1, head and shoulders

The essentials of running-keep your head and shoulders stable. Keep your head forward. Don't lean forward unless the road is uneven. Keep your eyes on the front Relax your shoulders properly and avoid having a chest. Strength stretch-shrug. Relax your shoulders and droop, then shrug your shoulders as much as possible, stay for a while, and repeat after restoration.

2. Arms and hands

Essentials of running action-the swing arm should move back and forth with the shoulder as the axis, and the range of left and right movement should not exceed the midline of the body. Fingers, wrists and arms should be relaxed, and the elbow angle should be about 90 degrees. Strength stretching-elbow lifting and swing arm. The arms are in the ready-to-start posture, the elbow joint of the rear swing arm is raised as much as possible, and then the forward swing is relaxed. With the acceleration of the action, it is raised higher and higher.

3. Trunk and buttocks

Running essentials-keep upright from neck to abdomen, instead of leaning forward (unless accelerating or uphill) or leaning back, which is beneficial to breathing, balance and stride. Don't shake your torso from side to side or fluctuate too much. Actively send your hips when your legs swing forward, and pay attention to the rotation and relaxation of your hips when running. Strength stretching-lunge leg press. Separate your legs back and forth, shoulder width apart, and slowly press down on the center of your body until your muscles are tense, then relax and recover. The torso remains upright all the time.

4, waist

The essentials of running action-keep your waist naturally upright, not too straight. The muscles are slightly tense, so keep the trunk posture and pay attention to buffering the impact of the foot landing. Dynamic stretching-flexion and extension. Stand naturally, feet apart, shoulder width apart. Bend your torso forward slowly until your hands hang down to your toes, and keep it for a while before recovering.

5, thighs and knees

The essentials of running action-thighs and knees push forward, not up. Any lateral movement of the leg is unnecessary, and it is easy to cause knee joint injury, so the front swing of the thigh should be positive. Dynamic stretching-front bow. The distance between your feet is the same as the width of your hips. Hands behind your head. Bend forward from the hip joint. Keep your back straight until your biceps feel tense.

6, calf and achilles tendon

The essentials of running action-the foot should fall about a foot in front of the body, close to the center line. Don't cross the calf too far, so as not to strain the achilles tendon due to excessive stress. At the same time, we should pay attention to the cushioning of calf muscles and achilles tendon when landing, and the calf should actively scrape the ground backwards when landing, so that the body can actively move forward.

In addition, the calf should swing forward, and the foot should move forward as far as possible, and it can't be everted or everted, otherwise it will easily damage the knee joint and ankle joint. Dynamic stretching-supporting heel lifting. Stand facing the wall for about 1 m, stretch your arms forward shoulder width, and hold the wall with both hands. Raise your heel and then put it down. Feel the tension of calf and achilles tendon.

Extended data:

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I. Matters needing attention in operation:

1, posture

Running posture should be reasonable. Your upper body should be straight, lean forward slightly, relax your shoulders, bend your elbows naturally, and swing your arms back and forth at your sides. In the process of running, the stride length is not required to be large, but the stride frequency and stride length should be basically the same. Pay attention to the stability of the body's center of gravity, not ups and downs.

Step 2 breathe

Breathing during running is very important. Breathing should have a certain rhythm. When breathing through the nose and mouth at the same time, the mouth does not need to be too wide, and the tongue can be rolled up to prolong the time of air in the mouth and reduce the stimulation of cold air to the respiratory tract. Beginners can suck in two steps and shout in three. Pay attention to exhaling gas from the lungs as much as possible every breath to increase the effective ventilation.

3. Strength

With the growth of age, our physical and mental endurance has dropped to the edge of the cliff. Decreased muscle protein is a typical aging disease. In the elderly, falls and fractures are more common because of their decreased muscle strength and extreme weakness. Research shows that strength training can also effectively reduce the frequency of falls and fractures in the elderly.

No matter what age runners are, few people try to exercise muscles outside their legs. However, in daily training, regularly arranging a series of simple upper limb strength exercises will effectively improve the running ability of trainers. The purpose is to improve the strength and endurance of shoulders and arms, as well as the strength of abdominal and back muscles. Through the rational use of arms, the runner's performance can be improved by nearly 12%. Ordinary runners who don't know how to use their arms are unfortunate. The longer they run, the more tired their arms are.

Increase the strength of the upper arm through simple push-up exercises. Strengthen the running power as much as possible. Once you have a certain endurance foundation, the easiest way to increase your stride is to run in the mountains. A regular mountain running plan will have a miraculous effect on daily running, especially on competition results. Mountain running can enhance the strength of runners' thighs, enhance the coordination of legs and enhance the coordination of the brain.

It has a greater impact on older runners. According to the survey of Stanford University, the bone mineral density of the elderly who run mountains is much larger than that of the elderly who have not participated in training or participated in lack of stimulation training.

4. Speed

For a runner, there are many ways to carry out speed training: going to track and field and repeating various sprints; Play speed games; Run down the hill quickly; Take part in competitions, etc. Speed training is available to everyone, especially the elderly, because it keeps the gait and good biomechanical structure of the human body, which will gradually disappear with the increase of age. Many adults who have never run think that they just adapt to jogging at the speed of mile 10 minute day after day, regardless of the intensity and speed of running, which is incorrect.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia running