[Review Guide]

In recent years, the composition of senior high school entrance examination is mainly topic composition, with less genre restrictions, and other propositional forms, such as full-proposition composition, semi-proposition composition and material composition, have less genre restrictions (only a few areas restrict poetry genre), encouraging candidates to innovate boldly. However, most candidates often write narratives and argumentative essays, which are the same and have no new ideas. The following mistakes often appear in the choice of genre.

1. Seeing an essay topic related to one's life experience, I blindly choose a narrative. For example, Haidian District in Beijing is entitled "Learn to be a man", Huanggang City in Hubei Province is entitled "Sincere apology", Anhui Province is entitled "Cherish what you have" and Guangzhou Province is entitled "If you give me another chance". Many candidates write narratives to describe their experiences.

2. When encountering a material composition or topic composition of "Prompt+Topic", first choose to write an argumentative essay (after reading). For example, the material composition in Hebei Province, the composition on the topic of "commitment" in the senior high school entrance examination in Shaanxi Province, and the composition on the topic of "listening" in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province. Many candidates express their opinions and opinions on the materials and write argumentative papers.

3. Genre innovation mechanically chooses diaries, letters and other forms. For example, Shanghai's My Sight, Tianjin is entitled "Trouble" and Sichuan is entitled "Treasure". Many candidates write in the form of a single diary and letter, which is not only novel in form, but also pale in content.

The composition of the senior high school entrance examination advocates innovation, and the topic here explains the innovation of genre, which is what we usually call the innovation of style (form). Styles can be roughly divided into two categories: literary and practical. Literature and art include: prose, poetry, novels, plays, fables, fairy tales, science fiction works, etc. Practical writing includes: narrative writing, argumentative writing, explanatory writing, practical writing (letters, notices, contracts, advertisements, diaries, diagnostic reports, dialogues, news reports, program records, etc.). ). The common styles of senior high school entrance examination composition are narrative, argumentative and prose. The genre innovation we are talking about here mainly refers to writing styles other than common styles. Students in the style of innovation, you can start from the following aspects:

1, drama sketch. Writing drama sketches needs to focus on sharp contradictions and conflicts, and the time and space of character activities need to be relatively concentrated and field.

The scenery hasn't changed much. There are not many characters, but they are vivid. Topics related to family life and school society can choose this style, such as "family", "family education" and "friendship".

2. Communication report. The third volume of the new junior middle school Chinese textbook published by People's Education Press has two units of composition training, which requires students to learn to write communication reports. Taking advantage of the authenticity of communication reports, the article is true, touching and more convincing. This form can be used in all articles praising the excellent qualities of characters and reporting their advanced deeds, avoiding the monotony of narration.

3. Fairy tales and fables. Fairy tales and fables, through imagination and association, form illusory images of things reflected in people's minds in real life and contain profound truth. This can avoid the simple narration of general narratives and the boring reasoning of general argumentative essays, giving people a refreshing feeling. This form can be used for composition topics related to personal ideological quality, values and philosophy of life.

4. Dialogue and interview. "Keep your word" can show a person's personality characteristics through character language, and at the same time, the dialogue is free and flexible, and the conversation content is all-encompassing. The common forms are interview question and answer, face-to-face communication and telephone conversation. Many excellent short stories are also optimistic about this form. Social hotspots and controversial issues in people's lives can be written in this form. Take "network" and "small but big" as topics.

5. A new story. This form is often based on a well-known person or event, and it is integrated into people's real life to achieve the purpose of reappearing life. Most of the articles are full of fun and satire, which makes readers educated and inspired by laughter.

6. Alternative style. Alternative styles are seldom used in our writing, such as notices, contracts, advertisements, diagnostic reports, instructions, electronic announcements, etc. This style should be based on the specific content, not blindly selected, and generally suitable for satirical articles. For example, in the composition of the senior high school entrance examination on the topic of "family education", a candidate chose the form of contract. This senior high school entrance examination composition is novel and lively, with light humor and heavy emphasis. The perfect combination of content and form got full marks.

Family education contract

Contractor:

Hu Dashuang (father) Wang Damei (mother) (Party A)

Hu (son) (Party B)

In order to do a good job in family education and improve Party B's academic performance, Party A signs this contract through negotiation.

1. If Party B fails to score 80 points in each exam, Party A will punish Party B for sweeping the floor for one week, deduct pocket money 5 yuan, and deduct living expenses 5 yuan if failing, and Party B will unconditionally obey.

2. If Party A's relatives and friends come to play mahjong at home, Party B shall not actively interfere. Party B can go out and find a quiet place to study by himself, and the specific situation will be negotiated temporarily.

