of health.
Question 4: How to improve the health literacy of middle school students? Only by exercising more and paying attention to the combination of work and rest can we absorb good nutrition.
Question 5: How to improve people's health literacy? Sleep or life brings me in the shadow of death.
Question 6: How to cultivate the health literacy of the elderly and popularize a healthy life? Most elderly people in China are lonely, especially those living in rural areas.
Therefore, every village should establish a community suitable for the elderly, and often do some activities to popularize some health knowledge. . .
Question 7: How to improve people's health literacy, situation and policy 1
Reduce salt intake
Use a salt spoon, and the daily salt intake should not exceed 6 grams. Try to eat less pickles, salted duck eggs, salted fish, bacon, etc. When cooking, use cold salad and boiled water more, and less braise in soy sauce. Add vinegar in moderation, and put less soy sauce and monosodium glutamate.
2
by oneself
Advocate aerobic exercise for more than 30 minutes three to five times a week. Such as jogging, brisk walking, aerobics, cycling, swimming, etc. . . It is best to exercise with family and friends. One day less driving, one stop less, one floor more. Pay attention to exercise when doing housework. Such as tummy tuck and limb stretching.
three
Balanced diet, comprehensive control
Mix meat and vegetables, and eat more fresh fruits and vegetables. Cooking methods are mainly steaming and boiling, and less frying. Often eat whole wheat bread, cereals, corn and other crude fiber foods. Reduce the intake of animal fat and sugar. Chew slowly, feel full, and don't "clean up" leftovers.
four
Control weight
Eat and exercise within your means. Don't eat before going to bed. Put weighing scale and waist ruler in the bathroom and measure them frequently (healthy waist circumference: 85cm for men and 80cm for women).
five
Restrict drinking
* * * drink, it is best not to drink. Daily drinking suggestion: male beer is less than 5 Liang. Or less than two ounces of wine. Or liquor is less than 1. Women drink half. Drinking highly alcoholic beverages is not recommended.
six
give up smoking
Obey the smoking ban in public places. Respect non-smokers. No cigarettes, no respect for cigarettes. Don't smoke at home. Actively quit smoking and seek professional help if necessary.
seven
Regular physical examination and blood pressure measurement.
Have a physical examination once a year. Blood pressure is measured regularly in high-risk groups and patients with hypertension. Encourage yourself to monitor your blood pressure at home. Follow the doctor's advice and standardize medication.
Question 8: How to improve people's health literacy? South China University of Technology Situation and Policy Examination
Question 9: How to evaluate whether a person has health literacy? 66 China citizens' health literacy.
I. Basic knowledge and ideas
1. Health is not only the absence of disease or weakness, but also a state of good physical, psychological and social adaptation.
Health is characterized by strong physique and good function of human organs; Be able to evaluate yourself correctly, cope with the pressure in life, work normally and make contributions to society; Through self-regulation, maintain the balance and coordination between individuals and the environment, society and interpersonal communication.
Everyone has the responsibility to maintain the health of themselves and others, and a healthy lifestyle can maintain and promote their own health. Everyone has the right to get their own health. They can get health and improve their quality of life by adopting and adhering to a healthy lifestyle.
3. A healthy lifestyle mainly includes four aspects: reasonable diet, moderate exercise, smoking cessation and alcohol restriction, and psychological balance. Mainly manifested in the law of life, no bad habits, personal hygiene, environmental hygiene, food hygiene, science, not superstition, usually pay attention to health care, get medical treatment in time when you are sick, and actively participate in healthy and beneficial cultural and sports activities and social activities.
4. combine work and rest, and ensure 7 ~ 8 hours of sleep every day. Regular sleep is conducive to ensuring sleep quality and maintaining health. Insufficient sleep and too long sleep are harmful to human body.
Smoking and passive smoking can lead to cancer, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and other diseases. Harmful substances in cigarettes can damage almost all organs in the body, leading to infertility, low birth weight and sudden death of newborns, cataracts, erectile dysfunction, osteoporosis, digestive tract ulcers and so on.
