5. Release and relieve mental stress and tension, achieve physical and mental balance, and improve sleep quality.
6. Prevent various diseases, such as insomnia, constipation, migraine, spinal diseases, arthritis, physical discomfort, dyspepsia, gastrointestinal depression, memory loss, etc.
7. Effectively increase vitality and prolong life.
8. Effectively develop creativity and enhance memory.
9. Effectively improve thinking ability and concentrate.
10. Enhance immunity and disease resistance.
1 1. Emotional stability, positive attitude, self-confidence, optimism, inner peace and tranquility, and becoming more patient.
12. Enhance self-control ability (including physical and mental aspects), know how to relax at any time and resist the influence of bad emotions.
13. Eating habits will also change unconsciously, and the food the body needs will naturally be ingested.
14. practicing yoga can also make people feel happy and have affinity. 23 tips to give you a superhuman memory. First, wake up the body 1, close your eyes and eat. 2. Identify coins with your fingers. 3. Put on headphones and go up and down the stairs. 4. Hold your nose and drink coffee. 5. Open your voice and read aloud. 6. Smell the coffee and look at the pictures of fish. Second, seek brain stimulation. 7. Go to the restaurant and order something you haven't eaten. Spend your own money. 9. Make a detour. 10, hold the teacup with your left hand. 1 1. Listen to different songs. 12, sleep 6 hours a day. Third, actively exercise the left and right brain 13, go for a walk in a strange place. 14, judge whether you have a right brain type or a left brain type. 15, make a decision by intuition. Fourth, supplement brain nutrition 16, sweets make you smart. 17, eating breakfast can activate the brain. 18, chewing more can improve your grades. The more exercise, the better the brain. 19. Walk for 20 minutes every day. 20. Do more "finger exercises". 2 1, try a new sport. 6. Improve brain activity and inspire. 22. Remember the feeling of success every time. 23. Say to yourself "I'm sure I can do it". 24. Write 100 what I like. 25. Look at the problem from another angle. 26. Say it as soon as you think about it. 27. Bore your brain occasionally. 28. Watch TV programs that you never watch. 29. Personal experience is the most valuable asset of your brain. 30. Being an audience is very scientific. According to this book, I summed up some small habits that can be formed: 1. Whenever the table is full of food, I eat with my eyes closed. 2, often use your fingers to distinguish coins (or chess is also good). 3. Put on headphones and go up and down the stairs. 4. Let go of your voice and read aloud. 5. Go to the restaurant and order something you haven't eaten. 6. Tea cup on the left hand side. 7. Listen to different kinds of songs. Go to bed before 8.23: 00 and get up at 5: 00 every day. It's cruel, but it can make good use of the morning time. 10, eat some sweets every day (this is my favorite). 1 1, have breakfast. 12, chew more. 13, walk for 20 minutes every day. 14, "finger exercises" ten times a day. 15, learn a new sport every quarter. 16, recorded successfully. 17, smile at yourself in the mirror before going out every day and say: I'm sure I can do it. 18, write 100 every day and take out your favorite things. 19. Look at the problem from the other side's standpoint. 20. Give yourself half an hour of boring time every week. 2 1. Watch the programs you have not missed once or twice a week. 22. Be a listener. 23. Find a time to recite something every day. There are many memory methods now, but the ever-changing ones always evolve from the most basic ones. Today, let's talk about several basic memory methods.
Intentional memory method
What is intentional mnemonics? A method of trying to remember a certain material with a clear purpose or task is called intentional memory. On the contrary, there is no clear purpose or task, and there is no need for will to work hard. This is called unintentional memorization. Psychological research shows that the effect of intentional memory is obviously better than unintentional memory. In order to master scientific knowledge systematically, intentional memory is necessary.
There was a scholar named Chen in the Song Dynasty. He reads quickly. When he grabbed a book, he rushed to read it, read all the lines and swallowed the date. He read one book after another, which took a lot of time and energy, but the effect was poor: the books he read were like passing clouds, and he soon forgot them, leaving little impression. This made him very upset and wondered if he had a bad memory.
