What happened on the super luxury cruise ship Princess Diamond attracted the attention of the whole world. This 5-star luxury cruise ship docked in Japan is also the first 1 16000-ton ultra-luxury cruise ship independently built by Japanese shipbuilding industry in Nagasaki. At ordinary times, this ship is mainly active in East Asia and Southeast Asia. After the problem occurred, the Japanese side stressed that the nationality of the ship was Britain. Therefore, it believes that from the perspective of international law, the nationality of the ship has the obligation to deal with this situation on board, but the Japanese side has no obligation.

However, the Japanese side also admits that it is a complicated issue who will handle the nationality country, the country where the ship operating company is located, the country where the crew is located and the coastal country. The ship was built by Japan itself and mainly operated in the Asia-Pacific region. What is the reason?

These are the professional names of modern international shipping industry. First, the nationality refers to the nationality of the ship. The owner of a merchant ship can obtain the nationality of the ship only after applying for the registration of the ownership of the ship to the relevant maritime administrative department at home or abroad and obtaining the nationality of the home country or the country of registration. The nationality of the ship is actually the nationality or identity document of the ship. All legally operated international seagoing ships should be registered.

The nationality of a ship is different from that of a person. The nationality of a person is generally the nationality of the country of birth or parents, but also the nationality of other countries after immigration. As the original investor, the shipowner is free to choose a ship registered in a certain country after the ship is built, which generally has nothing to do with the country where the ship is built. For example, the diamond princess above is made in Japan, but the registered country is Britain. According to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, civil ships all over the world are governed by the principle of the country of registration. For example, on the ship of the Diamond Princess, whether on the high seas or in the port, in principle, only English law applies. Unless a criminal case occurs on a ship in Japan's territorial waters,

Otherwise, Japan has no jurisdiction. However, UNCLOS does not consider what to do in the event of a major health condition. Therefore, the Japanese side cannot get rid of this burden; At the same time, the British side simply pretended not to have heard of it and turned a deaf ear. It can be seen that there are major loopholes in the Law of the Sea Convention itself. With the registration of the ship, there is naturally a flag. A flag is actually a flag indicating the nationality of a ship. The ship's registry is a document unknown to outsiders, but as long as the flag of the country of registry is hung, everyone can know the identity of the ship at a glance. Which country's laws apply.

The ship grade is an indicator of the technical status of the ship. In the international shipping industry, all marine vessels with a registered gross tonnage of more than 65,438+000 tons must be supervised by the classification society. Before the ship starts construction, the specifications of each part of the ship must be approved by the classification society. After the construction of each ship is completed, the classification society will identify the hull, machinery and equipment on board, draught marks and other items and performance, and issue a certificate of classification society. The validity period of the certificate is generally 4 years, and it needs to be re-evaluated after the expiration.

Ship classification is beneficial to safe operation. It is also convenient for insurance companies to determine the insurance costs of ships and goods. Therefore, the division of the first level is very similar to that of the family car, and it is easy to make claims if something goes wrong. There are many recognized classification societies in the world. This is also the cost of selling the standard income level. Therefore, this is also a struggle for the right to speak in international standards. Now the shipbuilding industry is leading the world, so new ships are generally classified by themselves.