Time: 2005 65438+February 65438+April 10:33 Source: Sports Let me say two words (0).
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Author's brief introduction Lin Cheng, associate professor of Beijing Institute of Technology, has undertaken many national key automobile research projects and has rich experience in automobile design. Since 2003, he has participated in CCTV-5F 1 live broadcast as a special guest, and has made in-depth research on F 1. In 2004, he published the book F 1 Mastery: Advanced Required Reading for Car Fans. Last place in the stands of Shanghai International Circuit!
In 2006, the engine of F 1 racing car will be changed from 3.0 liter V 10 to 2.4 liter V8, so as to reduce the engine research and development expenses of each team and improve the safety of the competition. This rule change will cause the engine output power to be reduced by about 200 HP compared with the 2005 season (about 900 HP). For the team that can't get the V8 engine specified in the new rules at the beginning of the 2006 season, it is also allowed to use the V 10 engine that meets the technical rules of the 2005 season under the condition of limiting the engine speed. Source: Federal Intelligence Agency.
Anyone who has watched the F 1 race on the spot will be deeply impressed by the huge roar of the engine of F 1 racing car V 10, which is not felt by fans sitting in front of the TV watching the broadcast, and it is also the most "distorted" place and regret of F 1 TV broadcast. During this year's F 1 October/China Station, I sat in the last row of the main stand of Shanghai International Circuit and watched the race for an hour. Although it is far from the track, I still can't stand the stimulation of noise on the eardrum, so I finally have to wear earplugs. I once saw a super car fan on the internet calling on everyone not to use earplugs, but to feel this "wonderful" sound with their own ears. I really admire it. However, I was lucky enough to meet a senior expert who studied tanks. He has been engaged in the research of high-power engines for a long time, saying that the noise of F 1 engines is similar to that of tank engines. As a result, he watched the game without earplugs.
F 1 speed secret: high engine speed
On the weekend of F 1 race, there are generally low-level Formula Racing or RV races, but there are few spectators, because there is really a lack of motivation compared with F 1 race. The reason why F 1 can become the top race in the racing industry is largely due to its super "heart"-engine.
The self-weight of modern ordinary intermediate station wagon is about 1.2 to 1.5 tons, the engine output power is about 100 to one Happy and Fifty horsepower, and the limit speed is about 160 to 200 kilometers per hour, which is enough to meet the "sense of movement" requirements of ordinary people only in terms of engine power. According to the rules, the weight of F 1 racing car is required to be 600-605 kg (including driver, car camera and ballast), but the engine power of V 10 is as high as 800-900 horsepower, and the power per unit weight (specific power) is 12-20 times that of an ordinary RV. With such powerful power, the F 1 racing car shows amazing performance. For example, it only takes about 3 seconds to accelerate from 0 to 160 km/h, and the F 1 racing car can easily accelerate to more than 300 km/h on the existing 19 F 1 tracks, with the top speed. It is no exaggeration to say that the F 1 racing car is equipped with an engine that can make it fly as long as its body can meet the needs of pneumatic lift-off.
The displacement of F 1 racing car is not much different (even lower) from that of ordinary civilian cars, but the engine output speed is 2-3 times faster than that of ordinary cars. For example, the speed of BMW F 1 engine can even reach more than 19000 rpm, which is the biggest secret that F 1 racing engine can achieve high power.
This super "heart" weighs less than 100 kg. About two thirds of typical engine parts are made of aluminum and one third of them are made of steel. Only about 5% of the parts are made of other materials including titanium, magnesium and carbon fiber. Without the technical restrictions of the FIA, the engine manufacturing will use a lot of expensive new materials to make it lighter and better. An F 1 racing engine consists of about 6,000 parts, and the cost exceeds100000 USD. In recent seasons, the total engine expenditure of all F 1 teams is about 10 billion US dollars, accounting for 50% of the total annual budget of all teams, which has also become the direct reason for the FIA to force the engines to "slim down".
V8 PKV 10: Super V8 is not a dream.
From the analysis of the results of F/KLOC-0 in recent three seasons, it can be clearly seen that on the one hand, the FIA has revised the rules many times, such as limiting the excessive use of aerodynamic effects and prolonging the service life of engines and tires. On the other hand, the team can quickly find a way of technical progress within the framework of the new rules, and it won't take long to restore the previous speed, especially the engine speed has increased from the original 18000 rpm to the amazing 19000 rpm, and the power has also increased to 900 accordingly. If this cycle goes on, the F 1 racing game will become a pure money game. Whoever spends more money will get better grades and have a higher threshold, which will ultimately affect the popularity of F 1 sports. At the same time, the speed is getting faster and faster, and the safety of drivers will become a problem, which deviates from the original intention of racing.
The FIA believes that the effective solution is to make the powerful "heart" of the racing car smaller: the original 10 cylinders arranged in a "V" shape are cut into eight cylinders, and the displacement of a single cylinder remains unchanged at 0.3 liters, and the total displacement is reduced from the original 3 liters to 2.4 liters. If other racing factors remain unchanged, the output power of V8 engine will be only 4/5 of the original, that is, about 700 horsepower, thus directly achieving the purpose of deceleration.
Fans are more concerned about: Will the power of V8 engine be greatly reduced, which will affect the enjoyment of the game? At present, the winter test results of 10 f 1 team may give a general answer. Many teams have adopted the way of comparative test drive, that is, some drivers drive cars with V 10 engines, while others drive V8 engines (or V 10 engines with only 8 cylinders). 1 1 On 29th, Toyota put the 2006 racing car TF 106 into the track test for the first time. The car uses Toyota RVX-06V8 engine, and the lap time in Catalonia is about 1 min 17 seconds, which is 2-3 seconds slower than Barton's performance with Honda V 10 engine. However, the time difference between V8 and V 10 engines will not be accurate until more teams complete the track test of V8 engines.
Although the use of V8 engine will definitely curb the excessive growth of F 1 cars at the beginning of 2006, even the roar on the track is not as loud as that of V 10 engine, but how long can this situation last? Can you achieve the effect of reducing costs at the same time? It's not too late to answer.
In the F 1 racing world, the V8 engine has also made great achievements. Ford Cosworth DFV3.0V8 engine won 155 sub-station titles, while Lotus Team, which used DFV for nearly 16 seasons, won 5 teams and 4 drivers' titles. Veteran tycoon Williams has decided to join forces with Cosworth Engine in 2006. Apart from the shrinking budget after breaking up with BMW, it is largely due to Cosworth's rich experience in V8 engines. Moreover, most mature technologies of V 10 engine can be transplanted to V8. Secondly, the engine power depends not only on the displacement and number of cylinders, but also on the engine speed. The higher the rotational speed, the more times the piston does work in the engine at the same time, and the higher the output power. The current V 10 engine can reach 19000 rpm. If the V8 engine can make a big breakthrough in speed, the power performance will not be bad. Cosworth V8 engine is said to exceed 2 1000 rpm, which proves that the appearance of "Super V8" will not be just a dream as long as the team and manufacturers increase their investment in R&D, and the original intention of FIA's cost-saving reform is likely to fail again.