Split hook boxing
In ancient times, it was called "Punching Boxing" and "Sticking Boxing". Because of its multi-purpose palm, it was also called "Split Hanging Boxing". He is good at defeating the enemy in the middle and long range and pays attention to long-range strikes. It gives full play to China's martial arts fighting theory that "one inch is long, and one inch is strong", and pays attention to the control of fighting space, such as long-distance hitting, whipping, receiving and releasing, length and split hanging boxing.
Guagua Boxing is listed as the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage.
A Brief History of Boxing Development in Guagua
Guagua Boxing has a long history and was popular among the people in the middle of Ming Dynasty. Qi Jiguang (1528~ 1587), a patriotic general, made an incisive exposition on the split-hanging boxing in "Consignment and Comfort". He said, "Live in the sky and be soft." This refers to the flexible leg method of hanging boxing separately, which praises the wonderful use of leg methods such as "raising knees to protect chest, stretching feet to the sky, and sticking left and right (crossing the red)" And in the Classic of Boxing, the trick of "throwing the frame to grab the step" was included in the 32-potential long fist compiled by Choosing the Good.
After Qi Jiguang, by the middle of Qing Dynasty, there were two branches of Guagua Circle in Cangzhou, Hebei Province. One is Guo Dafa of Nanpi Pangzhuang, Cangzhou. This man was a Royal Guards in Beijing in his early years, and his martial arts were extraordinary. The content of this sub-teaching is to divide the fast disk and the boxing. The other is Zuo Bao Mei (known as Zuo Baye) in Dazuojia Village, Yanshan, Cangzhou. His teaching contents are slow walking and Qinglong boxing.
In the early years of the Republic of China, more and more people practiced this kind of boxing in Cangzhou. Then celebrities come forth in large numbers. Among them, Xiao Huacheng, Li, Zhao Shikui, Huang, Ma Fengtu, Ma Yingtu, Cao Yanhai and Zuo are the most famous.
1928, the Central Wushu Museum was established in Nanjing, and fenguaquan was listed as an advanced boxing for study and exercise. At that time, the master of martial arts, distinguished professor Ma Yingtu and Guo Changsheng were the representatives of Yanshan and Nanpi in Cangzhou at that time. Hit it off and learn from each other's skills, making the two long-separated split-hanging fists "combine twice and become one." Subsequently, the two grandfathers revised the original hanging boxing, and the revised hanging boxing was "full of charm and brand-new". It can be said that this is a qualitative leap in the inheritance of splitting and hanging.
There is no instrument routine in the original circulation of open-hanging boxing. In order to make this excellent boxing systematic and complete, two grandfathers, Guo Changsheng and Ma Yingtu, built crazy magic sticks and split hanging knives in the early 1930s. This fills the gap that there is no musical instrument routine in the boxing system. Later, Guo Changsheng collected the essence of the ancient road, kneaded it into waist splitting and arm-hugging footwork, and created a two-way Miao Dao that was better than one-way Miao Dao's combo. Since then, Miao Dao has also been regarded as an instrument routine in the sub-hanging boxing system.
1937, after Guo Changsheng returned to his hometown, he continued his in-depth study of Guagua Boxing, and then summed up the technical characteristics of quickness, agility, changeability and strength.
1949 after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Guagua boxing was listed as one of the martial arts competitions.
1984, Cangzhou Wushu Hall was established by Cangzhou Sports Commission, with Guo Ruixiang as the curator, and a class of split-hanging boxing was set up to recruit students from 29 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, and split-hanging boxing quickly spread throughout the country. From 65438 to 0987, Japanese, American, Korean and other foreign students came to Cangzhou, China to study wrestling and boxing.