Then one day, he met Zhu, a famous scholar at that time, and asked Zhu for advice. After asking about his reading process, Zhu gave some suggestions: Don't just read speed reading in the future, even if you only read 50 words at a time and repeat it several times, it is better than just rushing forward. When reading, think with your brain and remember with your heart. Chen realized that he couldn't remember the books he had read, not because of his poor memory, but because his learning purpose was unclear and his methods were wrong. He regards reading as the purpose of reading, ignoring the understanding and memory of the contents of books. Reading in such a hurry, without digesting the contents of the book and conscious memory, his memory effect will certainly not be good.
Later, Chen accepted Zhu's suggestion. Every time he finishes reading a book, he thinks about what is said in the book and several main points, and pays attention to remembering the important contents. After a long time, he finally became a learned man.
Psychologists have done an experiment: they asked the teacher to give the students in two classes homework to write the text silently. They all said that they took the exam the next day, and they were naive the next day. As a result, the results of the two classes are almost the same. After the exam, only one class was told that there would be another exam in two weeks, and the second class didn't know. Two weeks later, test again. The results of Class One students are much better than those of Class Two students (Class One students didn't review before the exam). This shows that the students in Class One are not smarter and have better memories than those in Class Two, but that after the first test, the teacher put forward a longer memory goal for Class One, and as a result, the students in Class One will have a longer memory time.
This experiment tells us that in learning, we must form a habit, be strict with ourselves, and clearly set ourselves the goal of memory in order to have a good memory effect.
How to carry out intentional memory?
To carry out intentional memory, we must first have a clear task. If the task is clear, we can mobilize the positive factors of psychological activities and try to remember the task as much as possible. The clearer and more specific the task, the better the memory effect. For example, English words are not easy to remember, but they must be remembered. Therefore, you can write the new words on a small card and stipulate that you must remember 20 new words every day and review them in time. In this way, over time, your vocabulary will increase greatly.
Secondly, intentional memory requires the participation of will and effort, which is what we often call "concentration". If you want to make up your mind to remember a piece of material, you must enter the realm of "turning a deaf ear to things outside the window" and "hanging your head and stabbing your legs". If you are faced with a thing to remember, if you complain repeatedly, or if you are careless, or if you know the difficulties, you will not get good results.
Understand membership
What is understanding mnemonics?
The method of memorizing materials on the basis of positive thinking and profound understanding is called comprehension memorization.
The basic condition of understanding memory is the understanding and thinking processing of materials. Some materials, such as scientific essentials, categories, theorems, laws and regulations, historical events, literary and artistic works, etc. , are meaningful. When people memorize this kind of materials, they usually don't memorize word by word, but first understand their basic meaning, that is, with the help of existing knowledge and experience, analyze and synthesize through thinking, grasp the characteristics and internal logical connections of each part of the materials, and make them into existing knowledge structures for memory. Comprehension memory's comprehensiveness, firmness, accuracy and rapid effectiveness depend on learners' understanding of the material.
Understanding memory is better than mechanical memory. Ebbinghaus, a famous German psychologist, found in the memory experiment that in order to memorize 12 meaningless syllables, it is necessary to repeat 16 times on average. 5 times; In order to remember 36 meaningless chapters, it needs to be repeated 54 times; Reciting six poems with 480 syllables only needs to be repeated 8 times on average! This experiment tells us that all the knowledge we understand can be remembered quickly, comprehensively and firmly. Otherwise, rote learning is really thankless.
Understanding memory is based on understanding the content of the material. This kind of understanding not only refers to understanding the material, but also includes understanding the logical connection between various parts of the material and the relationship between the material and previous knowledge and experience.
What we usually say about Bangkok, the capital of Thailand, is actually an abbreviation. The full name of the Thai capital is "* * * Mahanakun Bendiwa Laudixiea, a great master, changed from his Yamaha land to persuade Ratanibulong Oolong Parachani to defend Mahasatan", * * * 4 1 word.
It is not easy to memorize all these 4 1 words, which is probably much more difficult than memorizing 4 1 digits after the decimal point of pi.
