Open classification: dance, art, leisure, life, literature and art.

Dancing Xi fen d m: o

1; Generally accompanied by music, rhythmic movements are the main means of expression.

2; dance

3; It is a kind of etiquette for ancient courtiers to make certain dance gestures when they worship the emperor.

First, what is dance?

Dance is closely related to our life. In the early morning, in the street parks of the city, groups of middle-aged and elderly people are dancing "yangko" with drums, dancing "disco" with rhythmic music, and dancing their own "fitness dance" with beautiful melody; In the evening, you can enjoy the performance of dance or ballet works in the theater, or you can go to the ballroom or get-together to dance ballroom. During the festival, you can also see folk dance performances in some parks and other tourist attractions. If you are interested and need, you can also learn ballet, folk dance and ballroom dance in various dance training classes to improve your dancing skills.

Simply put, dance is an art of human movements. However, this human movement must be refined, organized and beautified-dancing human movement. In addition, there are many kinds of arts that belong to the category of human movements, such as acrobatics, pantomime, human sculpture, rhythmic gymnastics and so on. Therefore, dance is different from other human movements in the following aspects: it takes dance movements as the main artistic expression means, focuses on people's inner spiritual world-delicate emotions, profound thoughts, distinctive personality, and contradictions and conflicts between man and nature, man and society, man and man, and man himself, and creates vivid dance images that can be perceived by people, so as to express dance writers (choreographers, dancers). In addition, In dance activities, there are usually music accompaniment, wearing specific costumes, and some dances have to hold various props. If you are performing on the stage, lighting and scenery are also indispensable. Therefore, it can also be said that dance is a plastic art with space, time and comprehensive dynamics.

Second, the characteristics of dance-what are the similarities between dance and other arts? What is the difference?

Art is a big family of human aesthetic activities, and its members include literature, fine arts, music, dance, drama, movies, folk art and acrobatics. Various arts reflect social life and express people's thoughts and feelings, but the reflection and expression of art is not the abstract reflection and expression of general concepts, but the reflection and manifestation of individual concrete images and aesthetics. The so-called aesthetic reflection and expression means that artists choose, summarize and process social life according to their own aesthetic tastes and ideals, and creatively reflect and express according to the characteristics and laws of art.

In the historical development of society, people have created various art forms. The main difference between these art forms is that they have their own material carriers and different artistic expression means. The material carrier of literature is language and writing; The material carrier of art is paper, canvas, pigment and oil painting pigment, and its main means of expression are color, line, composition and modeling; The material carrier of music is sound; The material carrier of drama is the action (performance) of people on the stage. Besides ballet, language, singing and action are the main means of expression. The material carrier of the film is to shoot people's performances on film by scientific and technological methods and project them on the screen by electro-optics; The material carrier of Quyi is the performance of one or two or three people on the stage, and its main means of expression are speaking and singing. Acrobatics and dance have the same material carrier-the human body is its main artistic expression tool, and most acrobatic varieties, like dance, are mainly expressed by human body movements, posture modeling and composition changes. Acrobatics is also a performing art, and actors also create certain roles. But unlike dance, it doesn't emphasize the development process of characters' emotions, and there are generally no plot events. But through the performance of difficult skills, it shows a general character strength of courage, perseverance and wisdom. So acrobats are more ornamental and entertaining. Dance movements in dance works should also have certain skills, and dancers should have high-level skills such as jumping, rotating, tumbling, softening and controlling. However, performing high-level skills in dance works is not an end in itself, but a means to express characters' thoughts and feelings and shape their character and mental outlook. If, in dance works, the means is the purpose, the superb skills of the actors are not based on reflecting life and expressing the thoughts and feelings of the characters, or the corresponding dance action skills are not based on the dance content, but on showing the dance skills and abilities mastered by the actors, then the dance works will fail because of the disconnection between content and form, or the lack of artistic integrity, and the dancers' own skills will fall into acrobatic skill performance and lose the basic character of dance art.

