On the other side of the mountain, written by Wang Jiaxin, was originally published in the 5th issue of Changjiang Literature and Art (198 1), and was later selected by junior middle school Chinese textbooks. Metaphor is a belief. Through my childhood experience, my mother said that "the sea is beyond the mountain". Among them, "sea" is what my mother talked about from my wishful thinking and doubts, and it is not ideal. Theme of the poem: It expresses the yearning and confusion of childhood and the feelings and beliefs of adulthood. To achieve lofty ideals, we must overcome disappointment again and again and constantly climb countless mountains. This process is arduous, difficult and painful. However, because of the call of ideals and the support of faith, people are not afraid to travel long distances.
Poetry works and articles have been selected into many important collections of domestic poetry and theoretical criticism, and have been selected into many textbooks of China's contemporary literary history by universities such as Peking University and Fudan University. The poem "Beyond the Mountain" was selected by People's Education Society as a Chinese textbook for Grade One and Hubei Education Edition. When writing this poem, he was a college student who had just entered the university campus from a remote mountainous area, and lived and worked with his parents in five or six places, so he wrote this poem because his childhood was full of fantasies. The poem "Pasternak" was selected as a second language reader in senior high school by PEP. From Pasternak in 1990 to Lonely House by the Sea, Kafka and Awakening during his later trip to Europe, his influence in China's poetry circle gradually increased. The fate of these exiled or quasi-exiled poets is the main source of his writing. He tried to write a rare history of poetry writing through dialogue with many dead people. There are often alarming monologues in his works, which have painful meanings. After 1996, represented by London prose and elegy, he began a new exploration of poetry. His published poems include The Sound of Palm and Swimming Cliff. When I was young, everyone had a childhood dream. The author was born at the foot of Wudang Mountain in Hubei, and his parents are teachers. So he has lived in five or six places with his parents' work since he was a child, but he has never walked out of the mountains, so he has always wanted to see the outside world!
What is the "sea" in the poem? The poet said, "it's a sea of faith" and "it's a brand-new world". In other words, "sea" refers to the ideal realm. Beyond the mountain is the sea. This "mountain" is not a mountain, but countless mountains. Climbing a mountain is very laborious, and climbing countless mountains is even more difficult. In other words, the realization of the ideal is to go through various hardships. This "mountain" is also a target plan. When you climb to the top of the first mountain, you find that the realization of your ideal is still slim. On the one hand, because I am eager to realize my ideal as soon as possible, on the other hand, because I underestimated the difficulty of realizing my ideal. I thought I could climb a mountain and see a sea, so I could reach my ideal state, but this is not the case, so I can't help feeling disappointed and depressed. "When I was a child, I used to lie at the window and think/-What's that over there?" Looking forward to the new world beyond the mountain is a daydream when I was a child. "Mom told me: Sea/Oh, is that the sea beyond the mountain?" In other words, my mother pointed out the ideal and aroused my desire. But when I was a child, my knowledge was superficial after all, thinking that the sea was beyond the mountains. I never saw the sea, but I still saw the mountains. I'm so disappointed. When he grew up, the poet understood that what his mother called "the sea" was condensed by faith. The sea is far away, but it is not illusory. Ideals and beliefs make people not afraid to travel long distances. "Courage again and again and go forward bravely." The poet tells people his own life feelings and his firm belief that the journey to the ideal life is long, but as long as he persists in his struggle, his ideal will eventually come true. This poem expresses a belief and a philosophy. Poets take mountains and the sea as images, the sea as ideals, mountains as difficulties and climbing mountains as metaphors of hard struggle, with magnificent images and rich meanings. A word "mountain" can refer to either a mountain or countless mountains. From an artistic conception to a new artistic conception, poetry advances in ups and downs, and feelings are also ups and downs, which gives people profound enlightenment.
This poem expresses a belief and a philosophy. Poets use the sea as a metaphor for ideals, mountains as a metaphor for difficulties, and climbing mountains as a metaphor for hard struggle, thus telling people that the road to ideals is long and rugged, but as long as they are not afraid of long journeys, overcome difficulties, and overcome repeated disappointments, they can reach the ideal realm.
