1 preface
1On June 20th, 995, the State Council officially approved and promulgated the Outline of the National Fitness Program (hereinafter referred to as the Outline). This is a national-led, social-supported and nationwide-mobilized physical fitness program.
Starting from the strategic height of facing the 2 1 century and improving the national quality, this paper puts forward new clear requirements for the goals, tasks and measures of national fitness in China. The "Outline" clearly puts forward: "Take the people of the whole country as the implementation target, and focus on young people and children". As a place to train teenagers, how to carry out physical education in a targeted way, and what is the understanding, investment and current health status of middle school students? What are the problems in physical education teaching? How to combine sports with the national fitness plan? How to change the old teaching mode, establish a brand-new education system, and guide and train students? On the basis of investigation, this paper analyzes and discusses the above problems, and puts forward some countermeasures to strengthen students' physique and improve teaching quality.
2 objects and methods
2. 1 research object
There are 200 students in Yizhang County, Beihu District, Zixing City, Anren County and Guidong County of Chenzhou City 10 ordinary middle school, including boys 108 and girls 92.
2.2 Research methods
① Questionnaire survey: the effective response rate was 95.2%; 2 interview. Interview with physical education teachers in some counties and cities.
2.3 Survey content
According to the requirements of the implementation method of "12 1 starting project", combined with the specific situation of middle school students, a questionnaire was compiled, including the understanding of the outline, daily exercise time, exercise purpose, exercise method, factors affecting exercise, favorite items, sports consumption, sports books and periodicals and so on.
3 Results and analysis
3. 1 Investigation and analysis of middle school students' sports consciousness, fitness consciousness and sports ability. The results show that 25.5% middle school students don't understand the Outline at all, which shows that the propaganda of the national fitness plan in middle schools is not enough. 84% middle school students have a correct understanding of sports, and they think that participating in sports activities is to strengthen their physique and improve their health. This shows that the purpose of middle school students participating in physical exercise is clear and the mainstream of motivation is good, but there are also some problems. They only pay attention to the direct motivation of participating in exercise-physical activity itself, but lack the indirect motivation-the result of physical activity, and once the indirect motivation is formed, it will produce great enthusiasm and persistence. How to guide students' direct motivation to sublimate into indirect motivation is a problem worthy of serious consideration by every middle school physical education teacher in teaching, which should arouse our great attention. 28.3% of girls are trying to stay slim, which shows that female middle school students are more inclined to pursue beauty. It is also found in the survey that most students have only mastered the exercise method of 1-2, and their physical ability is poor, which is in contrast to the teaching that has paid attention to sports techniques for decades. At the same time, it shows that physical education should change from exam-oriented education to quality education, and physical education needs constant reform and improvement.
3.2 Factors that hinder middle school students from participating in physical exercise
The main factors that hinder middle school students from participating in physical exercise are objective factors and subjective factors. The survey results show that 53.5% students think that poor exercise conditions are the main factors that affect their participation in physical exercise. According to relevant data, no playground and gymnasium in Chenzhou middle school meet the national requirements, and there are even fewer sports equipment that meet the Complete Catalogue. The serious shortage of venue equipment directly affects the smooth progress of teaching and the needs of students' extracurricular physical exercise. In addition, 22.5% people gave up physical exercise because of learning tasks, 17.5% people left exercise slowly because of external interference, accounting for 40.96% of the total survey. Most of them are students in grade three and grade three, which shows that they are still seriously affected by "taking exams". 59.5% middle school students like ball games best, 15% like martial arts, but they are interested in track and field, quality, equipment gymnastics and other projects, and only 6%, 7.5% and 10% respectively like them. Because of students' preference for sports and their concentration on extracurricular activities, it is bound to put some pressure on the use of venues and equipment. In order to alleviate this contradiction, it is necessary to guide students' interest in sports.
3.3 Middle school students invest less in sports.
Middle school students' sports investment includes time investment and material investment.
3.3. 1 Middle school students spend less time on physical education.
According to the survey, the average daily exercise time of 200 people is 19 minutes, and those who exercise less than 30 minutes are 168, accounting for 84% of the total. Only 32 people, accounting for 16%, took more than 40 minutes. This simply can't meet the requirement that everyone must have one hour of exercise time every day stipulated by the State Education Commission, and the physical exercise time from Grade One to Grade Three is decreasing. There are three main reasons for this phenomenon: first, the subjective positioning of health standards is inaccurate, people think that no illness is health, and they don't know enough that acquiring adaptability should be the result of long-term exercise, thus lacking the enthusiasm and initiative of exercise; Second, because schools don't pay enough attention to physical education. As a result, the activities of "two exercises and two practices" are not carried out normally or lack strict organization and management; Third, the exam-oriented education is still very serious, which leads to the aggravation of students' learning tasks and reduces the opportunities for students in grade three and grade three to participate in physical exercise. Coupled with the influence of students' subjective and objective factors, they spend all their time studying or would rather waste extra time than devote themselves to physical exercise.
3.3.2 Middle school students' sports consumption is low.
The survey shows that the sports consumption level of middle school students is very low, with an average of 22.5 yuan per person per year. 86% of middle school students' sports expenditure is lower than that of 30 yuan, which is mainly used to buy sports shoes. 14% of middle school students' annual sports expenditure is 40.80 yuan, which is far from the102% of China's annual sports expenditure shown by relevant data. In short, how to correctly guide them to make reasonable investment in sports needs to be paid attention to. Middle school students have some knowledge, but they know little about sports. The average rate of newspapers and magazines is 0.38%. There are 79.596 students who have no sports books at all, and they seldom care about other sports books except the necessary teaching materials.
4 development countermeasures
4. 1 Increase the publicity of the outline.
Since the promulgation and implementation of the Outline, 74.5% of middle school students don't understand it. Therefore, schools should carry out publicity, physical education teachers should use the first class of each semester and indoor classes in rainy classrooms to organize students to learn, and use blackboard newspapers and publicity windows to issue a special issue of the Outline every month to let everyone know the knowledge of the Outline.
4.2 Middle school students have a strong sense of sports health, but poor sense of sports ability and participation.
According to the requirements of "Outline", students' physical education teaching should pay attention to cultivating students' physical exercise skills, so that they can gradually form the habit of conscious exercise, so that students can fully realize that physical exercise should be a highly conscious action of "not being asked by others, but consciously exercising for health", firmly establish the concept of lifelong physical education, and put physical exercise in an important position in life development.
4.3 The phenomenon that middle school students' physical fitness and comprehensive quality decline due to the reduction of exercise time should be highly valued by our education. School physical education should be in accordance with the requirements of the "Regulations on School Physical Education" to ensure that students have one hour of exercise time every day. Often carry out colorful extracurricular sports activities and form a tradition, set up various sports interest groups to meet the needs of different students and drive all students to participate in extracurricular sports activities. Encourage students to increase their investment in sports.
4.4 Vigorously promote quality education, put all-round training in the first place to improve students' quality, develop personality and cultivate new talents for the country, so that quality education can take root, blossom and bear fruit in all schools.
4.5 Poor school environment hinders students' enthusiasm to participate in sports. Therefore, school leaders at all levels should attach importance to the construction of sports venues, and education administrative departments should increase investment in this area. Schools should also expand and rebuild under the existing conditions, focusing on the transformation of old facilities and under the guidance of the principle of high efficiency and low investment, so as to meet the needs of students. Your authoritative image