General situation of Qitaihe River
historical development
Historical brief introduction Qitaihe area was the territory of the ancestors of the northern part of the motherland as early as Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties. At that time, both Su Shenren and Suoli people who lived in Heilongjiang Province paid tribute to the Central Plains. Su Shen changed his name several times and didn't change it until the Tang Dynasty. In 698 AD, the people in the late Soviet Union established Bohai State, a local political power in the Tang Dynasty. In its heyday, it governed 62 states in Beijing, 15, and Qitaihe was under the jurisdiction of Tieli government, located in Delingha Town (now yilan county). After Bohai was destroyed by Qidan, Qidan was renamed Liao in 947. Liao set up five departments along the Songhua River to the mouth of Wusuli River, and the Qitaihe area was under the jurisdiction of Yueliji (now yilan county), the head city of the five departments. 1 1 15 years, the gold destroyed Liao. The highest administrative division of Jin is Lu (equivalent to the province), and Qitaihe belongs to Huligelu (the road address is in the area of Yilan Town today). After the Mongol khanate destroyed the gold, Kublai Khan named the country Yuan in 127 1 year. Yuan initiated the provincial system, which consists of roads, prefectures, prefectures and counties. Yuan established Huli Zhifu in today's yilan county to govern Qitaihe area. 1409 (the seventh year of Yongle in the Ming dynasty) established the provincial-level military and political organization Nur Division in Heilongjiang and Songhua River basins in the Ming Dynasty, which consisted of Wei and Suo. Qitaihe is under the jurisdiction of Wei (now the junction of Yilan and huanan county). 1644 years later, the Qing Dynasty successively set up in Yilan Hala (now translated into Chinese in yilan county), with the prefect, prefect and Daoyamen, and the Qitaihe area was under the jurisdiction of the three surnames. 19 18 (7 years of the Republic of China) On September 15, Boli County Office was formally established, including today's Qitaihe area, which belongs to Yilan Road. 1929, the orthodoxy was abolished and Boli County was under the jurisdiction of Zhili Province. 193 1 year, Japanese imperialism invaded northeast China, 1934 (the first year of pseudo-Kant), Boli County was placed under the jurisdiction of Sanjiang Province. 1June, 943 (pseudo-Kant 10), Dongman General Province was established, and Boli County was placed under the jurisdiction of Dongman General Province. 1945, after the victory of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the northeast was divided into 9 provinces, and Boli County was under the jurisdiction of Hejiang Province. 1949, after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Songjiang, Hejiang and Mudanjiang provinces were successively merged into Songjiang province, and Heilongjiang and Nenjiang provinces were merged into Heilongjiang province. 1In August, 954, Heilongjiang and Songjiang provinces were merged into Heilongjiang Province, and Boli County was placed under the jurisdiction of Hejiang District of Heilongjiang Province. From 65438 to 0958, the state began to mine Qitaihe Coalfield (formerly called Boli Coalfield) on a large scale, and the first private railway built in Boli County was completed and opened to traffic. These two events have brought great vitality to Qitaihe, a remote mountainous area under the jurisdiction of Boli County for a long time. Due to the rapid development of economy and society and the sharp increase of population, in March 1965, with the approval of the State Council, Qitaihe Town in Boli County was abolished and Qitaihe Special Zone (county level) was established, which was directly under the jurisdiction of Hejiang District. 1 April, 9701Change the SAR into a county-level city, with the same affiliation. In June, 1983 and 1 1 were upgraded to provincial cities. At the same time, the two townships of Boli County and Baoqing County, Hongwei and Lanfeng, were placed under the jurisdiction of qitaihe city. (Sun Haihong)
geological
Location and Region qitaihe city is located in the east of Heilongjiang Province, south of Jiamusi, west of Wandashan, east longitude 130 to 13 1 44' and north latitude 45 to 46 37'. Baoqing County and Mishan City in the east, yilan county in the west, Jidong County and linkou county in the south and Huanan in the north. The east-west length is130km, and the north-south length is 80km, with a total area of 622 1 km2, of which the urban area is1767km2.
aster
Mineral Resources qitaihe city is rich in mineral resources, including coal, graphite, gold, marble and limestone. The coal resources are unique, the coalfield stretches for hundreds of kilometers, the total coal-bearing area is 7200 square kilometers, and the total thickness of coal-bearing strata is 2500-3700 meters. The coal reserves are 65.438+0.7 billion tons, and the prospective reserves are 3.7 billion tons. With complete coal types, large reserves and high quality, it is listed as one of the three protective mining coalfields in China. It is an important main coking coal and anthracite production base in Heilongjiang Province.
Land resources The total land area of the city is 622 1 km2, of which the cultivated land area is 1.965 km2, accounting for 31.6% of the total land area of the city; Woodland covers an area of 3,273 square kilometers, accounting for 52.6% of the total land area; Grassland is 53 square kilometers, accounting for 0.9% of the total land area; Urban villages and industrial and mining land are 2 14 square kilometers, accounting for 3.4% of the total land area; The traffic land is 75 square kilometers, accounting for1.2% of the total land area; Water area 163 km2, accounting for 2.6% of the total land area. (Liu) According to
Forest resources * * * There are 300,474 hectares of forest land in the city, with a forest coverage rate of 48.2%, which is higher than that of the whole country (16.55%) and the whole province (4 1.9%). The total volume of forest standing trees is 168 17 153 cubic meters, of which 17 state-owned forest farms have 4.577 million cubic meters of natural standing trees and the city's artificial standing trees have 4.34 million cubic meters. There are more than 90 families 1000 species of tree species, and the main high-quality wood are Korean pine, larch, Mongolian pine, linden, birch and oak.
Qitaihe forest region is one of the areas with rich soil natural resources in mountainous areas. There are more than 300 kinds of wild vegetables and medicinal plants such as Pteridium aquilinum, Codonopsis pilosula, Platycodon grandiflorum, Acanthopanax senticosus and Schisandra chinensis in the vast forest areas and hilly areas of Shan Ye, and more than 40 kinds are edible and exploitable. These wild vegetables are regarded as "delicious food" and "natural pollution-free green food". There are more than 800 kinds of rare wild animals such as deer, bear, roe deer and pheasant, and more than 200 kinds of bird resources. (Ailijuan)
There are 17 basic types and 35 resource entities in qitaihe city. Among them, there are 2 types of landscapes, 2 types of waterscapes, 7 types of historic buildings, and 2 types of leisure, knowledge, fitness and shopping. In terms of types, tourism resources such as agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishing grounds, biological fossils, parks, ancient cities, ancient city ruins and lakes have considerable development value. Scenic spots (spots) have been formed, including Jixinghe Reservoir Scenic Spot, Shilongshan Reservoir Scenic Spot, Wanbaoshan Ski Resort, Wanbaohu Children's Park, Taoshan Park, Xiandong Hill Park and Hongxing Forest Farm West Great Circle Forest Park (including Red Canyon Rafting, Wolong Peak Rock Climbing and Primitive Forest Exploration). The scenic spots (spots) to be developed include Shilongshan Natural Landscape Protection Area, Taoshan Lake Dam Tourist Resort, Glass Jixing Forest Park, Glass Rice Race, etc. The development and construction of the tourist resort under Taoshan Lake Dam can form urban tourist routes with Xiandong Hill Park, Wanbao Mountain Ski Resort, Wanbao Lake Children's Park and Taoshan Park, and meet the tourism needs of qitaihe city citizens and overseas tourists. Several forest parks in Boli have their unique advantages in developing tourism, especially eco-tourism, with complete types of forest and animal and plant resources. Tourism projects that can carry out sightseeing, forest bathing, mountaineering, hunting and other activities have become ideal places for forest scientific investigation, amusement and leisure. After improving the supporting construction, Blimeysey can not only become a patriotic education base and tourist attractions, but also form a tourist route with sightseeing value with the existing scenic spots such as Jixinghe Reservoir and Qingsongling Forest Park. (Qi Jinfeng)
Climate Resources qitaihe city is located in a temperate humid climate zone and belongs to a continental monsoon climate. The four seasons are distinct, and the precipitation distribution in each season is uneven. The winter is long, dry and cold, the summer is short, warm and rainy, the climate is changeable in spring and autumn, the temperature rises quickly in spring, the wind is strong and there is little rain and drought, the temperature drops quickly in autumn, and it is early in first frost. The annual average temperature is 4.5℃, the Leng Yue (1 month) average temperature is-16.3℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is -34.8℃. The average temperature in the hottest month (July) is 22.3℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 38.6℃, the annual average frost-free period is 169 days, the annual average precipitation is 505.2 mm, the annual average sunshine hours are 2454.8 hours, and the accumulated temperature is ≥ 10℃ and 2690.7℃. The precipitation from May to September accounts for 83% of the annual precipitation, and the precipitation from July to September accounts for 57% of the annual precipitation. Water and heat are in the same season, and the temperature difference between day and night is large. (Yu Heng)