Wang Jiaxin, poet, poetry critic and literature professor. He used the pen name Beixin and Pangjia. 1957 was born in Danjiangkou, Hubei. 1972 entered Ogawa Middle School in danjiangkou city, Hubei. 1974 After graduating from high school, I went to the countryside to work in Ogawa Agrochemical Plant. 1978 was admitted to the Chinese Department of Wuhan University, and he began to publish poems at the university. 1982 After graduation, he was assigned to teach in Yunyang Normal College, Hubei Province. 1983 participated in the youth poetry meeting organized by poetry magazine. 1984 wrote a series of poems, such as Chinese Painting and Poems on the Yangtze River, which attracted wide attention. 1985 seconded to Beijing Poetry Magazine to edit and publish a collection of poems "Farewell and Commemoration". Since 1986, the poetic style has changed and become more dignified, bidding farewell to youth writing. The representative works of this period include Touch, Landscape and Impression. On the Meeting between Man and the World in Poetry. 1992 went to Britain as a visiting scholar, 1994 returned to China and was transferred to the Chinese Department of Beijing Institute of Education as an associate professor. In 2006, he was hired as a professor by the College of Literature, Renmin University of China, and offered a comparative study course of Chinese and western modern poetry and a creative course. His work Beyond the Mountain was selected as the first lesson of the standard experimental textbook for compulsory education, The First Volume of Chinese Grade 7, as a skimming text.
2. Mountaineering knowledge
Mountain climbing is good for people's physical and mental health, but it also has certain dangers.
In order to ensure safety, this should be done; 1. Choose the place to climb the mountain carefully. It is necessary to learn about the local geographical environment and weather changes from nearby residents, choose a safe mountaineering route, and mark it well to prevent getting lost.
2. Prepare sports shoes, ropes, dry food and water. Be sure to bring enough water in summer, because climbing mountains will make you sweat. If you don't add enough water, you will easily collapse and get heatstroke.
3. It is best to carry first-aid medicines with you, such as Yunnan Baiyao and hemostatic bandages, in case of falling, bumping and spraining. It is best to climb in the morning or in the morning and return to the station in the afternoon.
Don't change the climbing route and time without authorization. Don't carry a backpack, but carry it on your shoulders, so that you can grasp it with both hands.
You can also use a strong long stick as a crutch to help you climb. 6. Never take pictures on dangerous cliffs to avoid accidents.
Precautions for Mountaineering Mountaineering has the functions of refreshing the mind and strengthening the body. The forests and valleys in the mountains are quiet and the scenery is beautiful. How can we make mountain climbing easier? Experts summed up the tips of mountain climbing: do a good job in fitness: if the mountain to climb is relatively high or you seldom participate in mountain climbing, it is necessary to do some warm-up exercises before climbing. That is to say, do some muscle stretching exercises in 10-20 minutes to relax the whole body muscles as much as possible, so that you will feel much more relaxed when climbing the mountain.
Increase bouncing movements: When climbing upwards, intentionally add some bouncing movements at each step, which is labor-saving and makes people look full of energy and vitality. Don't always look up: Don't always look up when climbing a mountain, especially at the beginning, because your legs are not used to climbing mountains, and looking up often will make people feel very tired.
Generally speaking, when climbing upward, it is best to keep your eyes three or five meters ahead. If the mountain road is steep, you can climb in a "Z" shape, which is more labor-saving.
Distraction: When climbing a mountain, don't always think about how high the mountain is and how long it will take. Take your time, stop and go, enjoy climbing the mountain, and don't miss the beautiful scenery.
When you are tired, you can look at the surrounding scenery more, or you can sing for fun, and the fatigue will be alleviated. Relax when you go down the mountain: you must control your steps when you go down the mountain. You must not rush too fast and get hurt easily.
At the same time, pay attention to relax the muscles of the knee. Too tight will put a lot of pressure on the joints of the legs and make the muscles tired. Autumn rock climbing is enjoyable and healthy, but some self-protection measures should be taken before climbing.
1, have a physical examination before climbing the mountain. Especially middle-aged and elderly people and patients with chronic diseases, it is necessary to have a comprehensive physical examination to avoid accidents.
