After earthquakes, tsunamis and other disasters, disaster areas often face serious humanitarian crises, the most serious of which is food shortage. At this time, many emergency food for disaster relief will enter the disaster area and become the darling of news reports. The two most common foods are instant noodles and compressed biscuits, both of which have a * * * nature: convenient and fast food. Instant noodles can be cooked in hot water, while compressed biscuits don't even need hot water. They can be eaten dry or with a little water.
Compared with instant noodles, compressed biscuits have a higher priority in emergency food for disaster relief, because they don't need much water, and clean water is often the most scarce material in disaster relief. This also applies to the battlefield. Compressed biscuits are also a very common food in military rations, and together with various self-heating military rations and energy bars, they constitute an indispensable energy source for military forces in various countries.
According to the book "Calories and protein Intake" published by the World Health Organization, a healthy adult needs to consume 1800 to 2340 calories a day, and the specific situation varies from person to person; The absolute poverty line defined by the World Bank is 2 150 calories per person per day. Therefore, it can be considered that the line of 2000 calories is the baseline of the calories that normal people need to provide for food intake in one day.
Generally speaking, a bowl of100g rice can only provide 1 16 calories. If you eat only to supplement calories, then a person needs to eat 2 kilograms of rice a day to meet basic needs. If we consider the problem of balanced nutrition, we can take China's 09 and 13 rations as the benchmark. The calorie of Type 09 ration is 4,560 kilojoules, which is about 1 100 calories, which is equivalent to half of one person's daily calorie intake. 13 store can provide 4,000 to 6,000 kilojoules of heat, that is, between 950 kcal and 1400 kcal. According to this data, two rations, 09 or 13, can meet a person's daily calorie demand.
And one 100g compressed biscuit can provide far more calories than rice, reaching the level of 460 calories. Simply put, eating 500 grams of compressed biscuits can achieve the calories provided by eating 2 kilograms of rice. The weight of a 09-style canteen is about 300 grams, while that of a 13-style canteen is 320 grams. Only in terms of energy density, compressed biscuits are comparable to or even slightly better than these two types of grocery stores.
It should also be considered that, compared with these two kinds of rations, compressed biscuits are more suitable for eating during marching, and are more suitable for serving as a heat supply for soldiers in some cases where urgent marching or emergency dispatch is needed. At the same time, compressed biscuits have another advantage, that is, they can provide a longer satiety. The feeling of fullness directly affects the efficiency of soldiers' combat, and only when they are full can they have combat effectiveness. Even considering the sharp increase of soldiers' heat consumption in wartime, the extra transportation of compressed biscuits will not bring great pressure to logistics.
Seriously, compressed biscuits are really not delicious. In 79, we first came into contact with this kind of thing in the Vietnam War, and each person had four pieces, called 70 1 compressed biscuits. Later, the soldiers complained that they couldn't bite, and it became 76 1, which was slightly better, but it was still like this, but it was just a war, mainly a small convenience zone. It would be nice to have these things at that time, and they were also the painstaking efforts of the people of the motherland.
As a child of a soldier, compressed biscuits are the capital you can show off in front of your friends when you are young.
I remember every time my father went out to sea, he would bring me some compressed biscuits and canned meat when he came back. Because that's all their allowance for going to sea, he brought it back to me if he didn't want to eat it.
How hungry are compressed biscuits?
Compressed biscuits are high-calorie and high-protein foods, which can meet people's energy needs in a day. But also small in size, convenient to carry and easy to store. Nowadays, compressed biscuits are all wrapped in tin foil, and there was a layer of oil paper in the previous compressed biscuits. This will help compressed biscuits not go bad even in harsh environment. So are you hungry for compressed biscuits? I don't think compressed biscuits are hungry, because:
Therefore, I think compressed biscuits are not full, but are designed to be portable, small in size, light in weight and easy to store, which can meet people's normal energy needs under extreme conditions. If you want to eat enough, you need to drink more water after meals, but that will make your stomach swell and easily cause stomach acid.
Compressed biscuits are made of puffed powder, sugar, peanut oil, salt, sesame seeds and water, which are crisp and not easy to be softened by water absorption.
It is suitable for long-term storage and transportation because it is sterilized at high temperature and high pressure during expansion. It is sanitary and convenient to pack in plastic bags. Compressed biscuit is a kind of portable food specially prepared according to the nutritional components needed by human body every day.
Generally, compressed biscuits are about 100g, and the calories are 450-500 kcal, which is about 100- 150 kcal higher than a meal (2 rice, some vegetables and meat). Compressed biscuits can be eaten dry, but it is better to eat compressed biscuits with a sip of water. According to the actual situation, you can be hungry for 3-4 hours by eating one and a half packs at a time.
If you were asked to prepare the same food and walk for three days, what would you choose? Of course, in addition to water, some netizens shouted: That's impossible. Hiking originally requires physical strength, and now there is almost no food. I guess I haven't reached my destination yet, and I starved to death halfway. So I'm telling you now, there is something powerful enough to make you feel full after eating for half a day. Has anyone guessed? Yes, they are compressed biscuits.