……

7. If Party B is admitted to a key high school, Party A will reward Party B with a mobile phone (Motorola 998++). If Party B fails the exam, Party A has the right to deprive Party B of the right to go to school.

8. This contract is made in duplicate, one for each party.

Organizer: Hu Dashuang and Wang Damei (signature) (seal)

Hu (signature) (seal)

April 2004 1 day

[Typical title 1]

Students are in the period of gradually forming their outlook on life and world view, and it is inevitable that they will be influenced by various temptations in society, such as the temptation of money, the temptation of rights and the temptation of honor ... In the face of these temptations, we middle school students should have our own calm thinking and rational choices.

Please write an article of about 700 words on the topic of "facing temptation", or describe your own experience, or express your feelings, or comment, or make up a story. The topic is self-made and the style is up to you.

[Creative inspiration]

In fact, in some cases, most people can't stand the temptation, but we can't directly write articles to satirize or criticize them. We might as well shift our perspective to the animal world and write fairy tales and fables to alert the world.

Many people in society are striving for fame and fortune. Are their relatives like this? Do their friends' relatives have this situation? We might as well choose a specific occasion and focus on it in the form of drama sketches. Subtly describe their actions, words and deeds, and demeanor.

"Facing temptation", different people have different views. We might as well write it in the form of electronic advertisements, focusing on the views of representative figures. As for who to choose, students should pay attention to it.

This topic is most suitable for innovation in the form of new stories, relying on a historical figure or a figure in myths and legends, integrating into modern people's concept of life and satirizing ugly things. Students choose the person who is most interested to have a try!

[Model example]

Bajie became an official.

Green pine trees

It is said that Bajie came back from the Buddhist scriptures and was named the messenger of the net altar. Although he is a senior official, he has no real power. The daily work is to clean up the Buddha's offerings. Most of these sacrifices are vegetarian horns, but in a few months, the pork tenderloin has lost two laps. Many times, I want to go out to play something rich. For one thing, I am afraid that the Buddha will find out, and for another, the salary of a few taels of silver a month is really not enough to let go of my belly. When Wukong saw it, he sneered, "What a fool! He really wants to be a new variety of lean meat! " Listening to this damn sneer, Bajie made up his mind to change his position.

Flattery is Bajie's strong point. In order to go further, Bajie bought a pirated "Asshole Classic" from the stall and watched it for three days and nights. Seeing Pig's sincerity, Wukong pointed out, "Now it's not like saying a few good words on the road to the West, just to coax our stupid master into obedience. Haven't you ever heard of "it takes more than 20 thousand to upgrade from a minor to a major" You can't do things without money. " Wukong borrowed twenty-two thousand pieces of silver from Marshal Zhao Gong for Bajie. Six months later, Bajie was appointed as the governor of the absurd state.

The meaningless state is a famous state in the sky and a land of wealth. As soon as Bajie arrived, the local mountain gods and land gods greeted Bajie, enjoying delicacies every day and sauna massage every night. The squire and the rich wanted to invite Pig to "sit down", but they couldn't get in line for ten and a half days. "Busy," Pig sighed. "I was looking forward to a bowl of hot rice on my way to the West, and I became Amitabha. Unexpectedly, eating and drinking today has become a burden. " In order to cope with all kinds of banquets, except personnel and finance, other things in the state are shared with the first deputy governor Jin Maoshi.

On this day, Bajie drank too much and vomited, and was admitted to the hospital. The governor is in hospital, which is a big event, and people come to see him in an endless stream. After a "illness", Bajie made a net profit of 400,000 ... On the way to the west, everyone called Bajie "an idiot", which was really wrong. This Bajie, who doesn't watch the party all day, has a clear mind. Even summed up such an incisive "secret" of officialdom as "if you want to be rich and move cadres, you should only study it and not publish it." After three years, my waist has tripled and my villa has been built five times. Brother Wukong came to visit, and the meal cost of "Forget Me" was 12 thousand silver, which surprised the monkey head.

To Bajie's greatest satisfaction, Chang 'e in the Moon Palace came to see her and wanted to get back together with Bajie. Pig said, "When I was handsome and you were Marshal Hua Gai, Miss Chang 'e still didn't like me. Now I was born in the wrong place, and I look like a pig. Why did you come to me? Have you taken the wrong medicine? Chang 'e said, "Governor Pig is not a bad person." . At first, it was a little girl as blind as a bat. Besides, in that era, loyalty, filial piety and chastity were the most important. Now, wealth and power are heroes, and looks are nothing.

