Stein and his party not only found many relief portraits, but also found statues of Buddha and Bodhisattva larger than real people painted on the wall. What excited him most was that he found some documents in various languages one after another, and then found a Buddhist temple library in a building, which made him even more overjoyed. Several paintings painted on wooden boards, such as "The Painting of the Rat God", are peculiar relics that Stein acquired in the ruins of Dandan Uhrik. These boards are undoubtedly the offerings of believers under the gods. One of the larger boards is painted with a bust of a rat's head, wearing a crown and an oval halo on his back, sitting between two waiters. Stein explained: "In the record of Xuanzang in Khotan, there is a story of a mouse grave. It is said that in ancient times, rats and mice were highly respected here. Once the Huns invaded Khotan on a large scale, all the mice bit off the harness of the Huns, so the enemy was defeated and the country enjoyed peace. "He also confirmed that on the way to Hotan, it was pointed out that a certain place was the place where the rat soil grave recorded by Xuanzang was located. There is indeed a wonderful fairy tale "Legend of Rat Soil Grave" in "The Story of the Western Regions of Datang", which says that there is a sandbag called Rat Soil Grave in the western suburb of Kandu City. According to local residents, there are rats as big as hedgehogs, and one of them is a giant rat with golden and silver fur. Once hundreds of thousands of Xiongnu troops invaded Khotan, and they were stationed next to the rat soil grave. At that time, King Khotan only led tens of thousands of troops, which was difficult to resist and win. Although the king knew there were mice in the desert, he didn't worship them. At present, when the enemy is at a loss, let's arrange sacrifices, burn incense and ask for help from the mouse god. At night, the king dreamed of a mouse and said, "Please help me, and I would like to cure the soldiers early. Play with Japan and you will win. When the king learned that there was a magical mouse, he ordered his soldiers to set out before dawn and March straight on the enemy. The Xiongnu army was shocked and was about to go into battle on horseback. Unexpectedly, the saddle, military uniform, bowstring, armor chain and lace were all bitten by rats, and the Xiongnu army lost its combat effectiveness and had to surrender easily. Yu Kan's army was on a roll and ended in victory. The king thanked the Rat for his kindness, so he built a shrine to offer sacrifices to show his blessing.
Many historical documents have recorded that "Wang Jin crowned the golden mouse in Khotan", "There is a mouse country in the western region, the big one is like a dog, the middle one is like a rabbit, and the little one is as usual", and "There are sand moraines in the west of Khotan, and the mouse is as big as a hedgehog, with golden color and conformity". These records are consistent with those of the Western Regions in the Tang Dynasty. Therefore, Stein thinks that the picture of the mouse god shows the legend of the mouse grave, which should be explained. The discovery of Princess Chuansi's portrait is an important achievement of Stein. He said, "What's even more amazing is that I found a drawing board with a Chinese princess on it. According to a story written by Xuanzang, she was the first person to introduce sericulture to Khotan. In Xuanzang's time, sericulture was as prosperous as it is today. According to legend, because the export of silkworm eggs was forbidden in China at that time, the princess hid the silkworm eggs in a hat and secretly took them out ... In the center of the drawing board lived a lady with heavy makeup, wearing a high crown and kneeling girls on both sides. There is a basket at one end of the rectangular drawing board, which is filled with something like fruit, and at the other end is a multifaceted thing. At first, it was difficult to explain. Later, I saw the maid on the left pointing to the lady's high crown, under which was a princess hiding in China.
Stein's point of view is the same as Xuanzang's record-"Silkworm mulberry is in this country, unknown in the past, and belongs to Wendong, so people are ordered to find it." At that time, the monarch of the Eastern Kingdom kept it a secret, but he refused to give it, so as to guard against death and not to release silkworms. Wang Nai bowed in Khotan and proposed to the East. The monarch was ambitious and agreed to his request. King Khotan ordered an emissary to meet his wife and sincerely said, "Your speech was addressed to the monarch and daughter of the Eastern Kingdom. There are no silkworms in our country, so you can take them and wear them yourself.' When the woman heard what he said, she secretly asked for its seed and put it in a hat stuffing. At the customs, the master searched everywhere, but the queen's hat was afraid to be inspected. Then he entered Kanguo, stopped shooting at Galand's hometown, prepared a ceremony to welcome him into the palace, and left here with mulberry seeds. At that time, Xuanzang visited the "Mashe Galand" in the southeast of the capital of Khotan, which was established to commemorate the monarch and daughter of the Eastern Kingdom. In addition to the Records of the Western Regions of Datang, there are similar records in the Records of the Kingdom of Khotan and other documents. The content of Princess Chuansi's painting and Xuanzang's "The Tale of the Western Regions of Datang" are mutually confirmed, which has aroused widespread concern of scholars at home and abroad. The drawing board of Persian Bodhisattva was discovered by Stan in a small room of a Buddhist temple in Uhrik, Dandan. Under the drawing board, there is a sitting statue. This is a strong and powerful man. His body and clothes are completely Persian, but he is obviously a Buddhist god with a long face and big eyes. "The black beard on his face is no solemn Buddha. Beards and thick black eyebrows enhance the manners of western men. "He is wearing a golden hat, like the crown of the Persian Sassanian dynasty. The slender waist shows the traditional Persian male beauty. Wear a brocade coat, tie a belt around your waist, hang a machete, pedal boots and sit cross-legged. The scarf hangs from the head and sits around. Just like the bodhisattva in Central Asia, it has four arms to show Shinto. Except one holding the leg, the other three arms hold the method, one holding the short spear, one holding the goblet and one holding the flower. The whole statue is extremely dignified and solemn. Stein believes that behind the drawing board of "Persian Bodhisattva", "three devils in India are painted", with dark blue muscles and naked body, wearing a tiger skin skirt below the waist, two cows holding their heads high and bending under their crossed legs. " All these show that they are similar to the Shinto of Indian Tantric Buddhism. "The dragon lady figure discovered by Stan is called the masterpiece of ancient oriental painting art.. This is one of a series of colorful murals in a Buddhist temple in Dandan Uhrik. " Its unconventional theme and vivid pictures immediately attracted Stein's attention. In the middle of this "dragon girl" is a naked girl standing in the lotus pond, with a high bun on her head, a scarf, collar, armband and bracelet on her head, and ornaments hanging on her hips. She caressed her chest with her left hand, put her right hand on her abdomen, and twisted her hips three times. There is also a naked boy in the swimming pool, holding the naked woman's legs in his hands and looking up at her. Naked women also look back at boys with joy and shyness. The pool is surrounded by a chessboard pattern, and lotus flowers float on the water.
When describing this painting, Stein said: "The outline of the picture is simple, and the beautiful lines outline the energetic charm. The fingers of the right hand caressed the chest, the left arm curved to the waist, and four belts tied with small bells tied to the hips, resembling dancers in early Indian sculpture art. But strangely, in the late classical works of art, beautifully painted grape leaves appeared where figs should be painted. The face of the girl in the bath turned to her right and looked down at the little boy ... The lotus flowers in the pool were vivid and varied in shape, some were in bud, some were half-open, and the colors ranged from dark blue to deep purple. It shows that the painter is very familiar with these holy lotus flowers after long-term observation ... There are figures such as horses painted in front of the pool, reminding people that its theme may be to express an absurd myth, that is, Xuanzang recorded the story of the dragon girl in Weinan River proposing marriage to the world. "