Third, the origin of dance-where does the art of dance come from?

According to the research of art historians, the earliest art produced by human beings is dance. Before the ancient language came into being, people used gestures and expressions to convey all kinds of information and exchange feelings and thoughts. After all kinds of sounds developed idioms and tones, poetry and music came into being one after another. In labor, because of making tools, people's hands gradually became dexterous, and paintings and sculptures were born. With the evolution of human beings and the improvement of thinking ability and understanding of things, Quyi, novel, drama and other arts have emerged one after another. So, as one of the oldest arts, where did dance come from?

According to the myths and legends of ancient China and ancient Greece, humans learned to dance from the Emperor of Heaven, or were inspired by the goddess in charge of dance to create dance. We know that the ancient ancestors' understanding of the concepts of God and man was not as clear as that of modern people. At that time, people often regarded some people with extraordinary talents, people beyond ordinary people's wisdom and strength, or people who made great contributions to mankind as incarnations of God or people who could communicate with God. Now we know that all kinds of gods are created by people through imagination according to their own image. It is God who created dance. In the final analysis, it is we who created dance. So, how do people create dance?

Some scholars believe that human imitation is instinct, and dance imitates the actions and habits of various wild animals with rhythmic movements. Some dances imitate the dynamic images of some natural scenery, such as the swaying of willow branches, the rolling of waves, the floating and rotating of the wind and so on. People can imitate them to dance.

Some scholars believe that imitation is important in the origin of art, but it is not the real reason. The cause of art is "the impulse of the game", and the game is the expression of repenting human nature. Games are also a sign that humans finally leave the animal kingdom. Pleasure here refers to people's aesthetic needs, that is, taking illusion as happiness. If people imitate the dance of animals, they will get happiness and vent their emotions through this imaginary game.

Some scholars believe that because primitive people can't distinguish between subjective and objective thinking, and think that everything in nature has the same soul as themselves, totem worship, primitive religion, witchcraft sacrifice and so on have emerged, and these activities are inseparable from dance, and even dance is the main content and the most important means of expression of witchcraft activities. So some people assert that "all dances are religious".

Many scholars regard the reproduction of the next generation as a very important thing for primitive people to survive, and dance is the main way and means of mate selection, marriage proposal and love training, so they think that dance originated from sexual activities. However, some scholars believe that dance not only expresses people's love, people's intense emotions, but also expresses important emotions and activities in people's lives. No other artistic behavior can mobilize and inspire all mankind like dance. In the ancient Chinese music and dance theory, there are: "moving in the middle and doing what you say, sighing if it is insufficient;" Lament its lack, so sing it; I can't sing, but I can't dance with my hands. This also vividly shows that dance is the product of expressing people's most exciting emotions.

Many scholars in our country advocate the theory that dance originated from labor, because labor is the first need for human survival and development, and it also creates people themselves, separates people from the animal kingdom and creates human society. In primitive dance, hunting, planting and all kinds of labor and life occupy the largest proportion.

We believe that all the above theories about the origin of dance have some truth, but they are not complete and comprehensive, because dance activity is a social phenomenon in human life, and its origin is not single, like the composition of everything in the world, but there are many factors, so people advocate the "labor synthesis theory", that is, dance originated from the needs of human survival, development, labor practice and other life practices. In detail, dance originated from the simulated reproduction of labor production (hunting measures, farming), sex, fitness, combat training and other activities in pursuit of survival and development in ancient times, as well as the needs of totem worship, witchcraft religious sacrifice activities and the expression of their inner impulses. Combining with poetry and music is one of the earliest art forms in human history.

4. What kinds of dances are there?

Art is made up of different kinds of art. As one of the arts, dance is also a very broad world, and it is also composed of different kinds, styles and styles of dances. According to its function and purpose, dance can be divided into two categories: life dance and artistic dance. Life dance is a dance activity that people carry out for their own life needs; Artistic dance is a dance for the audience to enjoy.