We might as well recite these two poems. One is "Looking at Lushan Waterfall" by Li Bai:
The purple mist is illuminated by sunlight, and the waterfall hangs in front of the mountain.
On the high cliff, it seems to be thousands of feet high, which makes people think that the Milky Way has fallen from heaven to earth.
There is also the famous poet Wang Zhihuan's quatrain "Dengque Lake":
The sun sets slowly near the western hills, and the Yellow River flows into the East China Sea.
By going up one flight of stairs, look further.
The total number of words in these two poems is seven more than the full name of the Thai capital, but they will be memorized after reading them several times. The reason is that these two poems are easy to understand.
How to understand and remember?
Since memory has such regular characteristics, we should always consciously use understanding memory in learning and develop positive thinking in memory, so as to achieve good results. If you don't use understanding memory when you can, but use mechanical memory for meaningless repetition, it will get twice the result with half the effort, but the difference is ten times and twenty times.
When memorizing materials, as long as it is meaningful, it is necessary to put forward the requirement of "understanding first, then memorizing", divide the materials into large and small paragraphs and levels, and find out the logical connection between them, instead of memorizing them word by word from the beginning.
For example, if you don't understand the meaning of ancient Chinese, it's as difficult as memorizing gobbledygook. If you understand the content words and function words in ancient Chinese and master the central meaning of the whole article, then you will be much more interested, faster and more impressed by memorizing on the basis of understanding.
We say that understanding and memory are efficient and effective. Does it mean that as long as you understand it, you will remember it? I don't know. What you understand often needs to be repeated many times to remember. Some people understand a certain learning content and think that the learning process is over. They will not consciously ask themselves to remember them, nor will they deepen their impression through repetition. Then, it is impossible to remember the learning content completely and accurately.
Remember the last article (1)? Today is the second article: associative memory method and multi-channel memory method.
Associative memory method
What is associative memory?
The method of using association to enhance the memory effect is called associative memory method. Association is a psychological process. When the human brain receives a stimulus, images of things related to the stimulus will appear. Generally speaking, things that are close to each other, opposite things and similar things are easy to associate. It is a common method to enhance memory through association. Harry Lorraine, a famous American mnemonic expert, said: "The basic rule of memory is to associate new information with known things."
Associative memory methods are divided into the following three specific methods:
Approximate association method
Two or more things, in time or space, are simultaneous or close, so as long as you think of one, you will think of the other and then the others. It is much easier to remember the memorized materials in a certain order.
For example, some people sometimes can't remember a familiar foreign language word at once, obviously they often review it, and even the word can be recalled anywhere in the textbook, but they can't remember it at once, so they start to recall it from where the word is in the book, think about what is in front of it and what is behind it, and often recall it through repeated association. The relationship between the word and the word before and after is close in position, which is called spatial correlation. There is also a time correlation. For example, when a person sees an interesting explanation and explanation of a word in a dictionary, he tells it to another person. The man was also very interested and asked which dictionary he found it in. He wanted to look up the full text himself. Unfortunately, he can't remember which dictionary he looked up. What should we do?
So the man recalled looking up the dictionary. First of all, I remember finding it the night before yesterday. I remember that he was happy for a long time that night. Think again, oh! I see. This word was seen in Ci Hai. Because I only looked up Ci Hai the night before yesterday, all the other dictionaries were returned to the library the morning before yesterday. In this way, through time association, I can accurately recall that I looked up Ci Hai instead of other dictionaries.
Similar association method
When one thing is similar to another, it is often associated with another thing. Associating the memory materials with the things you have experienced will have a good memory effect.
There are similar sounds and meanings in foreign words, which can be remembered by similar association method.
Liaoning Heishan Beiguan Experimental School and Beijing Jingshan School try out the centralized literacy method in the lower grades of primary schools, and let students read 2,500 words and general books and newspapers in two years. This literacy method uses the principle similar to associative memory method, and combines words with similar shapes and sounds that can cause mutual association, such as "Yang, Intestine, Tian, Chang and Tang" together, and "Qing, Qing, please, Qing and Mu" together. The right side of each group of Chinese characters is the same, and the pinyin of each group of Chinese characters is also * * *. The pinyin of the former group is followed by "ang" and the pinyin of the latter group is "qing", so that you can learn quickly and remember well.