Since 1976, * * * has won dozens of gold medals in the national Wushu championship and the national Wushu observation and exchange meeting. Only Guo Ruixiang's disciples Wang Zhihai (Cangzhou) and Wang Huafeng (Beijing University of Physical Education) won 6 gold medals and 4 gold medals respectively in the national Wushu competition. Guo Ruixiang's Japanese student Gu Xieya won four gold medals in the all-day competition, another Japanese female student Akiyama was lucky to win two gold medals in the all-day competition, and South Korean student Li won another international gold medal in the martial arts competition in the Asia-Pacific region. In order to promote the spread of Guagua Boxing in the whole country, the State Sports Commission entrusted Guo Ruixiang to compile the book Guagua Boxing, which was listed as a required reading material for the competition. Then, the VCD teaching film of Guagua Boxing demonstrated by Guo Ruixiang was published by People's Sports Publishing House and sold at home and abroad. From this, it can be said that Guo Ruixiang has made outstanding contributions to the inheritance and development of splitting and hoisting. So, Comrade Zhang Shan, vice president of China Wushu Academy and director of the technical committee of the Asian Wushu Federation, gave Guo Ruixiang a main hall with the words "Wulin hero" written on it.
1996165438+10. On the initiative of people of insight at home and abroad, Cangzhou Tongguan and Guagua Circle Research Association was established, and Guo Ruixiang was elected as its president. After the meeting, branches were set up in Okinawa, Busan, new york, China, Shanghai, Beijing, Zhejiang and Jilin, which made Guagua Boxing, a traditional skill, dominate the world.
Today, Fenxuanquan is a kind of boxing with rich content, wide spread and high popularity in China and even abroad.
In July, 2008, it was selected as the first batch of national intangible literature number ⅵ- 10.
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Guagua Principle in Guagua Boxing
Guagua Boxing was originally called "Guagua Boxing", which is also called "hanging, opening and breaking"; Gua, gossip and fu are also created. " As the name implies, fortune tellers refer to unlocking and deciphering the mystery of gossip changes. This method has been handed down by later generations and is called Guagua Boxing. Split hanging is the two major techniques of this kind of boxing, and their organic combination has become the practical core of split hanging boxing.
The formation of Guagua Boxing is a unique view and explanation of natural changes by Guagua Boxers in past dynasties. Cover refers to opening and lifting; Divination refers to the change of orientation and five elements. It means to uncover the mystery of the natural laws of the five elements, which are changeable, unbreakable, unbreakable and unbreakable. They are used in the theory of boxing to complement each other and apply them to the extreme, so as to control each other and master the natural laws.
The fist rhyme goes, "Eight diagrams, three times, six times, shake the jar, cover the bowl, exchange the lack, lose the bottom, leave the hollow, and the ridge is full." "From the beginning to the end, the yin and yang overlap for growth and decline, and the cycle is endless." Embodied in boxing is "dynamic and static, opening and closing, throughput, attack and defense, rigidity and softness, virtual and real" and so on. Externalization of internal strength, sealing your own five elements to restrain the other five elements. In boxing, it is said that "two people fight, and the five elements are combined first", "Jin Mu's five elements are fire, water, soil, gold, aquatic wood, wood fire, fire, water and soil, and local treasures".
The splitting method is gold, and Jin Li is like an axe, which can split wood. From top to bottom, like a broken bamboo, it is broken vertically. Fighting upward is fire, fire can win gold, and all potential can be broken by the force of flame; The flat belt retaining ring method belongs to water, which can suppress fire, and it is made horizontal and vertical by flattening the retaining ring; The method of flat strike belongs to soil, which can overcome water, and can be made smooth by the power of flat strike; Disturbing French wood can overcome soil, transverse force and oblique force up or down. With such mutual restraint, there are endless changes in health and grams.
Life and punishment are dialectical unity, two people struggle with each other, and opposing faces transform and control each other. Therefore, we should strive for initiative everywhere and turn the opposing side into something that is beneficial to ourselves and not to the other side. For example, the use of winding and arc steps in the footwork of split-hanging boxing, as well as the flashing and oblique advance of posture, make the opponent in a passive state, and don't know how to punch, so that he can't parry and fight back, so that he can fight quickly and fight late, thus quickly gaining the lead. Among them, the fake is confusing the real, the fake is confusing the real, and the real Xu Ruo is used. Its clever thinking of change is a diversion, pointing out the country and luring the world.
