What should I do before hiking on the plateau? 1. To prevent upper respiratory tract infection, smoking and drinking are prohibited. Avoid overwork, save your strength and have a good rest. Take American ginseng properly to enhance the anti-hypoxia ability of the body. If there is a respiratory infection, it should be cured before entering the plateau.
2. Ask people who have experience in plateau life for matters needing attention, so as to know fairly well and avoid unnecessary tension.
If you haven't been to the plateau, you must have a strict physical examination before entering the plateau. Patients with severe anemia or hypertension should not close their eyes and enter the plateau.
4. Good psychological quality is a panacea to overcome altitude sickness. Maintaining an open-minded and optimistic mood and building strong self-confidence can weaken the physical discomfort in the altitude sickness zone. Worrying and overthinking, a little discomfort will make you nervous, but it will increase the oxygen consumption of brain tissue, aggravate physical discomfort and prolong the self-healing time.
Walking over 4000m is a challenge for Tibetans, not to mention our low-altitude residents. Your body needs time to adapt to the altitude and avoid altitude sickness. Drugs can be used as an aid, but you must give yourself enough time ~
6. Most hiking areas are mountainous areas with inconvenient transportation, which is also the charm of high-altitude hiking, but the signals in these areas are generally poor. If there is an accident, we need to find a way to get in touch with the outside world. The first rule of outdoor hiking: never travel alone.
If you must experience the wilderness alone, remember to inform your family and friends of your movements in advance so as not to lose contact.
7. Thin air at high altitude and ultraviolet rays reflected by snow mean that you are more likely to get sunburned. Be sure to bring high-index sunscreen and sunscreen equipment (hat, sunglasses …).
Matters needing attention after entering the plateau 1. Drink plenty of water: due to the low air humidity, the human body is easy to dehydrate, and the increase of hemoglobin leads to the increase of blood viscosity. The anoxic and cold environment makes blood vessels contract, which is easy to form thrombus and cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents. Therefore, after entering the plateau, it is necessary to drink a small amount of water continuously to prevent thrombosis. Generally, 4000 ml of liquid should be added every day. Because of the low humidity, lips are prone to chapping. Besides drinking plenty of water, lip balm can also be used externally to improve symptoms.
2. Quit smoking: Carbon monoxide is an important product of cigarettes, and its combination with hemoglobin is 250-300 times that of oxygen. If you smoke a lot in the plateau area, it will obviously aggravate altitude sickness.
3. Learn the correct breathing method. Exercise test proves that abdominal breathing is more regular and rhythmic than chest breathing. This method is also the instinctive breathing action of patients with asthma and chronic obstructive emphysema.
Therefore, when walking or climbing, visitors can put their hands on their hips and let the muscles of their arms, collarbone, scapula and trunk above the waist be used to assist breathing and increase the activity of the respiratory system.
4. Radiation protection, high ultraviolet intensity at high altitude, easy to damage skin and eyes, especially in the snow. Therefore, try to avoid exposing the skin. It is also a good idea to apply sunscreen to the skin that may be exposed.
5. When you first arrive at the plateau, you should avoid strenuous activities and emotional excitement, and avoid taking a very hot hot bath, so as not to accelerate circulation and aggravate hypoxia, leading to pulmonary edema.
6. Maintain the dietary principle of high carbohydrate (also known as carbohydrate, 60%-70%), high plant protein and low fat. Because sugar can not only provide heat quickly, make people adapt to high-intensity activities, but also increase the exchange ventilation of oxygen. Too much fat and animal protein will aggravate altitude sickness.
7. Altitude sickness can easily lead to insomnia. You can take diazepam properly to ensure sleep, eliminate fatigue in time and ensure a smooth journey.
Precautions on the way to the plateau 1, pay attention to prepare enough warm clothes to prevent colds. Both colds and respiratory infections may cause acute altitude sickness.
2. Prepare oxygen and medicines for preventing and treating acute altitude sickness as much as possible, and also need medicines, antibiotics and vitamins for preventing and treating colds.
3. Because it takes a long time to enter the plateau by car, the accommodation conditions on the way are poor, and physical consumption is high, in addition to the above items, water or drinks and delicious and digestible food should be prepared to replenish the necessary water and heat in time.
If you have severe symptoms of altitude sickness on the way to the plateau, you should deal with them immediately. In severe cases, oxygen should be inhaled. In case of severe chest tightness, severe cough, dyspnea, pink foam phlegm cough, or slow response, indifference or even coma, in addition to the above treatment, you should go to a nearby hospital for rescue as soon as possible, or transfer to a lower altitude area for treatment and recovery as soon as possible.
The higher the altitude, the thinner the air and the lower the oxygen concentration, which means that less oxygen will enter the viscera and muscles through your blood. The symptoms of altitude sickness caused by this include headache, nausea, shortness of breath and decreased exercise ability.
Princeton University's research in 1999 shows that 75% people will have slight altitude sickness at an altitude of 3000 meters. Hyperactivity usually starts between 12 and 48 hours, but it will get better on the third day. A climber, whether good or bad, may be troubled by altitude sickness.
If you find yourself hyperreflexia, the correct way is to go down the mountain, or wait for your body to adapt to the altitude at a slightly lower altitude. If you ignore hyperreflexia and continue climbing, you may face more acute or fatal hyperreflexia, such as hydrocephalus and hydrocephalus. Although these symptoms are small probability events, they are likely to happen to you if you are not careful.