Contrast association method
When you see, hear or recall something, you often think of the opposite. Comparing all kinds of knowledge and grasping its characteristics are helpful to memory. This is the contrast association method.
Many poetry couplets are mostly written according to the law of antithesis. For example, there is such a couplet in Yuefei Temple in Hangzhou, which reads "Castle Peak is fortunate to bury loyal bones, while white iron casts innocent courtiers". "Being" and "Nothing" are opposites, and burying the loyalty of martyrs is relative to casting treacherous court officials. According to legend, the loyalty of the national hero Yue Fei is buried here. Later generations hated the traitor Qin Gui's plot to kill him. They cast iron statues of Mr. and Mrs. Qin Gui and placed them in front of the tomb. As long as you remember the first sentence of this couplet, it is not difficult to recall the next sentence through comparison and association. When we recite metrical poems, we often feel that the two couplets in the middle are easy to recite, because the routine of metrical poems is that the two couplets in the middle are right. This kind of contrast is often used in antithesis, such as "Jinsha River is warm against the clouds and cliffs, and Dadu Bridge is cold across the rails." Another example is the two couplets in the middle of the poem "Make to the Shanzhai" by the poet Wang Wei in the Tang Dynasty: "Zheng Peng left the Han Shanzhai and returned to the wild goose Hu Tian. The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river falls in yen. " More, the former sentence can naturally remind of the latter sentence.
How to learn a foreign language through association
When learning a foreign language, beginners often like to use new word cards. It is really an effective method to write loanwords, their phonetic symbols, parts of speech and Chinese meanings on word cards and read them as soon as you have time. However, the memory effect of this method can be improved by using the association rule mentioned above.
(1) Remember words with similar forms together. For example, the root serves the same four words: preservation, reservation, observation and preservation. Putting them together and using similar association will not only help to find out their internal relations, but also help to identify and distinguish their Chinese meanings.
(2) Put together words with the same or similar meanings in Chinese. For example, four words, De, De and De, all mean "De". If you put them together and use close association, you can draw inferences and improve memory efficiency.
(3) Put antonyms together. For example, black and white, good and bad have opposite meanings. Put them together, use comparison and association to recall their antonyms through a word.
Associative memory can sometimes get unexpected results in commercial advertisements. For example, 193 1, there is a car rental company in Shanghai, and their telephone number is "40000". In order to make passengers remember this phone number to attract business, they used the patriotic enthusiasm of the people to vigorously promote "40,000 compatriots please dial' 40,000'" and quickly made it the largest taxi in Shanghai.
Multi-channel storage method
What is multi-channel memory method?
To remember external information, we must first accept it, and there are more than one "channel" to accept information, including vision, hearing, kinesthetic, tactile and so on. Memories with multiple senses are called "multichannel" memories. This memory method is much more effective than single channel memory.
There is a saying in the ancient book Xue Ji: "Learning is nothing to the five senses, and the five senses have to be cured." This means that if learning and memory can't mobilize the five senses to participate in activities, then you can't learn well and can't remember. This shows that as early as 2000 years ago, the ancients in China realized that reading and learning should use eyes, ears, mouth, pen and brain to enhance the memory effect.
Zhu, a scholar in the Song Dynasty, said that reading requires three things: "heart, eyes and mouth. The heart is not here, the eyes don't look closely, the heart is not single-minded, it can only read, never remember, and it won't last long. Among the three, the heart is the most urgent, the heart is here, and the eyes are not there. "
Modern scientific research shows that people can remember 25% knowledge gained by vision, 65,438+05% knowledge gained by hearing and 65% knowledge gained by combining vision and hearing.