Style characteristics of split-hanging boxing
Separate boxing requires the combination of single potential and routine, theory and image (boxing theory and form), and form and function (fitness and actual combat), which complement each other, pay attention to the force from the waist, and use the throughput of the chest and the twisting of the waist to cooperate with the movements of the two arms to make the movements open and close freely. In the movement, it is manifested as: rolling, strangling, chopping, hanging, chopping, unloading, cutting, picking, sweeping, refusing, stretching, receiving, touching, exploring, bouncing, smashing (hoeing), rolling and slamming.
In attack and defense, pay attention to expansion and contraction, long-range shooting, arc folding, virtual and real round-trip, drawing beads, which is aggressive. Advocate to fight slowly with fast, to make short with long, and to flash into roses. The basic law of attack and defense is to hang up when it comes high, split when it comes low, stop when it comes flat, and move when it comes. Its boxing proverb says: "There are thousands of fists on the shelf, and you can't finish them." Pay attention to "hitting the target is a small victory, and knocking down the target is a master."
The main strength methods are pulley strength, turning strength, throughput strength, rolling strength, penetration strength and so on. When exerting strength, the joints such as arms, shoulders, chest, waist, back, hips, knees and wrists are required to be flexible and natural, relaxed and informal, combined with development, both rigid and flexible, that is, snake and snake, easy to use, which means iron stone. When carrying capacity, the strength is concentrated on "throughput opening and closing, ups and downs". The trunk opens and closes like a bow, the chest swallows like a string, and the force is like a shadowless arrow that leaves the string. With the ups and downs of the upper and lower limbs and the trunk, the force to adjust the whole body is formed, and the resultant force is concentrated at one point at the fastest speed.
The action characteristics of the arm are: the arms are straight, the arms are crossed, the fork is hung, and the long shot is far away. The functional characteristics of the trunk and lower limbs are: grasping the front button, swallowing the chest and protruding the back, shrinking the shoulders and hiding the head, twisting the waist and cutting the buttocks, putting the feet and knees together, and closing the abdomen and arms. Its footwork is mostly striding, tossing and turning in series. When exercising, the footwork is flexible and changeable, interwoven into a chain, as fast as a raging wave. Once in contact, the opponent can't guard against it, forming a unique style of quickness and agility.
The performance of routine drills is: ups and downs, diving, stretching exploration, opening and closing explosion, winding like a snake, fast and flexible, like a river, magnificent, ups and downs, endless flow, high winds and angry waves rushing thousands of miles. The eye method requires one eye, two gallbladder and three strokes, and it is fast and slow. There is a boxing proverb that says, "The eyes are the pioneers, the brains are the commanders, and the hands and feet are the generals of five battalions and four whistles." In boxing, we should look back and forth, look left and right, look far and near, push forward and move ahead. Pay attention to slow pull and light practice, adjust your luck, concentrate and be healthy. Namely: pull the shelf slowly, punch quickly, punch out and sink your stomach.
The overall performance is: big and big, fierce and hard. Close, shrink and hide your head like a cannon, open like a cannon and explode up and down. The arms are hung separately, the whip is soft and solid, and the long hit is accurate and tumbling. Full of strength, stretching and flowing. That is to say, in the application of staggered split hanging, the shoulders are relaxed, the back is relaxed, the arms are soft and fast, and the strength is transparent. When splitting hanging, the force is like a bomb, which embodies the characteristics of both rigidity and flexibility. Its style is quick and agile, with cutting, hanging, lifting, drilling and squatting, stretching and exploring, twisting waist and cutting crotch, and opening and closing. His arms are as dense as rain and as fast as lightning, and his whip is like a bomb. Full of strength, stretching, free form, proud and healthy, and changeable diseases. As the saying goes, "there is no definite trend, no definite trace." "If the disease out of the waves, like fenglei stir top, like a breeze. Dynamic and static speed, rigid and flexible, mutual transformation. The posture requires covering the chest, back and cochlea, winding, straight out of the side and flexible turning.
Technical essentials of separate hanging boxing
Guagua Boxing is rich in technical content, mainly including single-potential training, boxing, equipment and actual combat.
