Basic articles-pace development
Before putting the baby on shoes, it is necessary to understand how the baby's feet develop and the principle and situation of the baby's toddler. Toddling means 1 year old, and you can't walk steadily until 1 year old and a half to three years old. By the age of 3, the function of the hind foot can be considered to be relatively stable and suitable for wearing various shoes. Usually, when you are 5 years old, you can develop a gait with the heel landing first, and the chance of falling will be much smaller.
As long as you are a toddler in development, there will be no problems sooner or later.
Kevin Chu, director of Xingjian Orthopedic Clinic, advocates nature and hopes to give parents a correct idea that children are more likely to have some foot problems (such as flat feet). In fact, wearing shoes early or wearing certain types of shoes can't completely improve these things. Children can't walk when they are born, so we say "learning to walk". Learning to walk includes nerves and muscles, balance, muscle control, the development of bone structure and the balance of brain center. If these conditions are met, walking will naturally get better and better. This needs to be done step by step, not overnight.
Generally speaking, it is not too late to walk from 1 1 month to 1 year and 3 months, and there is no saying that the earlier you leave, the better. If you learn to walk too late, you may have neuromuscular or skeletal diseases. For example, you can't walk after two years old, which may be cerebral palsy or developmental retardation. You should be very careful at this time. It is normal to limp, procrastinate or walk unsteadily at first, so parents don't have to worry too much, compared with other children. However, in a few cases where walking time is delayed, it is necessary to find an orthopedic surgeon as soon as possible, such as congenital hip dysplasia. At this time, early treatment and rehabilitation are needed to get better results. In addition, children aged 3-5 should pay more attention to the abnormal wear of soles (such as grinding only the inside or outside), which may be due to the development of feet.
The child was born with flat feet and O-legs.
All children are born with flat feet. Until you start to learn to walk, most flat feet will improve and disappear due to the development of arch in sports games; Before the age of 3, the leg shape will change from O-leg to X-leg, and then it will become straight. The survey found that 20% of children in kindergarten are flat feet, but only 4-8% are left in junior high school. Dr. Kevin Chu also suggested that parents should not panic if the feet of 2-or 3-year-old children are still flat, let their children move in uneven places and develop their arches appropriately. If you crawl and walk on the bed, your baby's foot muscles can practice grip strength, and outdoor clean grass and beach are also good choices; On the contrary, if the baby walks on the flat and hard ground, it is unlikely to walk towards the arch. Therefore, Dr. Zhu Kaiwen does not recommend children of this age to wear "arch correction pads" easily unless they are evaluated and decided by professional doctors.
Sample sharing
In the clinic, many parents bring their children 1 to the age of 2 or 3 to see a doctor, because they think their children's walking posture is strange. After the examination, it was found that it was only because of slow development, not a disease that parents were worried about. Whenever this happens, Dr. Zhu Kaiwen will ask parents to go back and observe their children for a month or two, because "progress" in walking is more important. He added that when checking similar situations, gait is usually checked from a professional perspective at the beginning, and unless it is necessary (such as joint and bone structure problems), "X-rays" will not be used every time.
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Important concept
Many people think that their feet are as flat as iron plates. In fact, there are strips of tendons in their feet. Although the foot pays attention to stability, it is not as dexterous as the hand, because the foot actually has several tendons that can move at the same time, and can even do many things instead of the hand after training. Mouth-foot painter is an example.
Choose shoes according to foot development.
Dean Kevin Chu and Chen, a rehabilitation therapist at Zhenxing Hospital, both said that the younger the child, the more he should walk barefoot to the tendon connecting the toes with the soles of his feet. This is a normal development, because primitive humans are * * * shoes, and when they are barefoot, human feet have anti-slip effect; If children learn to walk in an abnormal state from an early age, it is easy to produce abnormal results. Because modern people often wear shoes, the ground is flat and hard, both of which lead to the normal movement and development of feet; Coupled with the intake of more nutrition, the height and weight are higher and heavier than their predecessors, and the foot pressure is greater, so the probability of flat feet is higher; Similarly, obese children are prone to flat feet. If the sole is hard, the toes can't move freely, the tendons can't get enough * * *, and there is no grip; Due to the lack of grip on the feet, most modern people rely on hiking shoes for outdoor activities.
The big principle of wearing shoes
When indoors, the shoes should be light and flexible, and will not restrict the foot movement excessively; Also pay attention to non-slip. Because it is indoors, there is no need for excessive protection; The result of overprotection will weaken the tendon. Only when you go hiking with your parents do you need suitable shoes to provide protection and help your feet grip. Dean Kevin Chu also reminded that from the perspective of "foot health" alone, riding boots will excessively restrict foot movement, and high heels will shorten the posterior achilles tendon, thus causing damage to the foot. When wearing this kind of shoes, the whole foot will be squeezed forward, which will destroy the stress balance of the foot. Long-term wearing will affect the joint structure of children's feet, and even lead to the deformation of the physiological curve of the spine, which is more harmful to children. But there are many other aspects of life that people pay attention to, so it is understandable to wear riding boots and higher shoes in many cases.