6. The sooner you quit smoking, the better. It's never too late to quit smoking.
Quit smoking before the age of 35, and the risk of heart disease caused by smoking is reduced by 90%. Quitting smoking before the age of 59, the probability of death within 15 years is only half that of continuing smokers. Even if you quit smoking over the age of 60, your lung cancer mortality rate is still much lower than that of continuing smokers.
7. Health food cannot replace medicine.
Health food refers to food that has specific health care function, is suitable for specific people to eat, has the function of regulating the body, and is not aimed at treating diseases.
8. Environment and health are closely related. Protect the environment and promote health.
Many human diseases are closely related to environmental pollution. Everyone has the responsibility to care for environmental sanitation and protect the environment from pollution.
9. Donate blood to help others and advocate voluntary blood donation.
Proper blood donation is safe and harmless. For healthy adults, the amount of blood collected each time is generally 200 ~ 400 ml, and the interval between two blood collections is not less than 6 months.
10. Normal blood pressure in adults is systolic blood pressure below140mmhg and diastolic blood pressure below 90mmhg; Axillary temperature is 36℃ ~ 37℃; Breathe quietly 1
6 ~ 20 times/minute; Pulse rate is 60 ~ 100 beats/min. The diagnostic criteria of hypertension are systolic blood pressure ≥140mmhg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90mmhg; The diagnosis and treatment of hypertension must be carried out by doctors.
1 1. Avoid unnecessary injection and infusion. One person must inject one needle and one tube.
Medical operations such as injection and infusion have a certain risk of spreading diseases, so you should follow the doctor's advice to treat diseases, and don't inject if you can take medicine, and don't inject if you can.
12. Workers engaged in toxic and harmful work have the right to occupational protection. The Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases clearly stipulates that workers have the right to occupational health protection according to law. Employers have the responsibility to protect workers from the health hazards of bad working environment.
13. Vaccination is the most effective and economical measure to prevent some infectious diseases.
Vaccination costs little and can effectively prevent and control the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases.
14. Tuberculosis is mainly transmitted by droplets produced by patients coughing, sneezing and talking loudly. When infectious patients cough, sneeze and talk loudly, tuberculosis will spread into the air through the ejected droplets, causing the spread of tuberculosis.
15. If you cough or expectorate for more than 2 weeks, or there is blood in the sputum, you should check whether you have tuberculosis in time. Early diagnosis of tuberculosis can improve the cure rate and reduce the possibility of transmission to others. Cough and expectoration for more than 2 weeks are usually the main symptoms of tuberculosis.
16. Most patients with pulmonary tuberculosis can be cured by regular treatment. Short-term chemotherapy for 6 ~ 8 months under direct supervision is the most important method to treat tuberculosis at present, and the most important condition for cure is to insist on taking medicine on time and in quantity throughout the whole process.
17. AIDS, hepatitis B and hepatitis C are transmitted through sexual contact, blood contact and mother-to-child contact, but not through daily life and work contact. These three diseases will not depend on air ... >>
Question 10: What major measures have been taken by countries to improve national health literacy? 1980, the National Adult Literacy Bureau (NALA) was established in Ireland, aiming at promoting adults' literacy and improving their health literacy. In 2007, Switzerland established the National Health Knowledge Popularization Alliance to improve the health knowledge level of Swiss citizens. In 20 10, the Netherlands established the National Health Literacy Alliance, which includes more than 60 member organizations such as patients, service providers, health institutions, medical insurance providers, research institutions, industry and business circles, and is committed to improving the health literacy of the people. In 20 10, IUHPE Global Health Literacy Working Group was established by the International Union for Health Promotion and Health Education. In the same year, the United States formulated the National Action Plan for Improving Health Literacy, and put forward a series of actions and goals aimed at improving the health literacy of the people.