Annual climate
Generally speaking, the annual average temperature is 4.2℃, which is 0. 1℃ lower than that in previous years (close to the historical average). The annual extreme maximum temperature is 35. 1℃, which appears on June 25th, and the number of days ≥30℃ is 19, which mainly appears in June and July. The total annual precipitation is 4 17.8 mm, less than in previous years 104438+0 mm. The sunshine hours in the whole year were 2379. 1 hour, 205.9 hours more than in previous years. The frost-free period is 149 days. (Yu Heng)
meteorological elements
Table of Meteorological Elements in qitaihe city in 200 1 year
project
time
average temperature
℃
polar altitude
Temperature (℃)
Extremely low
Temperature (℃)
deposit
(mm)
maximum wind speed
(m/s)
mean wind speed
(m/s)
Annual 4.235.1-35.9417.817.03.5
January-20.7-5.3-35.9 4.310.02.9
February-15.02.7-29.40.413.04.0
March -5.5 8.4 -23.2 42.3 12.7 3.7
April 7.7 24.1-4.21.411.7 3.9
May15.131.83.650.713.03.7
June19.635.17.143.517.03.3
July 22.9 33.815.1kloc-0/58.014.7 3.0
August 21.130.910.142.58.02.7
September14.631.20.0 26.9 8.7 3.2
1October 7.6 22.7 -6.3 28.7 10.0 3.2
1 1 month-2.513.1-18.37.510.03.7
1Feb-14.0-5.9-22.21.614.34.1
Ethnic composition
In 200 1 year, there are 23 ethnic groups in qitaihe city. Except Han nationality, there are 22 ethnic minorities, with a total population of 6 1494, accounting for 7.8% of the city's total population. Among them, there are 43,803 Manchu, accounting for 71.2% of the total population of ethnic minorities; Korean1165 people, accounting for18.1%of the total population of ethnic minorities; 2 134 Hui people, accounting for 3.5% of the total population of ethnic minorities; Mongolian 1888, accounting for 3.09% of the total population of ethnic minorities; There are 248 tin platinum people, accounting for 0.44% of the total population of ethnic minorities. There are five ethnic minorities, 100 people. Other ethnic groups are Tujia, Miao, Zhuang, Buyi, Yi, Uygur, Oroqen, Hezhe and Tibetan. (Xu Chengfa)
(Note: The above figures are before the fifth population census)
human population
Basic situation of population
Population-based information table
Unit: household, person
Refers to the total number of households, total population and total population.
Count men and women as non-agricultural population
human population
agricultural production
human population
Stay at the residence.
Hu Ren kou
The whole city
1, municipal district
Xinxing district
Taoshan district
Qiezihe district
2. Boli County
County governs city.
Nongcun village
270759
157904
64564
5 1 10
42240
1 12855
63589
49266
8663 17
492 169
202488
149830
13985 1
374 148
202630
17 158
445853
256297
104800
7696 1
74536
189556
102289
8767
420464
235872
97688
72869
653 15
184592
10034 1
8425 1
430 129
320385
144 1 12
130598
45675
109744
93534
162 10
379762
1206 12
24925
8864
86823
259 150
106944
152206
56426
5 1 172
3345 1
10368
7353
5254
2 152
3 102
Natural population change
The population will naturally change
Unit: person
Refers to the average population, number of births and birth rate.
(‰)
Death toll
(‰)
accrual
Have a large number
natural growth rate
(‰)
The whole city
1, municipal district
Xinxing district
Taoshan district
Qiezihe district
2. Boli County
864785
49 1844
203656
148566
139622
37294 1
5639
3527
15 18
89 1
1 1 18
2 1 12
6.52
7. 17
7.45
6.00
8.0 1
5.66
3950
238 1
1049
729
603
1569
4.57
4.84
5. 15
4.9 1
4.32
4.2 1
1689
1 146
469
162
5 15
543
1.95
2.33
2.30
1.09
3.69
1.45
administrative division
List of administrative divisions in qitaihe city
(200165438+30 February)
Total of the whole city: 3 municipal districts, 1 county, 9 towns, 6 townships, 2 ethnic townships and 26 sub-district offices.
Xinxing district hongqi town Xinjian sub-district office Xincheng sub-district office Xinli sub-district office Beishan sub-district office
Xinghua sub-district office Henan sub-district office Gangyaogou sub-district office Xinhe sub-district office Yuexiu sub-district office Xin 'an sub-district office
Taoshan district wanbaohe town Taoxi sub-district office Tao Dong sub-district office Taonan sub-district office Taobei sub-district office
Taoshan sub-district office Xinggang sub-district office
Qiezihe District Qiezihe Town Hongwei Town Tieshan Township Zhongxinhe Township Xinfu Sub-district Office Dongfeng Sub-district Office Xiangyang Sub-district Office Longhu Sub-district Office Fuqiang Sub-district Office
Boli County Boli Town Woken Town Shuanghe Town Xiaowuzhan Town Dasi Station Town Yongheng Township Jixing Korean Manchu Township Xingshu Korean Township Qiangken Township Changxing Township Qingshan Township Tiexi Sub-district Office Chengxi Sub-district Office Yuanming Sub-district Office
Xinhua sub-district office Qi Xin sub-district office