Life dance includes: custom dance, religious sacrifice dance, social dance, self-entertainment dance, sports dance, educational dance and so on.

Folk dance, also known as festival dance, is a variety of mass dance activities held by many ethnic groups in China on festive festivals such as weddings, funerals, planting and harvest. In these dance activities, the customs, social features, cultural traditions and national personality characteristics of various ethnic groups are all shown.

Religion and sacrificial dance are the dance forms of religion and sacrificial activities. Mainly used to pray for the protection of the gods, drive away disasters and diseases, turn evil into good, prosper people and animals, harvest crops, or thank the gods for their gifts; Sacrificial dance is a ritual dance form to sacrifice ancestors. In the past, people used to express their memory of their ancestors or hope that their ancestors and gods would bless them.

Social dance is a kind of dance activity that people engage in social communication, enhance friendship and connect their feelings. Generally, it refers to all kinds of ballroom dancing at the dance. In addition, the mass dance activities carried out by many ethnic minorities in various festivals in China are mostly social activities for young men and women to exchange freely and choose their spouses. So it can also be said that it is a social dance of all ethnic groups.

Self-entertainment dance is a dance activity with the sole purpose of self-entertainment. Use dance to express and vent one's inner emotional impulses, so as to obtain the full satisfaction of aesthetic pleasure.

Sports dance is a new dance that combines dance and sports, exercises the body in an artistic and aesthetic way, and makes the body and mind develop in an all-round and healthy way. For example, various fitness dances, rhythmic gymnastics, discos for middle-aged and elderly people, ice dances and water dances, as well as sword dances, knife dances, pictographic boxing symbolizing various animals and specific images, and Wuqinxi in China traditional martial arts.

Educational dance refers to the aesthetic dance activities in schools and kindergartens, which can play a subtle role in cultivating and beautifying people's thoughts, feelings and moral sentiments, cultivating people's unity and friendship, strengthening etiquette and improving physical and mental health.

Artistic dance refers to artistic creation by professional or amateur dancers through observation, experience, analysis, concentration, generalization and imagination of social life, thus creating dance works with distinctive themes, rich emotions, complete forms and typical artistic images, which are performed by a few people on the stage or square for the masses to watch. Due to the variety of artistic dances, they can be roughly divided into three categories according to different artistic characteristics.

The first category, according to different styles and characteristics of dance, includes: classical dance, folk dance, modern dance, modern dance and ballet.

Classical dance: based on national folk dance, it has been refined, sorted, processed and created by professional workers in past dynasties and passed down through long-term artistic practice. It is considered to be a dance with certain demonstration significance and classical style characteristics. Many countries and nations in the world have their own unique styles of classical dance. European classical dance generally refers to ballet.

Folk dance: it is a dance form created, accumulated and developed by the broad masses in the long historical process and widely circulated among the masses. It directly reflects people's thoughts, feelings, ideals and aspirations. Due to the differences in people's life and work style, historical and cultural mentality, customs and natural environment in different countries, nationalities and regions, different national styles and local characteristics have been formed.

Modern dance: it is a dance genre that rose in Europe and America at the end of the 9th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Its main aesthetic point of view is to oppose the formalistic tendency of classical ballet at that time, which was conformist, divorced from real life and simply pursuing skills; It is advocated to get rid of the shackles of the rigid movement procedure of classical ballet, and to express the true feelings of people freely with dance movements that conform to the laws of natural movement, and it is emphasized that dance art should reflect modern social life.

Modern dance (new dance): a new dance style different from the above three styles. It is often based on the needs of expressing content and shaping characters, eclectic, drawing on and absorbing dance expression means and methods of various styles and dance schools, and eclectic for our use, thus creating a unique new dance style different from the various dance styles that have been formed.