In the fourth year of Bajie's term as the satrap, Heaven received a report that the governor pig of Wuyizhou took bribes and the governor lion demanded bribes. Li Tianwang's order was investigated, and the Jade Emperor was also surprised. I didn't expect there to be such a corrupt official under my name. Bajie took bribes of 500 million taels of silver and 400 million taels of golden lion, and nobody liked them and swallowed them all at once. In the past few years, the population of Wuzangzhou has been greatly reduced, enterprises have closed down and beggars can be seen everywhere ... Wuzhangzhou has become the poorest place. Bajie and Jin Maoshi were each sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment.

Li Tianwang: "That idiot is not a good thing at first sight. Just be a messenger to clean the altar and feed a pig. Can he stand all kinds of temptations? " Who agreed to let him step down and put him in a place where nonsense is so important? "

The court was silent and no one answered.

[analysis]

This article is an excellent innovative work, which depicts the image of Bajie, the victim of fame and fortune slaves, in the form of a new story. It is better to write about the corrupt officials in our real life than to write about the eight precepts. The unique style and humorous language make people applaud. This style is much better than the general satirical argumentative essay, which contains the theme to be expressed in humor.

[Typical Title II]

Take _ _ _ _ _ _ or _ _ _ _ as the topic.

Requirements: ① Choose a topic to complete the topic, and then write a composition.

(2) the style is not limited, with more than 600 words.

③ Strive for innovation.

[conception]

With the theme of "Walking into War-torn Iraq", write an imaginary composition, in which you learn about the dangerous situation in Iraq and the tenacious resistance of the people through news reports, and write that you become a reporter to interview Iraq in a "dream" way, report the tragic situation of Iraq's bombing and the anger and resistance of the broad masses of the people to the war, and express the theme of longing for peace, opposing war and practicing humanitarian care.

Write a narrative with the theme of "Entering the Internet" and write your true feelings about online chat in the age of science and technology. Chatting with a classmate in the class on the Internet on Valentine's Day reflects the inner world of adolescent middle school students and the interest brought by high technology in the Internet age to people's lives, so as to tell the truth and express the true feelings.

Taking "Into Lu Xun" as the topic, this paper objectively evaluates Mr. Lu Xun from the perspective of middle school students, and combines his works to reproduce the broad mind and lofty spiritual world of great writers, thinkers and revolutionaries.

Write a philosophical essay on "Getting out of the cycle of self-restraint". Starting from the touch of the idiom "draw the ground as a prison", the main part is that psychologists have done the same experiment for primary school students, middle school students and kindergarten grade three children. The rule is to draw five circles on the ground, and then let any five children stand in the circles. The educational psychologist walked away without saying a word and watched from a distance. I found that three of the children were at a loss and stood dumbfounded in the circle, while the other two ran out of the circle and chased and roughed up without restraint. Educational psychologists conducted the same experiment on middle school students. Surprisingly, all five middle school students stayed motionless in the circle for half an hour. They just looked at each other and regarded the circle as a prison. It was not until the end that educational psychologists invited them out of this circle. These two experiments aroused the enthusiasm of educational psychologists. So he did the same experiment on five children in kindergarten. A miracle happened. The five children didn't stand in the circle for ten seconds, but ran out of the circle almost at the same time. Finally, the theme is: we should keep our free and free thoughts in childhood, so as to stimulate the spark of innovation at all times.

In fact, this interview form is also a good writing form to walk into someone and communicate with someone, which is conducive to depicting characters. Students might as well make use of it, such as walking into Qin Shihuang, Chen Shimei and Einstein ... Of course, they can also write travel notes, such as walking into the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang and walking into the mountains. You can also write your own understanding of a work, such as walking into Grimm's fairy tales, walking into the tragic world and so on.

As for the topic of "going out of _ _ _ _ _ _", we should think from two aspects, one is to go out of a real place, and the other is to go out of the invisible shackles, that is, the old patterns, old frames and even some wrong things that exist in people's understanding, concepts and thoughts, such as "going out of the misunderstanding of male-female communication" and "going out of the shadow of inferiority".

[Model example]

Don't do it, Esme's online one-on-one hit

-Animal Kingdom War

happy

D 'Addaan's aggression against lesbians is going on fiercely. In addition to the confrontation between the troops, the heads of the two countries also had a fierce confrontation on the Internet. Now extract some contents. )

Esme (Head of Lala State): Bubugan (Head of Dada State), why did you openly send troops to invade our country without the authorization of the Antonio Congress, with no regard for relevant international laws?