Monopotential training
Single potential application and basic routines: single potential, double potential, mountain gun shooting, thunder throwing, earthworm stirring, kite crossing the forest, ambush potential, starting from scratch, double potential, big stride, twelve potential, ten potential bounce, etc.
Boxing routine
In Gansu and northwest provinces, it is Ma Fengtu's split-hanging boxing. It is called "One Way Split Hanging", "Two Way Qinglong", "Three Way Flying Tiger", "Four Way Shu Tai" and "Big Boxing". Guo Changsheng's split-hanging boxing in Lunzhou, Hebei Province is called hanging boxing, Qinglong boxing, quick-loading split-hanging boxing and cannon hammer. These two statements are different. Its style and characteristics are similar.
instrument
Guagua's boxing was summarized, enriched and expanded by Ma Fengtu, Ma Yingtu, Guo Changsheng and others in modern times, and its instruments were abundant. The main products that spread all over the world are: odd gun, Liuhe big gun, crazy god stick, three-section stick, separate single knife, separate double knife, Miao knife, Xuanhua sword (universal), ladder robe sword (universal), phoenix head hook (barbed hand hook), Mense, whip rod and so on.
Six essentials of practicing boxing
The head is vertical, the shoulders sink and elbows fall, the chest is lifted and the back is pulled out, the waist is twisted and the crotch is cut, the abdomen is closed and the buttocks are closed, and the knees are closed and the feet are drilled.
Practice steps of split-hanging boxing
Active, fluent, harmonious, flexible, fast, powerful, accurate, skilled, wonderful and unique.
Playing formula of split hook fist
Separate hanging, rolling, splitting, cutting, picking, leveling, pushing, cutting, unloading, blasting, winding, picking and bumping.
Application of Split Hanging Boxing in Boxing
Hang a fist and do it. It's magnificent and unstoppable. Taking the waist as the axis, pulling the pulley with wheels requires that the arms should be straight, long and far, one inch long and one inch strong, so that the length can be shortened. Open the arms and close them, hang them separately, and cross them, such as folding bamboo, which is fierce and heavy. Footwork is more about footwork, following steps, rushing steps, jumping up and down, flexible and changeable, posture flashing, ups and downs, kites flying skillfully through the forest, civet cats jumping skillfully and hanging upside down fiercely. Pay attention to "chest protection in front, walking sideways in the back, hanging crotch protection under the ears above, rolling shoulders and splitting, hurting people around the knees."
The fist, step and waist of the boxer move in three circles, and the three circles are connected, and the cross, the stand, the stand, the up and the round chop are broken by the reverse swing, the horizontal block and the oblique. The body flickers forward, the hand rolls over the shoulder, steps around, the whole body twists and turns, and the roller skates pull back, which makes the situation flexible and changeable. Three hands in a row, the elder is short, and the fastest is late.
The length of boxing is emphasized, which is compatible with bunting, long hitting, splitting, hanging and picking, pulling back pulley, pulling back pulley, rolling back and flashing palm, dark clouds covering the moon, eating around the lock, hanging high and slanting in, hitting low and walking away, lacking hands, walking by a strong side door, going straight into the flash and waving, and crossing.
Oolong panda
As a traditional boxing method, Guagua Boxing has formed its unique drill style and technical characteristics in the course of hundreds of years' development, among which the oolong stroke is one of its most important basic skills and the core of Guagua's boxing skills.
name
Oolong play is also called windlass flip (reverse pulling) and windlass flip. In Cangzhou, Hebei Province, the birthplace of Guagua Boxing, the dialect of windlass is bitter, and it is a tool for rural areas to get water from wells. Queiroz sounds like an oolong, so it is called "Queiropan Pai" in this area.
The oolong dish is shaped like a winch. The ancestors shook the handle and twisted the rope to draw water according to the axis of the hoist. When they put down the bucket, the handle rotated quickly (I heard from the old man that someone was accidentally killed by the fast rotating handle), thus realizing the truth of lever, wheel force and tension resistance, and the oolong dish was played.
meaning
As a representative action of hanging boxing system, playing the oolong dish is the core of hanging boxing theory, practical technology and achievement method. The tensile strength of the anchor in the split-hanging boxing is included in the own goal, which not only exists in the split-hanging boxing, but also has its own different practice styles and different usages in other boxing methods of this boxing system.