Ballet: It is a highly stylized theater dance, refined and processed by professional dancers in the court. The word "ballet" was originally a transliteration of the French word "ballet", which means "jumping" or "dancing". Its original meaning is only the floorboard of actions with legs and feet as moving parts. In order to rebuild Gu Xi's dramatic ideal of integrating poetry, music and dance, French court dance masters created "ballet", which is a comprehensive dance drama form integrating dance movements, pantomime gestures, facial expressions, theatrical costumes, music accompaniment, literary scripts, stage lighting and scenery. It has dominated the western theater dance art for more than 300 years and has been more than four centuries. It has been more than forty years since 1958 was established and introduced to ballets russes.

The second category, according to the characteristics of dance forms, includes: solo dance, duet, threesome dance, group dance, song and dance, musical, dance drama and so on.

Solo dance is a dance performed by a person to complete a theme, which is often used to directly express the thoughts and feelings of the characters and reveal their inner world.

Double dance, two people perform the same theme dance. It is often used to directly express the communication between characters' thoughts and feelings, and to show the relationship between characters.

Three people dance, three people perform together to complete a theme dance. According to its content, it can be divided into three different types: expressing a single emotion and an obvious plot, and expressing dramatic conflicts between characters.

Group dance, any dance with more than four people can be called group dance. Generally speaking, it is to express a general complex or to shape the image of the group. Through the change and transformation of dance formation and pictures, as well as the development of dance movements, postures and shapes with different speeds, strengths and amplitudes, a profound poetic artistic conception is created, which has strong artistic appeal.

Group dance is a relatively large dance work composed of several dances. Each dance is relatively independent, but it is unified in the same theme and complete artistic conception.

Song and dance is a form of artistic performance that combines singing and dancing. It is characterized by being good at singing and dancing, being good at both lyricism and narration, and being able to express the complex and delicate thoughts and feelings of the characters and a wide range of life contents.

Musical drama is a comprehensive performance form with song and dance as the main artistic expression means to express the drama content.

Dance drama is a dance work with dance as the main artistic expression means, which combines music and stage art (clothing, scenery, lighting, props) to express certain drama content.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) dance appreciation

Dance appreciation is a kind of spiritual activity when people watch dance performances, and it is the whole process of feeling, experiencing and understanding dance works. So it is essentially a cognitive activity. But it is different from the general cognitive activity, but a special cognitive activity of dance works. Dance appreciation refers to the audience's understanding of social life, characters' thoughts and feelings and dancers' aesthetic evaluation of this life phenomenon through the dance images created in dance works. In the process of appreciating dance works, the audience will often connect with their own life experiences, arouse emotional resonance and arouse relevant impressions and experiences in memory. As well as a series of imaginative thinking activities such as imagination and association, to enrich and supplement the dance image in the dance works and make it more complete, vivid and distinctive. Therefore, we can experience a broader life content and profound ideological implications in the process of watching dance works.

People who appreciate this aesthetic activity must have certain subjective conditions, that is, they must have certain dance knowledge, dance appreciation level and cognitive ability, so that dance appreciation activities can be carried out normally and smoothly. This is just as Marx said: "If you want to enjoy art, you must be an artistic person." "Only music can arouse people's sense of music; The most beautiful music is meaningless to the ear that does not dispute melody, and music is not its object ... "Therefore, it is necessary for us to understand the characteristics of dance art, the relationship between dance and other arts, the various factors that constitute the dance image, and the production process of dance image. As we said before, dance is an art that expresses people's feelings and thoughts and reflects social life with exquisite, organized and beautified human movements as the main means of expression. Judging from the sensory characteristics of dance works that attract viewers, it is a performing art that combines hearing (temporality) and vision (spaciousness). dance

Healthy Fashion: Understanding aerobic dance

1, aerobic dance

Aerobic dance is an aerobic exercise, dancing rhythmically to the music. On the one hand, aerobic dance can consume more calories, on the other hand, he can do many dance movements in aerobics, and practice repeatedly or in combination through aerobic aerobics. Aerobic dance's movements are not as exhausting as aerobic exercise. Aerobic dance has various styles, and his music is closely combined with dance, which can make people happy while exercising, and at the same time improve their comprehensive abilities of creation, imagination, expression and artistic accomplishment.

