Insulin is the only hormone in the body that lowers blood sugar and promotes the synthesis of glycogen, fat and protein.
Exogenous insulin is mainly used to treat diabetes and lower blood sugar.
2. Exogenous insulin can be divided into three sources: the first generation insulin and animal insulin, such as pig insulin, bovine insulin and sheep insulin. The structure of pig insulin is the most similar to that secreted by human body, but allergic reactions can also occur.
Second-generation insulin, human insulin: People express high-purity synthetic human insulin through genetic engineering (recombinant DNA) (transgenic) yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris or Hansenula Pasteurensis) or recombinant China hamster ovary (CHO), and its structure is the same as that secreted by human body. Adverse reactions such as allergic reaction and subcutaneous fat atrophy are greatly reduced.
The third generation of insulin, insulin analogues: through genetic engineering technology to develop insulin analogues that are more suitable for human physiological needs. This kind of insulin also has few adverse reactions and takes effect quickly, and is generally used in meals.
Exogenous insulin is injected into the body to help or replace insulin in the body to lower blood sugar. Whether you use it or not, this substance exists in your body. Moreover, this substance will not cause euphoria, hallucinations and so on. , so it will not be addictive!
3. When should I start insulin therapy? Generally speaking, for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c) ≥9.0% or fasting blood glucose ≥11.1mmol/l and obvious hyperglycemia, short-term (2 weeks to 3 months) intensive insulin therapy can be considered.
This will allow the islet to have a "rest" for a period of time, and the islet function can be improved to a certain extent! There are the following situations!
insulin
1 diabetic patients, their islet function is very poor, they can hardly secrete a little insulin, and they can only rely on exogenous insulin to help lower blood sugar!
For newly diagnosed patients with severe type 2 diabetes, such as diabetic ketoacidosis and diabetic hypertonic state, insulin should be used to lower blood sugar at this time to avoid the impact of hyperglycemia on life safety, and then an individualized hypoglycemic plan should be formulated.
Newly diagnosed diabetic patients, but it is difficult to distinguish between 1 type diabetes and type 2 diabetes from clinical symptoms and blood sugar values. At this time, you can also use insulin first, and then change the treatment plan after the diagnosis and classification are perfect.
When diabetic patients can't achieve the goal of lowering blood sugar through lifestyle improvement and oral drugs, especially those patients whose blood sugar is still high after taking four or five drugs, we can start the scheme of low-dose insulin combined with oral drugs.
Diabetes patients have recently lost weight, and there is no obvious inducement. Insulin is also recommended to lower blood sugar.
For patients with diabetes complicated with pregnancy or gestational diabetes, insulin is the first choice for rapid hypoglycemic and fetal safety.
Patients with diabetes complicated with pregnancy or gestational diabetes mellitus
4. When can I stop using insulin? Generally speaking, when the daily dose of insulin is less than 10 unit, and the islet function is still partially functional after evaluation, oral drugs can be used to lower blood sugar. But for many elderly diabetic patients with long course of disease and poor islet function, insulin is indeed the best choice.
Whether to use insulin depends not only on the condition, but also on the patient's own wishes.
Aipaile insulin pump
Insulin is not a drug, and patients have no mental or physical dependence on it. Of course, when our islet function is exhausted, insulin is indeed the best solution.