Jining-the hometown of Confucius and Mencius, the state of etiquette, splendid culture and famous food in China; According to research, Emperor Qianlong visited Jiangnan seven times and told Wen Jiashui every time he had a meal in Jining. (1) A dish of mutton and carrot jiaozi, jiaozi's skin mainly provides sugar, mutton contains protein and some fat, carrots and other vegetables contain vitamins, inorganic salts, cellulose and water;

(2) The digestion of starch begins in the oral cavity, where it is initially decomposed into maltose, and then completely decomposed into glucose in the small intestine under the action of intestinal juice and pancreatic juice; Small intestine is the main place to digest food and absorb nutrition;

(3) Sugar, protein and fat must be digested before they can be absorbed. The main ingredient of mutton is protein. Protein's digestion starts from the stomach, is preliminarily digested under the action of gastric juice, and then reaches the small intestine, and is completely decomposed into amino acids under the action of intestinal juice and pancreatic juice.

(4) Sugar, fat and protein are the main components of cells, which can provide energy for life activities. Sugar is the main energy-supplying substance, which can provide energy for human body; Protein is the basic substance of human cells, which has an important relationship with human growth, cell repair and renewal, and can also provide a small amount of energy; Fat is a backup energy source, which is generally stored under the skin for later use. Water, inorganic salts and vitamins cannot provide energy;

(5) The main function of insulin is to regulate the absorption, utilization and transformation of sugar in the body, such as promoting the synthesis of glycogen and accelerating the decomposition of blood sugar, thus reducing the blood sugar concentration. As shown in the figure, people just get nutrients such as sugar after meals, so the blood sugar content increases (B ~ C), and then the insulin secretion in the human body increases to regulate the metabolism of sugar, promote the synthesis of glycogen and accelerate the decomposition of blood sugar, thus lowering blood sugar.

So the answer is: (1) 6; (2) small intestine; (3) stomach, amino acids (; 4)A； (5) answer.