Therapist Chen said that in general, the thickness of the sole is 0.5 ~ 1 cm, which can absorb shock; Heel height should be between 0.6 ~ 1.5 cm. As for the appropriate size of shoes, parents can let their children push their feet to the end in front of the shoes, and then if there is a finger spacing between the hind feet and the shoes, it is the appropriate size (similarly, the heel can be pushed back and the distance in front of the shoes can be pressed); Another algorithm is that the foot length is +0.5 mm, and the growth speed of the baby's foot is about 1.5 ~ 2 cm per year. If the baby wears shoes that don't fit, it will have a bad influence on their foot development and toddler psychology in the long run! Therefore, changing the shoes suitable for the baby in time can help the baby grow up healthily. Sometimes, under the care of parents, letting the baby walk barefoot on different floors can help the baby's feet get more * * *, which will also be of great help to the development of feet!
Actual combat articles-detailed analysis
After understanding the development principle of feet and the principle of choosing shoes, in fact, many problems will appear in parents' minds, such as shoes should be anti-slip, so which sole has good anti-slip effect? What is the difference between genuine leather and fake leather, and how to choose ... answer these questions below!
Analysis and reminder of the sole of toddler shoes
Small label: sole material &; Proper bending
According to the classification of soles, toddlers usually have soles made of different materials such as rubber, TPR, PU, EVA, genuine leather and synthetic leather. Rubber and TPR have the best skid resistance, followed by PU, and leather, EVA and synthetic leather have the worst skid resistance. Pay attention to the softness of soles when purchasing rubber and PU materials. Too hard and thick soles can't conform to the bending of the front end of the foot when walking, which is easy for the baby to fall. The correct bending position of the sole should be at the metatarsophalangeal joint of the forefoot (toe to heel is about 1/3). Soft and thick soles can't give good support to the soles of the feet, which makes the baby feel tired easily.
Small labels: materials and textures
When wearing leather soles, you need to be careful not to touch water. Moisture in shoes with water will be quickly transmitted to the inside of the shoes, which will easily cause discomfort to the baby. If the leather material is improperly treated with water, it will harden or even crack after drying. If the outsole is made of a single material such as EVA and synthetic leather, it should be avoided as much as possible. It is not recommended for children to wear because of quick wear and poor skid resistance. However, the soles of some toddler shoes are made of EVA and rubber or synthetic leather and rubber, which can still provide good skid resistance and comfort.
In addition to the material, the grain of the sole will also affect the quality of non-slip. The sole without grain is the smoothest shoe. Parents who pay attention to non-slip should also pay attention to the design of sole lines when purchasing.
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Ordinary sole:
Nowadays, the more common soles of children's shoes on the market are TPR, PU sole and EVA+TPR. Due to the high price, adult handmade shoes mostly use leather soles. PVC soles are used for some cheap slippers and sandals. At present, there are still such shoes in China, but there are not many.
(Illustration # Note 1 & Note 2 & Note 3)
Note: The black part of 1 is the bottom of TPR.
The 2PU material is artificial, so there will be problems such as virtual edges on the cloth surface.
Cowhide is a natural material, so the structure of the material itself is good, and it is not afraid of the problem of virtual edges without folding.
Matters needing attention in choosing all kinds of shoes
Learn shoes: The baby's soles are not fully developed. The main function of wearing shoes is to protect the feet from the external environment. The first step in choosing shoes is to pay attention to the size of shoes. In addition to shoes should be close to the instep, but also for shoes to reserve about 5mm space. In addition to wearing socks in cold weather, the baby's feet grow very fast, so it will not affect the development of the baby's bones. But don't buy too big shoes to save money, which will have a bad influence on your baby's foot shape and bone development. In addition, we should pay attention to avoid buying uppers with shoelaces, so as not to trip the baby because the shoelaces are loose.
In terms of materials, try to choose shoes made of natural leather or cloth, which are breathable and soft and can keep the baby comfortable to wear.
Little riding boots: Pay attention to the width of the shoe body and mouth. If the shoes are too narrow, it is difficult for children's feet to enter. Too narrow a shoe mouth will affect the comfort of children walking. If it is a zipper design, it will cause the problem that the zippers can't be pulled together, which will affect the appearance of wearing. In addition, zipper shoes need to pay attention to the distance from zipper to sole. If the distance is too large, it means that the opening of the shoes is too small, which will affect the smoothness of the feet when the children wear shoes. Also, there should be a so-called zipper lining inside the zipper shoes to protect children's feet from being hurt by zippers. There is also a zipper head, which is designed to prevent the zipper from slipping and loosening. The small rivet in the picture is a zipper stop.