2. Know the mountaineering route in advance, plan the rest and dining places, and it is best to have acquaintances to lead the way to prevent blind intrusion into the mountains. 3. Understand the climate characteristics of the mountain and try to get a reliable weather forecast before climbing.
Take warm clothes in the morning and evening to prevent colds. 4. Don't sit on the wet ground and in the air outlet during rest. When sweating, you can loosen your collar a little. Don't take off your clothes and hat, lest you catch a cold.
It is necessary to do some warm-up exercises before climbing the mountain. Be calm and slow when climbing a mountain. Especially the elderly and infirm should pay more attention to this point, and rest for 10 minutes after walking for half an hour to avoid excessive fatigue.
6. Mountain climbing is not for competition, but for fitness or recreation. Therefore, regardless of speed, just seek pleasure.
Or walk slowly along the stone steps, or find a tree-lined path, see the scenery, visit historical sites, chat and swim, which is endless fun. 7. Take as little luggage as possible and go into battle lightly.
For the elderly, crutches should be brought, which not only saves physical strength, but also contributes to safety. When walking on a steep slope, you'd better take a zigzag route to climb, which can reduce the slope.
8. When climbing upwards, intentionally add some bouncing movements at each step, which not only saves labor, but also makes people look full of energy and vitality. 9. Don't walk too fast down the hill, you can't run. This will make the knee and leg muscles feel too tense, which will cause knee injury or muscle strain.
10, always prevent sprains in your waist and legs when climbing mountains. Therefore, every time you rest, you should * * * the muscles of your waist and legs to prevent muscle stiffness. Mountain climbing is good for people's physical and mental health, but it also has certain dangers.
In order to ensure safety, this should be done; L. When climbing a mountain, teachers or parents should lead you, and you should act in groups. 2. Choose the place to climb the mountain carefully.
It is necessary to learn about the local geographical environment and weather changes from nearby residents, choose a safe mountaineering route, and mark it well to prevent getting lost. 3. Prepare sports shoes, ropes, dry food and water.
Be sure to bring enough water in summer, because climbing mountains will make you sweat. If you don't add enough water, you will easily collapse and get heatstroke. 4. It is best to carry first-aid drugs with you, such as Yunnan Baiyao and hemostatic bandage, in case of falling, bumping and spraining.
It is best to climb the mountain in the morning or in the morning and return to the station in the afternoon. Don't change the climbing route and time without authorization.
6. Don't carry a backpack, but carry it on your shoulders, so that you can grasp it with both hands. You can also use a strong long stick as a crutch to help you climb.
3. Knowledge about Mount Tai
Mount Tai, also known as Daishan, Daizong, Daiyue, Dongyue and Taiyue, is located in the middle of Shandong Province, which belongs to Tai 'an City and spans Tai 'an, Jinan and Zibo, with a total area of 24,200 hectares. Yuhuangding, the main peak, is 1.545 meters above sea level, which is magnificent and has the title of "the head of the five mountains", "the length of the five mountains" and "the first mountain in the world". It is a world natural and cultural heritage, a world geological park, a national AAAAA tourist attraction, a national scenic spot, a national key cultural relic protection unit and a national civilized scenic spot.
Mount Tai was regarded by the ancients as a paradise "directly to the throne" and became a sacred mountain worshipped by the people and emperors. There is a saying that "Mount Tai is safe and the world is safe". From Qin Shihuang to Qing Dynasty, 13 emperors went to Mount Tai to worship or sacrifice, and 24 emperors sent officials to sacrifice 72 times.
There are more than 20 ancient buildings and more than 2,200 stone tablets on the majestic Mount Tai. Both Taoism and Buddhism regard Mount Tai as a "fairy mountain Buddha country", deify Mount Tai and build a large number of temples on Mount Tai.
Mount Tai is the symbol of the Chinese nation, the epitome of oriental culture, the place where the idea of "harmony between man and nature" is entrusted, and the home of the Chinese national spirit.
Specific knowledge:
4. What is the common sense of hiking in spring?
Spring is a season suitable for outing. Every weekend, many people in the city put aside their usual intense work and devote themselves to nature to feel the flowers and birds.