Bob: Does this need authorization? We suspect that there are a lot of chemical and biological weapons in your country, and we have repeatedly stated that you should destroy them, but you didn't listen, which is simply self-inflicted. Smart Mr Esme, you should understand that the authorization of the Antonio Congress is just a form, and we D 'Addaan can ignore it.

Esme: That's great! We lesbians will definitely use shotguns to drive away jackals!

Do you want to do it or not? You know the "Red Fox" operation a few years ago. This time, we will occupy Lala in an hour, leaving you with no good end. Perhaps, if you surrender voluntarily, step down automatically, or simply commit suicide, we will withdraw immediately so as not to hurt innocent civilians.

Esme: We lesbians have backbone! We will never surrender! You will see that there are no refugees in our refugee camp. They are all tenacious fighters! Ha ha!

Bob: No way. Who is not afraid of death? Our advanced weapons are not controlled by anyone. We advocate zero casualties in war, but this is not necessarily the case. It is inevitable that weapons will accidentally go off. Watch your head!

Esme: God help me! Our expatriates have returned and gone to the front. Don't be afraid of sandstorms, we are fully capable of turning the desert into your grave!

To do or not to do: We will use all available strength. We will send another 200,000 fox soldiers to seek the understanding and help of other countries by all means. Many countries around us have military airports that can replenish fresh blood at any time. We have occupied a large area of your south and north, and the victory belongs to us! Wealth belongs to us!

Esme: mean! For wealth and jewelry, by hook or by crook, use force to threaten small countries, pure international gendarmerie! But in the battle of tea in winter, what did your fiasco show? Explain that Dada is so much! The lesbian people will definitely fight to the end! I'm sure to win

……

Bubby: We'll wait and see! Ha ha!

Esme: Let's wait and see! Hahaha!

(Bubu Bubu is not ready to speak, three images suddenly appear on the computer screen: First, Dada soldiers are struggling to move forward in the desert and hurriedly withdrawing troops. Second, the Lala people cheered for victory. Third, Senator Dada impeached Bo and asked him to "dismiss". At this time, Bubu had nothing to say, but just sat and became speechless. )

……

(Disclaimer: This story is pure fiction. If there are similarities, it is purely coincidental. )

[analysis]

The first time I read this article, I felt very scared. Can I write it like this? Are there any other questions? When I read a cartoon (George H.W. Bush and Saddam played a boxing match), I was deeply inspired and thought that Yiran's article was an innovative masterpiece. This paper reproduces the confrontation between the leaders of the two countries in the animal world war through online dialogue, which embodies the author's correct position. Who is right and who is wrong in this war, and how the people on both sides view it, the article has its own explanation. In particular, the three pictures envisaged by the author have some truth and fully reflect the innovative ability of young authors.

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Answer readers' questions about stylistic innovation

Gao Chaojun

Q: In recent years, I have read a lot of "different" and "innovative" college entrance examination compositions in newspapers and periodicals, such as "The Death of Red Rabbit", the diagnosis report of patient Wu and the application letter of Cyclops. Is it a shortcut to write "alternative" and "innovative" college entrance examination compositions?

A: This is a big misunderstanding of the composition of the college entrance examination. Every year, there are a lot of "alternative" and "innovative" styles in college entrance examination compositions. I have even seen cross talk, allegro and three sentences and a half in marking the college entrance examination, but it is really rare to write well. What is published in newspapers and periodicals is generally the best of this kind of style. It is impossible to publish a large number of low-scoring articles, which are invisible to the general candidates. Therefore, some candidates can't see it. It can be said that there is no difference in style when marking the college entrance examination papers. When marking, all styles must be treated equally. The key is to see whether the article is well written.

In addition, students must understand that the vision of news is different from that of marking college entrance examination compositions. There is a famous saying in the news: "Dog bites is not news, but people bite is news." You write the college entrance examination composition in a general and basic style, such as narrative, argumentative, essay, etc. This is "dog bites", which is normal and should be, and of course it has no news value; And if you write in the so-called "alternative" and "innovative" style, it is "man bites dog", which is abnormal and newsworthy. Therefore, it is not surprising that news newspapers especially favor "alternative" and "innovative" styles. But this does not mean that it is particularly easy to get high marks in writing college entrance examination compositions with "alternative" and "innovative" styles.

Moreover, in these "alternative" styles, there are few truly original articles, because originality is not so easy after all. Most articles are imitated step by step by others. For example, in 2000, there was an essay in Jiangsu called Four-Act Drama that got a high score. As a result, in recent years, a large number of X-screen dramas have appeared in college entrance examination compositions. Balzac once said: The first person who compares a woman to a flower is a genius, the second is a mediocrity, and the third is an idiot. Imitation works such as "X-screen drama" are even less likely to get high marks.

