Postpartum check-up item GoTop

Task 1: weight

Weight is a basic indicator of human health, and it is abnormal to be overweight or underweight. After a new mother gives birth to a baby, her weight will change in stages. Under normal circumstances, she will gradually return to the pre-pregnancy level within 2 months. However, because we have the habit of "confinement", postpartum nutrition is rich and there are too few activities, which often makes the new mother's weight increase instead of decreasing. Once it exceeds the standard, it will bring many health hazards. Weight measurement can monitor the nutritional intake and physical recovery of new mothers, and always remind new mothers to prevent unbalanced nutritional intake and uncoordinated activities from endangering their health.

Test content:

Weighing is very simple. New mothers can do it by themselves at home with a pedal scale.

Pay attention to compare the measured weight with the weight before and after pregnancy. Postpartum 1 month, that is, during confinement, the weight should remain basically stable, and the increase or decrease should not exceed 2 kg. Two months after delivery, weight loss, under normal circumstances to reduce 5 ~ 8 kg, close to the pre-pregnancy weight value. If the weight does not decrease but increases, and it grows rapidly, we should pay attention to properly adjusting our diet and increasing our activity; If you lose weight too fast, you should also pay attention. On the one hand, you should strengthen nutrition, on the other hand, you can consider checking your metabolic system.

Precautions:

The best time to measure your weight is about two hours after lunch, and the weight measured at this time can best reflect your physical condition.

In addition, because postpartum weight examination is not a separate number, it is very important to maintain the weight value before and after pregnancy.

Task 2: Take blood pressure

Blood pressure is a routine examination, which is often misunderstood as "routine work" and cannot attract the attention of new mothers.

In fact, changes in blood pressure will have a serious impact on the body in many ways. Long-term increase in blood pressure can easily lead to systemic vasospasm, which reduces the effective circulating blood volume, while ischemia and decreased oxygen carrying capacity may endanger organs and tissues of the whole body. If the brain, heart, liver, kidney and other important organs are threatened, their pathophysiological changes may lead to convulsions, coma, brain edema, cerebral hemorrhage and so on. And even death.

Regular blood pressure measurement can take timely measures to control the increase of postpartum blood pressure, prevent the occurrence of the above risks, master the fluctuation law of blood pressure, and reduce the health hazards caused by blood pressure changes.

Check content:

Go to the hospital regularly and test yourself at home.

You need to bring your own pressure gauge for self-test at home. It is better to observe it once a day according to the instructions of the pressure gauge, and try to ensure that the arm on the same side is fixed at the same time and place, which is more reliable.

Go to the hospital for test, usually 2 weeks 1 time. If the blood pressure is normal for many times, 0 months can be changed to 1 time. Generally, you don't have to go to the hospital for testing after 3 months.

Precautions:

The new mother must be quiet when taking her blood pressure. If she has just done a light activity, she should rest for 10 ~ 15 minutes. Otherwise, taking blood pressure immediately will artificially increase the blood pressure reading. It is best not to eat, smoke or hold your urine half an hour before pressure measurement, and try to avoid nervousness, anxiety, cold and overheating. These factors will affect the accuracy of measurement.

Task 3: Breast Examination

Postpartum breasts will be full of milk and become very plump and delicate. Because of the heavy responsibility of feeding the baby, I contact the baby's tender face and mouth every day, and the breasts are also very "weak", and often even minor trauma can't bear it. Breast fullness, breast pain, obstruction, etc. Frequent trouble with new mothers may lead to serious mastitis, threaten breast health, and affect the lactation system, leading to symptoms such as milk deposition, fever, ipsilateral lymph node enlargement and leukocytosis. The milk secreted by the breast directly affects the baby's health. Therefore, the physical examination of the breast is not only the protection for the new mother, but also the guarantee for the healthy growth of the baby.

Check content:

There are many methods of breast examination, such as palpation, X-ray and color Doppler ultrasound.

You can have a breast color ultrasound examination after delivery to fully understand the breast tissue and check whether there are breast tissue diseases.

It can usually be done by palpation or self-examination, mainly to check the skin surface of the breast, nipple areola, breast lump, nipple discharge and so on.

Breast skin surface: mainly check the color, edema, superficial vein swelling, skin wrinkles and so on. If the skin is red or the above phenomenon exists, pay attention to whether there is milk duct obstruction.

Nipple areola: Nipples are prone to pain and even chapped in severe cases. Therefore, it is necessary to check whether the nipple is deformed, bulged, retracted, sunken, eroded and fallen off in time, and prevent and treat it in advance; The color of areola is pink.

Nipple overflow: To check whether nipple overflows, check in detail whether it overflows by itself or after extrusion, unilateral or bilateral, and the characteristics of overflow.