2. Popular aerobic dance species.

According to the different characteristics of action and music, aerobic dance can be divided into many styles of aerobic dance, such as aerobic dance, hip hop, funk and salsa. Aerobic dance appeared in China in many styles, such as fan dance. You don't have to go to a dance classroom to dance aerobic dance. You can dance at home and choreograph according to your age, which gives you more freedom.

3. aerobic dance-Latin style

The earliest aerobic dance had aerobic dance in Latin dance style, such as aerobic dance in jazzaerobics style; Later, salsaaerobics appeared, which is also a fast Latin dance style in aerobic dance, and absorbed many styles such as mambo, cha-cha, tango and samba. These aerobic dance are characterized by a lot of hip movements and graceful movements.

4, funk, hip-hop style aerobic dance.

Aerobic dance of funk and hiphop has a great relationship with the music of funk and hiphop. They are cheerful and make people feel eager to try. Funk and hiphop are aerobic dance, with free dance and black dance styles. Easy, free and changeable movements can improve the coordination of exercisers and achieve the purpose of fitness. After funk and hiphop, people were very happy. So this kind of aerobic dance is very popular with young people.

5. Curriculum characteristics of aerobic dance.

(1) warm-up stretching (05- 10 minutes)

(2) aerobic dance content (20-40 minutes): jazz, salsa, funk and hiphop content.

(3) Special dance practice (05- 10 minutes): abdomen, buttocks, arms, waist, buttocks, legs or other strength.

(4) Relaxation and stretching (5- 10 minutes)

Depending on the students' situation, courses may include learning courses, creative courses and performance courses.

6. aerobic dance's injury.

According to the survey, the most vulnerable parts in aerobic dance are tibia, foot, back, knee and ankle.

What is the main cause of aerobic dance's injury?

The main causes of sports injuries in aerobic dance are excessive exercise and sprained foot. Ligament strain, etc

What are the internal and external causes of aerobic dance's injury?

External causes: clothing and shoes problems, warm-up activities, relaxation, insufficient stretching, action problems, poor coaching methods, etc.

Internal causes: insufficient dancing skills, insufficient adjustment, too tight legs, weak hips, and eagerness to achieve success.

● What are the main methods to prevent aerobic dance from being injured?

External factors, you can wear clothes and shoes suitable for sports, get ready for activities, relax, fully stretch, and follow a good coach.

In view of the internal factors, we can: choose the courses that suit us, don't rush for success, and pay attention to the improvement of our basic physical fitness.

China's Ancient Dance Works

China has a very rich dance heritage, and there are many famous dance works in ancient times. Only some of the above-mentioned dance works can be said to be famous in history. Here are just a few representative dances for a brief introduction.

First, Dawu is a music and dance work created by the Zhou Dynasty to praise the victory of King Wu, which belongs to one of the "Six Dances". * * * is divided into six sections: (1) After the drums, the dance team came from the north, and the dancers lined up with weapons to show their determination to cut the week with songs. (2) On both sides of the dance team, someone asked Zhen Duo to convey the military orders, and then the dance team was divided into two lines, making fierce stabbing movements and moving forward while dancing, indicating that the business was ruined. (3) Going south after destroying the business. (4) shows that the territory of the south has been stable. (5) The dance team is divided into two lines, indicating that the Duke of Zhou is on the left and Zhao Gong is on the right, assisting the reign of the King of Zhou. Then, after all kinds of complex formations were changed in an orderly way to form a neat team style, the dancers all sat down and held a quiet scene with a low posture, indicating that the country was well governed. (6) The dance team regrouped and arranged neatly to show respect for the King of Zhou. The whole dance is over.