It is estimated that many people have eaten compressed biscuits, which have excellent hunger resistance, are light and easy to carry, and are packed in plastic. They are sanitary and convenient. They are essential for traveling and can supplement physical strength well. We all know that compressed biscuits are hard. You can't bite with bad teeth, but it tastes fragrant and crisp. Take a bite and chew slowly in your mouth, which will really make people memorable. I remember that when there was a physical education class or a physical examination, the compressed biscuits in the small supermarket in the school would be sold out because they were too hungry.
Small body, but hidden energy, what is the composition of compressed biscuits? I believe everyone is curious. In fact, its main raw materials are oil, dairy products, wheat flour and sugar. It is estimated that fitness and weight loss partners can't help shivering when they see the naked word "oil". After eating oil, you will gain weight and add a little hungry food such as nuts and dried fruits. Compressed together, it will be more resistant to hunger and have high nutritional value. The moisture content of compressed biscuits is extremely low, so a bottle of water should be prepared when eating. Drier than ordinary biscuits. You'd better moisten your throat before eating, otherwise it will be difficult to swallow it directly, and it will get stuck in your throat in minutes.
In fact, compressed biscuits are divided into military and domestic. At first, it was used as emergency food in long-term navigation or war. Later, the equipment for making biscuits was developed, and the compressed biscuits were continuously improved, gradually spreading all over the country and being loved by many children.
Speaking of compressed biscuits, some people may feel it. At that time, I survived the hard times by it. Many people left their homes and went to a strange city to work hard. Some people are too busy to even have time to eat. Some people can't even afford to eat. At this time, they can only eat a compressed biscuit to satisfy their hunger. It's really the sorrow of a generation. Having said that, compressed biscuits are puffed food, and eating more is not good for your health. Can temporarily replenish physical strength, easy to get angry.
Now you finally know why compressed biscuits are so full. Remember to take them with you when you go out. Eating a piece for a whole day is mainly so affordable. .
Compressed biscuits actually existed in the Pharaoh's era in Egypt, but modern compressed biscuits appeared during the American Civil War. During the war, compressed biscuits were transported to the northern Confederate army and became the main part of soldiers' rations. Compressed biscuits have high calories and long shelf life. Soldiers and sailors all over the world use compressed biscuits to prevent hunger. This was one of the main food sources for Columbus to set sail and finally reach America.
Compression is usually done six months ago, and it is as hard as a stone when it really arrives in the army. To soften it, they usually soak it in water or coffee. This will not only make the bread soft enough to eat, but also the insect larvae in the bread will float to it for the soldiers to skim. Although they are called different things in different cultures, this basic formula has been the staple food of armies all over the world for centuries. They are made of flour and water, sometimes with a little salt or sugar. They are hard and stuffed with stuffing. If they are kept dry, they can be eaten for a long time.
In fact, some soldiers before 150 kept some compressed biscuits as souvenirs after the war, which are usually exhibited in museums today. The blockade of the southern navy prevented wheat imports from reaching the Confederacy, and a large number of compressed biscuits distributed to soldiers at the beginning of the war were left over from the US-Mexico war (1846- 1848). At the same time, the government bakery in the north is providing compressed biscuits to the federal army, and they distribute 9 to 10 compressed biscuits to each person every day. Eating a compressed biscuit will dry the water in your mouth. Compressed biscuits feel as heavy in the stomach as in the hands. They were so dense that American soldiers used to treat them as small plates. This taste is hard to swallow. You are basically just eating flour.
During the American Civil War, although these biscuits were distributed to troops by weight, they were distributed to soldiers by quantity. Some groups cost 9 yuan per person, while others cost 10 yuan per person. But for people who want more, this number is usually enough. Compressed biscuits often irritate soldiers for three reasons: first, compressed biscuits may be too hard to bite; The second is that the compressed biscuits distributed to soldiers are often moldy or damp; The third is that compressed biscuits often have bugs. Compressed biscuits will be thrown away if they are moldy or damp; But now there are many worms like maggots who have to endure eating in the dark. No one can tell the difference between them and normal compressed biscuits.
The Royal Navy was one of the first navies to produce compressed biscuits on a large scale. Production began as early as 65438+60s. British navy soldiers can get up to a pound of biscuits and 1 gallon of beer every day. Compressed biscuits are made of salt, water and wheat flour (rich in protein, vitamins and calories), which can provide seafarers or field troops with moderate nutrition for weeks or even months. The secret of making long-lasting cookies is to absorb the last trace of water. To this end, compressed biscuits are baked and re-baked up to four times. Once stored, cookies will be kept indefinitely (if kept dry).
In fact, the compressed dry food obtained by the army during the American Civil War was prepared for the army by the US-Mexico War 15 years ago. During meals, soldiers and sailors will soak compressed biscuits or boil them in coffee, beer, salt water or any liquid at hand. That's because wet compressed biscuits are inedible and dense enough to block musket bullets. Cookies can also be crushed with gun butts, boiled into porridge, fried in a pot, or even eaten raw with saliva for a long time. Some sailors in the Royal Navy will use this material to make simple coffee. This is done by taking a blackened biscuit, grinding it into fine powder, adding boiling water, drinking it while it is hot and adding a little sugar. Unless kept dry, compressed biscuits will go moldy and deteriorate quickly. But even under ideal conditions, they are easy to produce weevil larvae or maggots. Sailors and soldiers soak cookies in coffee or water, and then skim them when parasites float to the surface. Others like to simply dim the lights.