After freezing in winter and spring, more people are willing to climb mountains to exercise. Here are some tips for climbing mountains: First, try to push your heels hard when climbing. The heel is naturally at the center of gravity, so that the weight of the body can be distributed on the thigh or even the waist, which is more labor-saving than climbing the mountain with the forefoot 1/3 or so.
Climbing a mountain with the forefoot is equivalent to exhausting the calf and doing nothing in the thigh. Things like stones and ridges often protrude on slopes, so step on them with your heels.
If the slope is flat, try to land on your feet. The second trick of climbing a hill is to straighten the support leg every time you change your leg, so that the joints rattle and the load of the leg is dispersed to a part of the psoas muscle. Don't worry about straightening your legs, it can make people rest on one leg for 0.3 seconds every step.
Anyone who only uses the forefoot of his foot to stop his knee from going straight uphill is equal to deliberately honing his will. Second, when you can help without hands, you should use your hands to reduce the burden on your legs.
When climbing the mountain, most of my hands are idle, and I have saved my strength. When you can use it a little, put your front legs on the ground and exert your strength. Why are animals with limbs and legs better at climbing mountains than people? Because they share power equally.
It must be strange for animals to watch people climb mountains upright. This is an acrobatic gesture. When climbing a mountain, as long as the slope exceeds 45 degrees, you can use your hands and feet, which is labor-saving and effective, and there is nothing indecent. Still simple.
Third, when climbing, you can take a little extra splayed steps to make the heel heavier, and you can also reduce the angle between the foot surface and the calf to make the tendon comfortable. I found that it is a bit out of character for fellow villagers to carry loads up the mountain (to send manure, carry water, etc.). Although they don't walk fast, they won't stop. Every step, their knees straighten up, as if they were eating a meal at a time.
Fourth, when climbing a mountain, you can press your palm on the lower thigh to assist. One is to make the arm and leg form a moment and transfer the strength of the arm to your leg. The other is that palm pressing helps to tighten the thigh muscles. When you press one leg to lift the other, you will feel like pressing a stone, and you can borrow.
It doesn't matter whether you can gasp or not when climbing the mountain. The more gas you breathe, the better, which can strengthen the functions of the lungs and the heart, and then the cells in the muscles of the whole body can work more fully. It is best to take a deep breath in the abdomen and let the lungs expand completely, as if from the throat to the abdomen.
There are few impurities in the air in the mountains, and clean oxygen circulates in the body, which is equivalent to bathing in it. If it's cold, you can stick the tip of your tongue on the palate, so that your tongue can warm up the cold first, so as not to be choked by the cold wind.
Six, when climbing a mountain, walking sticks can also reduce leg strength. Two legs can't climb four legs, but the person who climbs a stick is equal to three legs, which is better than two legs. A short stick (the distance between the hand and the ground) is better, because the hand can support and make the stick as hard as a leg.
A long stick is ok, just like a pole, but it needs more arm strength to move than a short stick. 7. Raise your head properly when climbing, so that from a visual point of view, the slope will not appear so steep.
Deceive yourself with fantasy, even if you despise difficulties. Eight, when climbing a mountain, it is best to wear high-waisted leather shoes with hard soles. Hard soles are not afraid of stones and feet. Walking on the stone can also stretch the whole foot, and kicking the stone will not hurt your toes.
High waist can protect ankles and make feet and calves more flexible. Casual shoes are not suitable for mountain climbing. Their soles are almost as light as your soles. If you accidentally kick a stone, it's like a stone hitting your toe. 9. When climbing a mountain, you must prepare gloves. When you are near the top of the mountain, the road is often narrow or there is no road. When it is full of thorns, you should pry open the branches with your hands. Gloves can avoid scratching your hands with stabbing skills. When you use your hands and feet on a steep slope, gloves are equal to.
The more gloves you wear in summer, the denser the trees (thorns) are in summer than in winter. Ten, about the path on the mountain, there is no path on the mountain. Walking takes time and energy. Finding the way when climbing a mountain is like finding a tutor.
