history
Chocolate was first made by Mexicans. 65438+At the beginning of the 5th century, the Spanish explorer hernando Cortez discovered in Mexico that the local Aztec king was drinking a drink made of cocoa beans with water and spices. Cortes took it back to Spain on 1528 and planted cocoa trees on an island in West Africa. Spanish people grind cocoa beans into powder, add water and sugar, and heat them to make a drink called chocolate. This drink is very popular. Soon, the Italians learned how to make this drink, and it soon spread all over Europe.
1642, chocolate was introduced into France as a medicine and was eaten by Catholics.
From 65438 to 0765, chocolate entered the United States and was praised by Thomas Jefferson as "having the advantages of health and nutrition".
In 1847, cocoa butter was added to chocolate drinks to make what is now known as a chewable chocolate bar.
1875, Switzerland invented the method of making solid chocolate, which gave us the chocolate we see now.
19 14, the production of chocolate stopped in World War I, and chocolate was transported to the battlefield and distributed to soldiers.
manufacture
Cocoa beans are fermented, dried, baked and ground to make cocoa juice. Cocoa juice can be made into cocoa butter and cocoa powder, or high-quality coarse cocoa juice can be further processed into chocolate.
Types of chocolate
Classification by composition
Different types of chocolate tasteless chocolate: hard texture, as semi-finished products, making chocolate fillings and so on.
Content: cocoa butter content is higher than 50%
Composition: No addition.
Dark chocolate: or pure chocolate: hard and slightly bitter.
Content: Generally, it refers to chocolate with pure cocoa butter content higher than 50% or milk content lower than 12%;
Ingredients: cocoa butter, a little sugar.
Milk chocolate:
Content: at least 10% cocoa pulp and at least 12% milk; Chocolate pound-chocolate without cocoa butter
Ingredients: Cocoa products (cocoa liquor, cocoa powder and cocoa butter), dairy products, powdered sugar, spices and surfactants.
White chocolate:
Content: excluding cocoa powder
Ingredients: as big as milk chocolate, with more dairy products and powdered sugar and high sweetness.
[Edit] Classification by additives
Solid chocolate:
It refers to chocolate that is mostly flaky and blocky without other ingredients such as nuts and biscuits.
Solid chocolate with inclusions mixed with other ingredients:
Refers to chocolate mixed with finely chopped nuts, soft sweets, biscuits and other ingredients.
Coated or molded products with candy, fruit or nut center:
Chocolate wrapped in nuts.
Wine chocolate:
It means adding wine and syrup to chocolate.
Coated or molded products of bread center:
The crispness of biscuits contrasts with the smoothness of chocolate. , reference: zh. *** /w/index？ title = % E6 % 9C % b 1% E5 % 8F % A4 % E5 % 8A % 9B & amp； Variant=zh-, when you see chocolate, all men and women who love beauty will turn their heads to avoid it because they are afraid of getting fat and high fat. It seems that eating it will fall into the obesity trap and it is difficult to consume after a lot of exercise. In fact, eating chocolate in moderation is good for your health. It is said that chocolate can protect the heart, prevent cancer, make you energetic, happy and prolong life. It is quite a "healthy" snack!
Protect the heart and reduce occlusion.
Many people think that chocolate is a high-fat food, which will definitely have a bad influence on the heart, but in fact, the saturated fat in chocolate is stearic acid, which will be automatically converted into oleic acid by the liver after absorption. It belongs to the category of healthy fat, and it has been proved that it will not increase the cholesterol content in human blood.
Some studies have found that eating chocolate can reduce the risk of heart disease because cocoa contains a lot of polyphenols, which is a powerful antioxidant. This antioxidant can prevent vascular occlusion, similar to antioxidants contained in red wine, green tea, fruits and vegetables, and effectively prevent heart disease.
If you want to be healthy, you should also eat enough, because there is also unsaturated fat palmitic acid in chocolate, and if you eat too much, you will have a chance to raise your blood cholesterol.
In addition, chocolate polyphenols are said to have anti-cancer effect, which can remove free radicals in the body and reduce harm to the body. Recently, a study in Japan further confirmed that chocolate can reduce the risk of skin cancer, because cocoa contains a substance called epicatechin, which has been proved by experiments to inhibit the formation of tumors on animal skin.
Copper makes you energetic.
Chocolate is rich in copper, with 0.2 mg of copper in every 28 mg of pure chocolate. Copper can help the body make red blood cells, which bring oxygen to all cells in the body. Active cells naturally make people smooth and energetic, and slow down the aging speed.
Harvard University followed up 784 1 male, and found that the death rate of people who eat one or three rows of ordinary chocolate every month can be reduced by 16%, which is about 1 year longer than others. Researchers believe that this is related to antioxidants in chocolate.
Refreshing is not addictive.
A 40-gram bar of chocolate contains about 15-30 mg of caffeine, which is only one tenth of 1 6-ounce cup of coffee. Caffeine can stimulate the brain, but if it is absorbed too much, it will make people nervous and insomnia. Therefore, eating chocolate in moderation is helpful to clear your head and reduce fatigue without mental stress. Unlike incense, wine and sedatives, chocolate can make you dependent, even addictive, and endanger your health, so Xian Yi, young and old.
Chocolate can also resist depression and make the brain feel happy and peaceful. When we are depressed, depressed, or need comfort, we might as well eat some chocolate to relieve the feeling of depression.
Tips for healthy eating.
Every 40 grams of pure chocolate contains about 220 calories, accounting for only 1 1% of the daily average intake limit, but its sugar content is 50% of the daily limit, so eat less.
The more cocoa powder, the stronger the antioxidant effect, so drinking chocolate particles can absorb more antioxidant components, but use water instead of milk and less sugar to prevent excessive fat intake.
The antioxidant content of dark chocolate is higher than that of milk chocolate and white chocolate, so when buying chocolate, it is best to give priority to dark chocolate.
If you want to eat chocolate healthier, you can choose almond chocolate, because almond fat is monounsaturated and beneficial to the heart and blood vessels. Its vitamin E, magnesium and phosphorus are 50% higher than pure chocolate, and its calorie and fat content are similar to pure chocolate.
Women may choose raisin chocolate, because raisins contain fiber, iron and phosphorus, which helps to strengthen the health of bones and teeth and reduce the fat content in chocolate. But dried raisins also contain fructose, which will make chocolate sweeter.
Chocolate should be stored at 15-20 degrees and the humidity is about 50%. Because the cocoa butter of chocolate will melt the oil above 20 degrees, and the chocolate will begin to soften, although it has no adverse effects on health, it will taste worse.
Don't eat chocolate after drinking milk
Some people will feel abdominal pain after drinking milk and eating chocolate, but there is no such problem when drinking chocolate milk. Why? It turns out that milk contains animal protein and calcium, which is an alkaline food, while chocolate contains oxalic acid, which is acidic. When the two foods are eaten together, oxalic acid will combine with the alkalinity in milk to produce calcium oxalate precipitation, which will cause abdominal pain or stomach diarrhea.
When we drink chocolate milk, we won't have abdominal pain, because chocolate milk is made of processed cocoa powder, and stabilizers are added to chocolate milk, so that the ingredients in chocolate milk become mixed, and we won't feel that our stomach is affected when we drink it. , reference:. Qid = 7006123104621,some people will feel happy and surprised after eating chocolate. .....
But chocolate is a bad food, because it makes us fat! ! ! Me, what should I do if dark chocolate has an effect on human body? I knew it. Dark chocolate helps to relieve cough. (^0^)
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