Precautions: Pay attention to the cleanliness of the breast before examination. Use cotton balls dipped in water or baby oil to clean breasts, and try to avoid using alkaline cleaning solution, because alkaline substances will also wash away the natural oil on breasts, which is very useful for protecting dry and cracked skin. Don't dry it hard after cleaning, pat it gently and air dry naturally.

Task 4: Uterine and Gynecological Examination

10 is pregnant. Once giving birth, the organs in the pelvic cavity can make the expectant mother the biggest hero of the new mother. Apart from the hardships of 10 months, the pain of opening the mouth during childbirth is enough to make them bear the burden of humiliation. After such hardships, it is naturally the top priority of postpartum recovery. Moreover, gynecological diseases have always occupied a high proportion in married women's diseases and are the most troublesome killers of women's health. The recovery of postpartum pelvic organs is closely related to the probability of new mothers suffering from gynecological diseases in the future, so it is absolutely necessary to conduct a comprehensive gynecological examination.

Examination contents: recovery of uterus, laceration or suture of perineum and vagina, recovery of cervical opening, pelvic floor muscle support, bilateral fallopian tubes and ovaries, postpartum lochia, etc. Through simultaneous diagnosis and ultrasound examination, the diagnosis and treatment effect is the best.

Precautions: Before gynecological examination (at least 3 days), it is best not to do vaginal lavage or use vaginal drugs, because this will wash or cover some potential diseased cells and affect the effect of examination. Even without gynecological examination, most doctors disapprove of lavage. On the one hand, lavage will wash away some beneficial bacteria that can prevent infection, on the other hand, it can not guarantee that lavage is absolutely clean.

In addition, the bladder must be emptied before gynecological examination. If the stool is dry or difficult to defecate, a small amount of laxatives should be taken one day in advance to promote defecation. Because the bladder is located in front of the uterus and the rectum is located in the back of the uterus, if the waste cannot be cleaned up, it will interfere with the examination results and even be mistaken for a pelvic mass.

Task 5: Routine examination of blood and urine

The new mother has just given birth to a baby, and the anatomical structure, physiological system and immune system of the body are in a period of recovery and change, which is very easy to cause infection and give opportunities to various diseases. Through blood routine and urine routine examination, we can detect the operation of various systems of the new mother's body and check the health status at the micro level.

Don't think that blood routine examination is only needed when detecting blood diseases, and its measurement data is also an important basis for diagnosis and differentiation of other system diseases. Similarly, routine urine examination is one of the most commonly used clinical examination methods, which can directly and quickly reflect the situation of urinary system.

Especially for new mothers with pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome and urinary protein during pregnancy, these two tests can not be ignored.

Examination content: Routine blood examination refers to the counting, detection and analysis of white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin and related data in blood. Urine routine mainly includes urine protein, urine sugar, urine three gallbladder, urine volume, urine specific gravity and urine sediment. These two tests are simple and easy, and don't need much effort for new mothers. Why not do it?

Note: This routine examination is simple and easy, and the requirements for examiners are not very harsh. New mothers can start checking at any time as long as they follow the usual rules of life. Of course, if you can go two hours after meals, so much the better. At that time, the food and nutrients you have ingested have already entered all parts of your body through the circulatory system.

During routine urine examination, if you don't want to urinate, you can also drink more water, which will not affect the test results.

Task 6: Abdominal examination

There are important organs of digestive system and urogenital system in abdominal cavity, which is an important content of physical examination. Through abdominal examination, we can further understand the shrinkage of postpartum uterus and other organs in abdominal cavity. It is even more important for a new mother who has a caesarean section to have an abdominal examination. Cesarean section will bring abnormal pressure to the organs in abdominal cavity, which is more difficult to reset than normal delivery. Moreover, the healing of incision during cesarean section is also very important.

Examination content: mainly check the shrinkage of uterus and other abdominal organs. The new mother of cesarean section should also check the healing of the incision and whether there is infection. The examination methods are hopeful, touching, knocking and listening, among which palpation is the most important. In addition, because there are many organs in the abdominal cavity, which overlap with each other, and the internal physiological functions and pathological reactions are also interrelated, X-ray and ultrasound examination techniques can be used when necessary.

Note: you can eat before the examination, but it is best to eat seven points full and drink a little water to avoid bloating.

Newborns need postpartum check-up.

You may have read many books and already know what treatment and examination to receive after childbirth. But you should know that the baby is also very busy in the 48 hours after birth, and he has to go through a series of tests. Whether the fetal condition is normal or not can only be clearly known by postpartum examination. Therefore, the postpartum examination of the fetus is not dispensable, nor can it be replaced by self-feeling.

For the normal growth and physique of the baby, it is necessary to give the fetus a health check-up after the full moon. Examination items include: general physical examination includes measuring body length and weight, umbilical healing, nutritional status, and intellectual development of newborns. At the same time, according to the specific situation of breastfeeding, artificial feeding or mixed feeding, please ask the doctor to determine whether vitamins or other nutrients need to be supplemented.