There must be a path in the following situations: there must be a path left by the line inspector under the wire crossing the mountain ridge; The place where the optical cable passes is also; If you go to the weir field, charcoal kiln or small places of interest (towers, springs, monuments, graves), there must be a path to take. Generally speaking, the path is suitable for going up the mountain, and it often doesn't go straight in the direction you want to go. It may go halfway around the mountain, and sometimes it even goes in the opposite direction.
Eleven, the path will not suddenly disappear. Once it suddenly disappears, you are likely to go the wrong way. Go back to the original road and carefully check where the path turns. Don't walk hard, even if you climb directly to the top of the mountain, you will lose your agility when climbing.
Sometimes the path will have a fork with the same width, maybe it is a temporary fork and it has not been long since the merger, maybe it is really a fork. At this time, it is necessary to judge according to the mountain, and even try to walk a few hundred meters.
12. Ask a fellow villager where the mountain road at the fork in the road turns ahead. What are the signs? They are several miles away from the previous fork, such as the first fork or where to see the target, how far is the last fork from the top of the mountain, and so on. The finer the better, remember. It is best to ask one or two fellow villagers to enrich or correct the information.
Thirteen, before going up the mountain, be sure to look north and find the top of the mountain that you can see from the small village. Look at the angle of connection between the two and the north, and make clear the sense of direction. Keep looking north when marching, and estimate how many angles you have turned when turning.
In the mountains, people's sense of direction is often wrong, and sometimes the sun is found in the "north", but the sun is not wrong. Believe it if you don't want to. 14. If you get lost down the mountain, go down the ditch. You can walk along the small ravine to the big ravine. There must be a road in Dashangou, which may not be able to return to the starting point, but it will not be very dangerous, especially when it is dark or foggy. It is safest to go down the mountain along the ditch.
Fifteen, down the steep slope, with * * *. Generally, when going down a steep slope, you should walk sideways, with your center of gravity later, and then move your feet steadily. Walking with your back on your back, your eyesight is not good and you are too slow.
You might as well walk on your back, that is, use your hands to move, which is safe and fast, and it takes a little pants. Sixteen, when going down a small slope, the two-step trot is the most efficient. When going down a small slope, small steps are tight, that is, small steps are frequent, and even a few steps can be trotted, because it is a waste to "brake" with strength and your feet are panicked.
The answer comes from the extreme outdoor network official website.
5. Social common sense questions, knowing what to answer, thank you 1. What mountains do the three mountains and five mountains mean?
1。
Three mountains: Yandang Mountain in Zhejiang, Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi and Huangshan Mountain in Anhui; Wuyue: Mount Tai in Dongyue, Huashan in Xiyue, Hengshan in Beiyue, Songshan in Zhongyue and Hengshan in Nanyue. 2。
Five internal organs: spleen, lung, kidney, liver and heart; Six fu organs: stomach, large intestine, small intestine, triple energizer, bladder and gallbladder. 3。
Seven emotions: joy, anger, sorrow, joy, love, evil and desire; Six desires: seeing desire (vision), hearing desire (hearing), smelling desire (smell), tasting desire (taste), touching desire (touch) and lust. 4。
Three urgency: There are several sayings: 1) One saying is "urgency, urgency, urgency, urgency". 2) People have three anxieties, that is to say, people must have them in one day: urgency, urgency, urgency, urgency and urgency. Sometimes you just can't hold it.
So it's called three urgency. 3): bridal chamber, having a baby, going to the toilet 4) According to ancient books, people have three urgent things: going to the toilet is urgent.
Bridal chamber urges marriage. The wife is born inside, and you wait outside.
5。 Hardware: refers to gold, silver, copper, iron and tin, and generally refers to metals.
6。 The so-called "three obedience" means: don't marry from the father, marry from the husband, and the husband dies in the child.
It means that girls should listen to their parents' instructions before getting married, and don't contradict the instructions of their elders at will, because their social knowledge is rich and has fundamental guiding significance; After marriage, you should be polite to your husband, keep a house and practice with your husband, respect the old and love the young; If the husband unfortunately dies before himself, he should stick to his duties, find ways to raise the children and respect their philosophy of life. Obedience here is not "following" in the superficial sense, but the essence of "engaging" with the nature of work.