/kloc-the whole European army in the 0/7th century and the navy in the 0/8th and 0/9th centuries lived on compressed biscuits for centuries. Even after the appearance of canned food, soldiers could still get compressed biscuits until World War I, which was initiated by Napoleon's army at the beginning of the19th century. With the development of science and technology, better food has gradually replaced the position of compressed biscuits.
A compressed bottle weighs about one or two pieces. Take two tablets at a time and drink some warm water, which is estimated to supplement men's energy for half a day.
With the development of society, people's living conditions have improved, and some people still like to eat compressed food. So, what is compressed food? When the environment is bad, food is not easy to preserve. When people go exploring in the wild, they will bring a kind of food that can be preserved for a long time. I remember that some supermarkets still sell compressed biscuits, but now they are rare. These compressed biscuits are actually wheat flour and sugar. After processing, it becomes a biscuit. The only feature of this biscuit is that it can be kept for a long time without spoilage. But I've eaten it, too, but I think it's really not delicious. How many bowls of rice do you eat? You may be afraid to say the answer.
Compressed like a stone, very hard, so you know how many bowls of rice this biscuit equals. Have you thought about this? Recently, a man did such an experiment. Young people are cooking cookies in the water. He didn't expect that the biscuits cooked for a long time didn't swell, so he thought that the compressed biscuits were similar to a bowl of rice.
In fact, if you want to know how many bowls of rice compressed biscuits are equivalent to, you should know. How much heat is included in the calculation. According to the information on the Internet,100g biscuits contain 457 calories, while100g rice has only 1 16 calories. In contrast, a biscuit is equivalent to four bowls of rice. It's not the calories of a bowl of rice mentioned before.
Therefore, the calories of compressed biscuits are still very high, and it is not easy to get hungry. But this kind of compressed biscuit is rough, so don't eat it often. This kind of compressed biscuit is not nutritious either. If you eat it regularly, it will lead to malnutrition. Now everyone's living standard is getting better and better. I believe that no one should eat compressed biscuits except those with special needs or those who try early. Have you ever eaten compressed biscuits? Welcome to comment.
The compressed biscuits are not full. When I went cycling in Tibet, I bought two kinds of compressed biscuits, military and civilian, for emergencies. But when I really eat it on the road, I find that compressed biscuits taste terrible when I eat them.
It is said on the internet that eating two or three tablets of water will make you feel full, but in fact, you won't feel hungry at most, and the charging effect is better than ordinary biscuits. I feel like I haven't eaten ordinary cookies, but I feel a little bottom after eating compressed cookies. You won't feel full. Later, I bought two steamed buns and a bag of mustard tuber directly on the road, which was cheap. Supplementing energy and fighting hunger have better effects.
So buying compressed biscuits is better than buying steamed bread and mustard tuber. The only advantage of compressed biscuits is that they don't take up space. Others have no advantages, but are heavier. Soldiers eat self-heating food instead of compressed biscuits in an emergency. Whoever buys this thing will be taken in.
By the way, buying high-energy chocolate like Snickers is better than buying compressed biscuits. If you go out to play, climb mountains, etc. You can bring self-heating food and some chocolate bars. No, steamed bread, pickled mustard tuber and sausage are better than compressed biscuits.
Whenever preparing to go hiking or travel for a long time, many people always forget to buy some compressed biscuits and put them in their bags. When they are hungry, they will take out two bites to satisfy their hunger. Look at the little compressed biscuits together. How much weight is hidden in them? Why are compressed biscuits so hungry? Let's take a look together.
First of all, the advantages of compressed biscuits are small size, high energy and hunger after eating. They were originally used in the military and can be said to be essential food for soldiers. But now it is gradually divided into two types, one is military and the other is civilian, but in fact the difference between them is not very big.
People who have eaten compressed biscuits will feel very dry at first reaction. Plus, just eating a small piece is enough, so many people can't help but suspect that there must be a lot of compressed raw materials in compressed biscuits.
Secondly, basically, many compressed things will naturally decompose when they encounter water, such as compressed masks, which can bubble immediately when immersed in water. As a result, someone threw the compressed biscuits into the water and stirred them as usual, but the results did not change.
Then, soak the biscuits in milk and cook them with fire. Half an hour passed, except that the milk cooked repeatedly became sticky, the compressed biscuits were the same as the original shape, and the taste did not change.
It turns out that the main ingredients of compressed biscuits are sugar and milk powder, so compressed biscuits are not only more nutritious than the biscuits we usually eat, but also more resistant to hunger. In order to be more convenient to carry, these biscuits will be compressed to some extent. When the density increases, the whole biscuit naturally becomes smaller. These compressed biscuits not only don't take up much space, but also are very beneficial to digestion.