A teacher once asked three groups of students to remember the contents of ten pictures in three ways: for the first group of students, he just told them what was painted on the picture and didn't show them the picture. In other words, this group of students just listened and didn't watch. The situation of the second group of students is just the opposite. The teacher showed them ten pictures, but stopped telling him the contents of each picture. In other words, this group of students just watched and didn't listen. For the third group of students, it means listening and watching. The teacher not only told them the contents of the paintings, but also told them the contents of each painting while showing them the paintings. After a while, the teacher asked three groups of students how many pictures they had memorized. Results The first group remembered the least, only 60%. The second group is a little more, remember 70%; The third group remembers the most, reaching 86%! This shows that students who only listen and don't watch have the least memory, and the memory effect is much better than those who only watch one of them. If all the sensory organs are mobilized together, the memory effect will be better.
How to carry out multi-channel memory?
Multi-channel memory method mobilizes all parts of the brain to receive and process information cooperatively. This method is effective for mastering various languages. Because no matter what language, the purpose of learning is always reading, writing, listening and speaking, and these four abilities involve four different information input and output channels. Therefore, when learning Chinese, foreign languages and other courses, it is best to use multi-channel memory method.
In news interviews, reporters often grasp information with their brains and hands, listen, speak and write together, and adopt multi-channel memory methods. In daily life, it is best to remember a long passage while listening. Some people say that "a good memory is worse than a bad written one", which emphasizes that "it is better to write once than to read it a thousand times", aiming at explaining the importance of writing to memory.
Therefore, when mastering various languages or receiving and processing language information, multi-channel memory method should be adopted. The correct way is to think actively while listening, put understanding first, summarize the main points of the received language information, and simply write down a few words or sentences between language pauses.
The first two articles published some time ago definitely mentioned four methods. Today, the remaining three memory methods are also sent out together, and everyone can use them according to their actual situation.
Selected memory method
The choice and choice of memory materials, so as to decide which key points and which omissions. This memory method is called selective memory method.
The reason why we choose memory materials is because everyone is exposed to too much information every day. Not all this information needs to be memorized.
It is said that there was a college student at Scocco University in the former Soviet Union. He accidentally fell while walking on the stone steps of the library and was hit on the brain. Since then, incredible things have happened. His memory can't be better. He never forgets anything. For a big newspaper like Pravda, from the front page to the eighth page, he can recite every article as long as he reads it. But unfortunately, his headache is like a crack, because he remembers too much and his brain can't rest. Therefore, memory should be selective and remember the most important, meaningful and valuable materials. People who are good at learning and remembering are often good at grasping the key points, grasping the essence and organizing materials. It is said that some people in ancient times had an excellent memory and could even recite it backwards. However, Zheng Banqiao looked down on such people and called them "stupid people who are not sensible." Why don't you know? It is to memorize everything, regardless of priority, severity, usefulness and uselessness.
A senior elementary school student said, "There are dozens of figures of speech, but only a dozen are commonly used. After carefully studying each figure of speech, I condensed the commonly used figure of speech 12 into jingles:' metaphor, metonymy, analogy, exaggeration, pun, irony, rhetorical question, repetition, contrast, duality and parallelism', and made a table based on these 24 words. In the arrangement, in addition to being easy to read, rhyme and remember, we also put the confusing ones together, mark them with arrows, and indicate the connections, differences or characteristics in concise language below. You can remember the main figures of speech of 12 by reciting jingles. According to the arrangement position, we can think of the similarities and differences of several groups of figures of speech, and then think of all their characteristics. In this way, when analyzing sentences, it can be clear and not easy to be confused and omitted. "
Homophonic memory method
A method of using homophony to help memory. Many learning materials are hard to remember, and it is difficult to find meaningful connections between them, such as historical years, statistical data and so on. If these learning materials are homophonic with some external connections, they are easy to store and recall.
It is said that one day, a teacher went up the mountain and had a drink with the monks in the temple at the top of the mountain. When he left, he sorted out the pi of the students' backs and asked them to recite to 22 decimal places. 3。 14 15926535897932384626。 Most students are very upset because they can't recite it. One student combined the teacher's drinking on the mountain with the homophonic sound of π numbers and made up a jingle: "A pot of wine in a temple on the top of the mountain, you are happy and bitter. If you eat that wine, it will kill you, but it will not kill you, but you will be happy."
When the teacher came back from drinking, everyone knew it by heart. The clever student used homophonic method to help him remember.
