Carrier proteins are also called vectors, permeabilities and transporters. It can combine with a specific solute and transfer the combined solute to the other side of the membrane through the change of its conformation. Some carrier proteins need energy drive, such as: various ATP-driven ion pumps; Others transport substances by free diffusion without energy, such as valinase. It should be noted here that it is called permease because it has a corresponding relationship with the transported substance and has strong specificity.
The binding of channel proteins with transported substances is weak, which can form hydrophilic channels (which can be imagined as hydrophilic pores, such as porins). When the channel is open, it can allow solute with a specific size to pass through, and its specificity is not as strong as that of carrier protein. All channel proteins are free to transport solutes without consuming energy.
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