In fact, you can't choose what style to use when writing the college entrance examination composition. Style is a kind of formal norm that people sum up from writing practice and article phenomenon. Content and form are inseparable, and a certain content must be expressed in a certain form, or the content must be expressed in a certain form; Once a certain style becomes a formal norm, it is inevitable to expect something to adapt to it. Under the expected function of style as a formal norm, people will have some reading expectations when reading. For example, when people read practical writing, they want to know what they are told; When reading the explanatory text, I hope to gain some knowledge; When reading narrative, I hope to get emotional influence from it; When reading argumentative papers, I hope to know the author's views and opinions. If people can't get what they want from it, he has reason to think that this is not a good article. In other words, a certain style does not play a special role in expressing content, and readers have reason to think that it is affectation or even nonsense. In recent years, such artificial and even meaningless articles are common in college entrance examination compositions, and some so-called "product manuals" and "multiple-choice questions" can hardly be called "articles". This "noisy" will lead the "style choice" astray.

Therefore, when writing the college entrance examination composition, I always disapprove of playing too many tricks in style. The truly excellent college entrance examination composition depends on the content, and those "alternative" articles with high scores are mostly the perfect combination of content and form. The "innovation" in the "development level" of college entrance examination composition certainly includes the innovation of form, but the form must serve the content and contribute to the performance of the content. Therefore, I advise the majority of candidates, in the case of "style choice", to honestly choose the most basic and basic style, and must have a sense of style. Writing a narrative is like a narrative, and writing an argumentative essay is like an argumentative essay. "Without Jin Gangzuan, don't take porcelain work." Don't try the so-called "innovative" and "alternative" styles easily without full assurance, especially don't play games without substantive content.

____________________________________________________

Special drug instructions

Please read the instructions carefully after self-reflection, and use this medicine according to the instructions or under the guidance of pharmacists.

Drug name: accumulate wisdom.

Main components: culture, quality and good mentality.

Description: This product is colorless and tasteless.

Function category: this product is an over-the-counter drug, which is used to treat lack of knowledge and mental emptiness.

Main functions: cultivate self-cultivation, eliminate impetuousness, increase knowledge, broaden horizons and get rid of emptiness.

Usage and dosage: reading: early patients read at least three hours a day, and late patients read more than five hours a day, which should be adhered to for a long time; Appreciation, all patients must listen to music every day and visit art treasures as much as possible.

Storage: Please keep it in a good cultural environment.

Etiological analysis:

First, with the rapid development of the economy, people's living standards are constantly improving, and people with fast pace of life ignore the necessary reading, and often feel that "books are used."

Second, China has entered the Internet age. Many people sit in front of computers almost all day, especially young people, whether at work or in their spare time. It can be said that surfing the internet has replaced many forms of entertainment, and leisure ways such as listening to concerts and visiting museums are gradually being ignored by people. In other words, some spiritual cultures have been abandoned by many people.

Some people think that money is everything. As long as you have money, you can make your descendants worry about food and clothing, but their descendants are just "deformed children" hidden under gorgeous clothes and will never move forward.

Treatment plan:

No matter what occupation you are engaged in, please don't forget to add some cultural activities after your fast-paced work.

First, reading is a good choice. Books are the ladder of human progress. If you don't gain some knowledge through reading, the so-called fast pace is just like standing still. Even if the frequency is accelerated, there is no progress at all.

Second, if something complicated bothers you, you might as well listen to music and relax your nervous mood. Good music can cultivate a person's sentiment and help you improve your personal quality. Why don't you love music?

If you are interested, visit the museum. Famous paintings, sculptures, pottery and other artistic treasures are rare works, which can cultivate a person's aesthetic taste. What a pleasure it is to be in such an art palace!

I dabble in books, listen to bamboo, listen to famous books, not to become knowledgeable, at least my heart will be enriched. No matter which accumulation method you choose, you must stick to it. When your wealth and knowledge are accumulated at the same time, your life is perfect.

Since this drug came into the market, people come to buy it every day in an endless stream, and many people who have used it have also expressed their feelings through the news media.

A: I insist on taking this medicine every day, and now I feel much richer.

B: Cultural knowledge is indispensable for human progress and social development!

C: Now I know the meaning of "knowledge changes fate".

Ding: Under my gorgeous appearance, I am not a "freak". Those who create wealth with knowledge are truly rich.

This article shows that junior high school students still have many styles, so don't deliberately destroy them, or you won't get high marks in the exam. And I also read an article about seeing a doctor-the old eye diagnoses strange diseases for tennis superstars and business wizards, which is similar to this article.