The so-called "four virtues" refer to: virtue, tolerance, words and deeds, that is to say, being a woman, the first thing is virtue and being upright; Then there are looks (pointing out that you should be dignified and steady, and you can't be frivolous and casual), words (meaning that you should be free to add meaning when talking to others, understand what others say, and know what you should and shouldn't say) and the way of running a family (the way of running a family includes taking care of your husband, educating children, respecting the old and loving the young, being thrifty and so on). (Zhou Li Tianguan September 1st).
6. Knowledge about coming to Fengshan 100 words.
Laifengshan is a green pearl embedded in the south of Tengchong County, with a total area of 3,835 mu. It is one of the first 4 1 national forest parks in China.
Laifengshan is a shield-shaped volcanic cone composed of two craters, which looks like a phoenix. The park has lush vegetation and a wide variety, and the forest coverage rate is over 90%. In the mountains, there are dense forests of bamboo, lush pines, towering old trees, lush vegetation, birds and flowers.
Camellia, azaleas and cymbidium are dotted among them, which is a paradise where animals and plants live in harmony and have an ecological balance. Especially in recent years, the newly-built Camellia oleifera mother forest base, which mainly cultivates excellent varieties of Camellia oleifera, has 1 10 varieties and 2500 camellia oleifera plants with different shapes and colors. Camellia blooms in late winter and early spring, making the green trees colorful and dazzling. The ancient building on the mountain is Longfeng Temple in Nanzhao period, which was renamed Laifeng Temple in Ming Dynasty. The temple building is elegant and generous, and the Buddha statue is solemn. The white jade reclining Buddha and eighteen arhats presented by overseas Chinese living in Myanmar have the characteristics of Hinayana Buddhism in shape.
At the top of the mountain is Fengling Pagoda, also known as Wenbi Pagoda, which was built in Daoguang for seven years. The original tower was destroyed by the Japanese in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and was rebuilt in 1995. This tower has always been regarded as a symbol of outstanding figures in Tengchong, a famous city. Climbing to the top of the tower, you can overlook Tengchong and its surrounding mountains and rivers and rural scenery. There are still four War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression battlefield sites on the top of the mountain for tourists to visit.
7. What is the common sense of mountaineering travel?
Common sense of mountaineering travel 1.
In the process of climbing the mountain, the first thing to consider is safety. There are many climbers who are inexperienced and unfamiliar with the route. They must not act alone, but must obey the instructions and arrangements of the tour guide. 1。
Before you leave, you should know the tourist routes in detail and fully understand the traffic conditions, and you must not be complacent. After entering the mountainous area, we must pay attention to landslides, falling rocks and shoulder collapse. When you drive into the mountain, you must maintain the vehicle in advance, and pay attention to the location of gas stations, repair shops and hospitals along the way. 2。
Because the goods sold on the mountain are more expensive, you must prepare some snacks and drinks before climbing the mountain, and pay attention to the weather forecast and appropriately increase or decrease clothes. The climate on the mountain is changeable. It's best to take rain gear when climbing the mountain to avoid getting wet by the rain. In addition, it is best not to use an umbrella, but to use a poncho. It's windy on the mountain, so it's easy for people to run around with umbrellas and be struck by lightning.
Be careful to slip when walking on the mountain in snowy days. 3。
You should know your physical condition before climbing the mountain. If you have mountain sickness or physical discomfort, try not to climb the mountain, and don't take temporary actions to cause harm to your body. 4。
In the process of climbing the mountain, you should walk carefully, never look around and fight with each other, let alone walk or walk to see the scenery. Pay special attention to safety when taking pictures, and choose a place and angle that can ensure safety. If the rock shows signs of weathering, do not go near it.
5。 The climate on the mountain is much lower than that under the mountain, and the rooms on the mountain are cold and humid, so tourists should pay attention to wearing good clothes, especially those who stay on the mountain, and pay more attention to keeping warm to prevent colds.
It is best to soak your feet with hot water before going to bed to eliminate fatigue.