2. Star Dance (also called "Elephant Teaching Field") is a music and dance dedicated to Hou Ji in the Han Dynasty. The dance, performed by sixteen boys and girls, shows the life of labor such as reclamation, cultivation, weeding, bird repelling, harvesting, threshing and chaff raising, in order to commemorate and praise the contribution of Hou Ji parishioners in farming.

3. "Encouragement" (also known as "seven-disc dance") is a highly technical dance in the Han Dynasty. Dancers bend over and kick drums at different rhythms on seven drum groups, sometimes leaping in the air, sometimes kneeling on the ground, skillfully stopping drums with their toes, and rubbing the drum surface with their bodies in a downward posture. Agile drum action, light dance steps, posture and state scheduling, closely combined with music, show a profound artistic conception.

Four, "East China Sea Huang Gong" is a corner play performed by two people with certain plots and personalities in the Han Dynasty, which mainly shows the story of the struggle between man and tiger with actions. According to "Miscellanies of Xijing": "There are people from the East China Sea, Huang Gong. When he was young, he could fight snakes and tigers. He wore a gold knife, tied his hair crimson, walked in clouds, and sat in the mountains and rivers. And aging, physical exhaustion, excessive drinking, can not restore its operation. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, a white tiger was found in the East China Sea, and Huang Gong hated its red knife. Because the operation was not good, it was killed by a tiger. "

Five, "Sword" is a widely circulated performance dance in the Tang Dynasty, and it is a solo dance by women in uniform. Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, recorded his feelings of watching this dance in "Watching Disciples Dance Sword": "Many years ago, there was a beautiful Gongsun who danced with her dagger and attracted her from all directions. The audience is like a mountain lost between them, and the world moves back and forth with her movements. It's like shooting for nine days, as fast as an angel in front of the dragon's wings. She began to be like a thunderbolt, venting its anger and ending the shining calm like rivers and seas. ..... "It can be seen from the description in the poem that" this dance has jumps, gyrations, changes, rapid advance and rapid retreat, crisp beginning and end, and clear rhythm; Or suddenly, or suddenly, moving like lightning and thunder, amazing and thrilling, like rivers and seas, clear and concise. "

Sixthly, "Hu Xuan Dance" is a folk dance in Guo Kang in Tang Dynasty. Dance is dominated by rotation, hence the name Hu Xuanwu. Bai Juyi's Hu Shi vividly describes the characteristics of this dance: "Hu, Hu, the heart is the string and the hand is the drum." Double sleeves and drums, snow fluttering and dancing. The left and right hands never tire of turning, and thousands of turns are endless. Nothing is like human beings, and it is too late to run the wheels. " From this poem, we can see that Hu's dance movements and gestures and her inner feelings are closely combined with the melody and rhythm of accompaniment. When she rotates, her sleeves are lifted, light as snowflakes and dancing like grass in the wind. Her rotation, sometimes to the left and sometimes to the right, seems to be tireless forever. It is difficult to tell the face from the body in thousands of rotations. The speed of rotation seems to exceed the speed of speeding wheels and whirlwinds.

Seven, "Step on the Ballad Mother" is a popular folk song and dance drama in the Tang Dynasty. According to Cui's "Jiao Fangji", "There was a man surnamed Su in the Northern Qi Dynasty, who was not an official and was a famous doctor; Indulge in drinking and hitting his wife every time he gets drunk. A wife was very sad and complained to her neighbor. When people do this. Husband wears women's clothes and walks in to sing; Each stack, others chorus and cloud,' step on a rumor, come on! "Come on!" Because it steps and sings, it is called' stepping on rumors'; It is called injustice, so it is bitter. When my husband arrives, he will fight and think he is laughing. "From this record, we can know that" Stepping on a Ballad Mother "is a satirical musical adapted from the true story of Beiqi. With different personalities and certain contradictions, composers have distinct emotional attitudes and ideological tendencies. According to legend, this musical was staged at a palace banquet and performed by folk artists in the street, which shows that it is a very popular musical with both refined and popular tastes.