In the separate boxing, the oolong dish hit twice, once hitting the ground and once not hitting the ground. This arrangement of ancestors is by no means a simple repetition. There is a "Big Dipper" footwork in the routine, and the oolong is just in the position of the North Star. This phenomenon is not accidental, which shows its important significance and connotation in boxing.
Oolong plate play, which can be attacked in advance and defended near, plays a connecting role in boxing. To learn and practice fenhangquan well, we must first understand and master the oolong dish style.
bit
In the learning process of hanging boxing separately, it is proposed that the oolong dish needs to be practiced separately. It has different training methods, including the practice of standing still, which is divided into two different forms: slapping the ground and not slapping the ground.
(1) An own goal hits the ground.
Stretch your arms horizontally, palms forward, legs open, feet slightly wider than your shoulders, put your left hand back on your chest, roll your right arm inward, twist your waist to the left, and make a left lunge, while chopping away vertical circles from bottom to front and top to back; At the same time, stretch your left arm into a right lunge and look at your right hand. The left arm continues to pass the palm of your hand along the shoulder to the left in front of your body, and the right hand draws a vertical circle behind you at the same time, and slaps the ground inside your right leg downward; At the same time, it is a right footstep, and the left hand extends horizontally to the left, looking at the right hand.
In the whole movement, the arms should be straight, the long strokes should be long, the lunges on both sides should be in place, the waist should be twisted and the crotch should be cut, the knees should be closed and the feet should be drilled, and the eyes should be smooth, so that "the chest should be covered in front, the ears should be lowered, the crotch should be protected and the abdomen should be protected".
(2) If you don't hit the ground, you can play with an own goal. The way of playing is basically the same as hitting the ground, but don't hit the ground with your right hand, and your arm keeps rolling and splitting. You can make one more.
The predecessors practiced the static step oolong very strictly, and paid attention to "leaning against the wall and climbing the bar with both hands". It is a practice method, that is, first put your back slightly against the wall, straighten your arms and hold the stick behind your neck, lunge your legs left and right, and split them left and right. When you see a sudden snatch, you must "twist your waist and cut your crotch, drill your knees, roll your shoulders and split your back, and play long and far, standing like a wheel and reaching to the tip of your palm." When you are proficient, take away the stick and make a continuous oolong dish. The number is from
In addition, there is an own goal with moving steps, including "detour" and "no detour". It mainly appears in Qinglong Boxing, with "hanging" as the main move, in which the handstand with five rolls and one roll is the action of an own goal, and the action also requires the arm to take a vertical circle or an oblique circle, roll the shoulder, split the back, entangle the block, take a strike step and turn over, and pay attention to the practicality of attack and defense.
actual
As the core action of the split-hanging boxing system, it takes the waist and shoulders as the axis, the hub and two arms as spokes, rotates quickly, and rolls to the enemy with the wheel force like the rotation of the wheel, and the two arms cross and split, just like breaking bamboo. The two arms can rotate alternately in the form of circle, oblique circle and flat circle. Legs left and right, front and back, and ground. Hard power is transmitted from the legs to the waist and along the shoulders to the arms. With the waist as the hub, the foot as the foundation, driven by two arms, the two arms open and close, and the strength is fierce and heavy, which can be released and closed. Pay attention to "turning the pulley"
There are different ways to practice and use oolong tea. In the split hanging fist, the two arms cross and hit down. In Qinglong Boxing, it is called inverted five rolls, with the left hand hanging the enemy and the right hand hitting the back of the enemy's neck. But in jar boxing, an oolong dish is also called throwing. After hitting your opponent, you bury the enemy's leg in your lower body, stroke the enemy's ankle with your right hand, and suddenly reverse yourself, overturning the enemy behind you.
As a representative action of the boxing system, the oolong dish beating is vivid, unpretentious, rigorous in structure, rigorous in attack and defense, and practical, which highlights the application of chopping, hanging, rolling, chopping and rolling techniques in boxing.