Leather shoes: some high-grade leather shoes, even the soles are genuine leather, and the genuine leather soles will slip, which is not suitable for children. Therefore, you should pay more attention when buying. If you really like the style, but because of the design of the sole of all leather shoes, you can still stick a layer of TPR on the heel, but pay attention to the heel height can not exceed 15 mm < 1.5 cm >. Note ※ Most real leather shoes will be marked with genuine leather logo+leather.
Sandals: Therapist Chen reminded us that when trying on sandals, we should pay attention to whether the front is too tight, and the toes are closely attached to the last, but we should leave a space of 0. 1 ~ 0.2 mm around the toes to prevent the thumb from everting easily in the future. When wearing shoes similar to overshoes, we should pay attention to anti-slip and ventilation.
Sneakers and sneakers: Velcro sneakers and sneakers are very popular with domestic parents in terms of wearing and safety. "Don't worry about loose shoelaces." But pay attention to the quality and bonding area of the adhesive tape. Poor quality or poorly designed adhesive tape can easily loosen shoes and even hurt children.
When children run or wear shoes to play, too soft soles can not give good support, and the probability of foot injury is relatively high. It is suggested that you can bend the sole a little when buying shoes. If the shoes can be easily folded in half, they are too soft. In addition to not providing good support and protection, there are also doubts about adding too many plasticizer shoes. Therefore, choosing a hard bottom with a soft insole can provide the best protection for children.
Overall arrangement of procurement points
? Finally, it should be loose: the toes can be fully extended, and the soles of the feet can really stick to the ground to avoid the baby's toes from being deformed and bent, and the thumb is everted.
? Soft insole: It can moderately release the pressure generated during walking and provide comfortable wearing.
? Application of breathable materials: the baby's sole has a thick fat layer, fast metabolism and easy sweating. The upper is made of leather and cloth.
? Devil's adhesive tape design: it is more convenient to put on and take off than shoelaces, and it can also avoid tripping the baby because of loose shoelaces.
? Others: Some special sales may be full of defective shoes. In addition to comparing prices, we should also pay attention to whether the upper strap is intact, whether the rubber of the sole is deteriorated, and whether the insole is damaged. These are all necessary considerations. Wasting money is a trivial matter, and the baby is not worth the loss!
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Commodity label:
According to the labeling regulations of domestic goods, consumers must be clearly informed of the following matters, and consumers can make choices accordingly.
1 commodity name.
The name, telephone number and address of the manufacturer or contractor; If it is an importer, the name, telephone number and address of the importer shall be indicated.
3. Country of production (country of production in the main manufacturing process of products).
Main materials of vamp and outsole.
Five yards.
Parents' question set
1. What is an arch orthotic pad & orthotic shoes?
A: It's a kind of insole with raised arch. Dr. Kevin Chu thinks that although "support" is important, "* * *" is more important, so he emphasizes that arch correction pads should be used only when necessary. Corrective shoes are shoes that need to be worn after diagnosis; Since it is called correction, it must be tailored and professionally manufactured.
2. Do children need high-heeled shoes to protect their ankles?
A: As long as it is overprotective, it is unnecessary; Developing children are not encouraged to wear high heels (riding boots are also included) unless there is medical necessity; Don't forget, riding boots were originally designed for riders, and later people wore them to keep warm or protect their ankles in war. If parents want their children to wear them for aesthetic or fashion reasons, they should also pay attention not to wear them for too long or too often.
3. What are the types of genuine leather and fake leather?
Answer: At present, the large pieces of leather used for shoes are cowhide, sheepskin and pigskin. Of course, there are some rare skin species such as ostrich skin, crocodile skin and snake skin. Cowhide is widely used at present because of its strong skin strength and low price. Sheepskin is softer but more expensive, and some high-end shoes will be used more. Pigskin is soft enough, with large pores and good air permeability, but its toughness is not slightly insufficient, and it is mostly used as the lining and insole of shoes.
However, under the current technology, some manufacturers will coat leather with a layer of PU(PU coating), which still belongs to the category of genuine leather, but it will still deteriorate due to improper use or preservation.
Because synthetic leather is an artificial product, it is not limited by natural materials, and its lines and colors are ever-changing. Synthetic leather has high stability of grain surface and color quality, but it is slightly dim compared with real leather. The materials of synthetic leather can be divided into PU and PVC, and their characteristics are the same as those of soles. Therefore, parents who buy this kind of vamp should pay attention, because PU is an environmentally friendly material, and there will be decomposition problems. Moreover, PVC materials contain harmful substances and have long been banned in the European market.
Baby's feet grow fast, so it doesn't matter if you wear bigger shoes?
A: The annual growth rate of baby's feet is about 1.5 ~ 2 cm. If the baby wears shoes that don't fit, it will have a bad influence on their foot development and toddler psychology in the long run! Therefore, changing the shoes suitable for the baby in time can help the baby grow up healthily. Sometimes, under the care of parents, letting the baby walk barefoot on different floors can help the baby's feet get more * * *, which will also be of great help to the development of feet!