Using homophonic method can also help to remember some historical years. Many people think that remembering the historical year is a very distressing thing, which is not easy to remember and easy to be confused. However, to learn history well, we must remember the historical age, because there is no history without time. Therefore, many smart people use homophones to help them remember the historical era. For example, Marx was born in 18 18 and died in 1883. Then it can be written like this, "climb (climb) the mountain (climb)." For another example, the Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1894, and it is very easy to remember with its homonym "Death".
Of course, homophonic memorization is only suitable for helping us remember some abstract and difficult materials, and we can't remember all the materials in the same way.
Formula memory method
The method of compiling memory materials into rhyming sentences to improve the memory effect is called formula memory method. This method can reduce the absolute number of memory materials, divide memory materials into blocks, increase information concentration and enhance interest, which can not only reduce the burden on the brain, but also firmly remember and avoid omissions.
Psychological research shows that people's memory is in blocks, and the amount of information in each block is relative. A letter can be regarded as a chunk, a word, a phrase can also be regarded as a chunk, and a sentence can also be regarded as a chunk. The information in chunks is not independent, but interrelated. If you are good at dividing memory materials into appropriate chunks, you can greatly improve the memory effect. Formula mnemonic method is a mnemonic method that conforms to the rules of lexical chunks.
Most formulas rhyme, catchy and easy to remember. For example, China's twenty-four solar terms songs have been handed down from generation to generation among working people, and they have great vitality:
Spring rain shocks spring and clear valleys, and summer is full and summer is connected; Autumn dew, autumn cold frost, winter snow cold.
Come on June 2 1 day in the first half of the year and August 23 in the second half of the year; The dates of the two festivals are fixed every month, with a maximum difference of one or two days.
In addition to the solar terms and the Song Dynasty, multiplication formula, abacus formula and "hundred surnames" are all examples of using formula memorization.
There are many ways to form a formula.
There is a phrase with punctuation marks, which is listed as follows:
Draw a small circle after a sentence (. Period)
Pause in the middle, with a dot (,comma).
Point a melon seed between parallel words (,pause).
Between juxtaposition clauses, give points (; Semicolon)
Doubts and questions, earrings (? Question mark)
Command or sigh, dripping water under the eaves (! Exclamation mark)
To quote a special word, tadpoles run up and down (quotation marks)
What needs to be explained in this article is that each end has a half chord (() bracket).
Turn or comment, followed by a straight line (-dash)
The meaning is endless, and the dots are closely connected (... ellipsis)
It is particularly important to put a dot (emphasis) under the word.
Another method is to supplement the formula with images, which is easy to cause association to help recall.
For example, the letters "N" and "M" in Chinese pinyin look like doors, "F" looks like crutches, "T" looks like umbrellas, "H" looks like chairs, "K" looks like knocked things, and "L" sounds like "loo loo".
So you can weave a formula:
One door n, two doors m, crutches f, umbrella handle t, chair h, hitting the wall k, driving pigs with sticks.
For some confusing words, we use the method of mining features to compile formulas, which is especially easy to remember and distinguish. For example, the words "ego", "ego" and "ego" are easily confused, which can be compiled into such a formula: blocking self (self), blocking half, thinking about oneself (already).
The words "buy" and "sell" are easily confused by many primary school students, and can be compiled into a formula by association method: buy less and sell more. In daily life, people usually buy things when they are short of things. The word "buy" is only one prefix less than the word "sell", so it can be remembered together.
We can also supplement the formula by comparing before and after. By comparing this algebraic formula, we can weave such a formula: the first side, the last side, the first and second ends in the center, and the binomial symbol looks at the front, which are the same.
It is also convenient to combine various methods to make a formula. For example, the comprehensive list method, the characteristic method and the intuitive image method can quickly compile the word "cooked" into such a formula: one point and one horizontal length, the word in the center, the word to tell, nine people are busy together, light a fire and cook a pot of soup. These different formulas can be used according to the situation. However, it should be noted that if the formula is not easy to compile, the object of memory is not commonly used or simple, and it is convenient to remember by other methods, then use other methods. Otherwise, it will take a lot of time to supplement the formula, and some of them are not worth the candle.