Track the descendants of Guagua Boxing
The origin of Yanshan Boxing is as follows: Master Han's eminent monk (Han Toudao) handed it down from the left. Left door has been passed down from generation to generation. After Zuo broke the family rules, his external surnames were Li and Xiao Hecheng, and later they were Peng Zizhen, An, Yu (nickname), Han Baoheng, Liu Guichang and Huang in Huanglongtan Village, Yanshan County, Hebei Province.
Then pass on Peng Zhenlin of Xindian Village, Mengcun Hui Autonomous County, Hebei Province; Peng Zhenshan, Yin, Gao Fuan, Gao Hualong, An Changlin, Liu Yibiao. Wu, Heludian Village, Mengcun Hui Autonomous County, Hebei Province. Yang Baoqi, Yangjia Longtan Village, Yanshan County, Hebei Province. Ma Fengtu, Shiyangqiao Village, Mengcun Hui Autonomous County, Hebei Province. Liushu Village, Dongguan Township Circle Village, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province.
Pass it again by the above masters. Gao Mingshan, Liu Baosen, Zhao Lianke, Liu Zishan, Liu Ziming, Sun Hongshan, Cui Yukun, Gao Lianzhong, Zhang Lianxin, Liu Zelong, Cao Ruiting, Xindian Village Rui, Liu Lianfa, Han Peng, Peng Weizhong, Peng Han Fuhai, Meng Cun Hui Autonomous County, Hebei Province. Zhao, Zhao Haishan and Gao Xianwen from Buzhai Village, Mengcun Hui Autonomous County, Hebei Province. Malianpo, Zizhuang Village, Yanshan County, Hebei Province. Guo Jinshan, Bulaoqiao Village, Mengcun Hui Autonomous County, Hebei Province. Wu Yuwen, Heludian Village, Mengcun Hui Autonomous County, Hebei Province. Wang Zhenhuan, Ma Yufeng, Sun Yulong and Ma Zhongxiu from Wulongtang Village, Dongguan Township, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province. Cheng jia cun of Mengcun Hui Autonomous County is located in Qinghai. Pang Laotai, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province (nickname) Han Taolin, Yu Jia Village, Yanshan County, Hebei Province. Chu Zhuang Lin Cun Chu Liancheng, Yanshan County, Hebei Province. Dong Wenxiang and Dong Wengui, Chengjialin Village, Yanshan County, Hebei Province. Zhao Chunxiang, Duozhuang Village, Huanghua County, Hebei Province. Xiao Enfu and Xiao Chunfu, Dawangbao Village, Yanshan County, Hebei Province. The above-mentioned masters were passed on to Guo Jinwu in Bulaoqiao Village, Mengcun Hui Autonomous County, Hebei Province, and Liu Jinquan, Han Huasheng, Han Hongsheng, Dong Shiming, Liu Yinlong, Liu, Zhao Jinde, Sun, Zhang Shiyuan, Peng, Peng, Liu Honglai, and Liu together in Xindian Village, Mengcun Hui Autonomous County, Hebei Province. Laotongtang Village, Huhu, Cangzhou, Hebei. Lu Fande, Le Wangui, Sun Jingchun, Hu Jinsheng and Peng from Laotongtang Village, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province. Ma Jinxiu, Dongguan District, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province. Chang Shufeng, Chang Shude and Liu Yichun in Songzhuangzi Village, Mengcun Hui Autonomous County, Hebei Province, and Xiaoguo (nickname) in Xiao Zhuangzi Village, Mengcun Hui Autonomous County, Hebei Province. Zhu Xian and Wangcun, Mengcun Hui Autonomous County, Hebei Province; Li Longwen, Chen and Lu in Buzhai Village, Mengcun Hui Autonomous County, Hebei Province.
Ma Fengtu, Shiyangqiao Village, Mengcun Hui Autonomous County, Hebei Province, brought Guagua Boxing to the northwest and spread it widely, and founded "General Wushu". His sons, Ma, Ma Xianda and Ma, were called the Four Masters by the Wulin people at that time.