On April 8, the National Development and Reform Commission issued a clear document to intensify the reform of the household registration system and completely cancel the restrictions on the settlement of second-class cities with a permanent population of 1 10,000 to 3 million; I-type big cities with a permanent population of 3 million to 5 million in urban areas should fully liberalize and relax the settlement conditions and completely cancel the restrictions on the settlement of key groups.
What are the benefits released by the policy? How to improve urban public services? Can large, medium and small cities develop harmoniously? The relevant person in charge answered.
On April 8th, the National Development and Reform Commission issued "Key Tasks of New Urbanization Construction in 20 19" (hereinafter referred to as "Key Tasks").
The document clearly stated that it will continue to deepen the reform of the household registration system. On the basis that small and medium-sized cities and small towns with urban permanent population below 6.5438+0000 have gradually abolished the settlement restrictions, the second-class big cities with urban permanent population of 6.5438+00000-3 million should completely abolish the settlement restrictions; I-type big cities with a permanent population of 3 million to 5 million in urban areas should fully liberalize and relax the settlement conditions and completely cancel the restrictions on the settlement of key groups.
According to this document, mega-cities should adjust and improve the settlement policy of points, greatly increase the scale of settlement, streamline points, and ensure that social security payment years and residence years account for the main proportion. The city government should explore the adoption of differentiated and accurate settlement policies and actively promote the settlement of rural poor people who have established files and cards. Permanent residents who rent houses are allowed to settle in urban public accounts.
Will the liberalization of settlement restrictions boost the property market?
69 cities canceled or relaxed restrictions on settlement, and strengthened the coordination of inter-city real estate market regulation policies.
What people are most concerned about is, according to the "key tasks", which cities have liberalized their settlement restrictions this year?
According to the Statistical Yearbook of Urban and Rural Construction in China issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, at the end of 20 17, there were 69 cities with a permanent population of/kloc-0 to 5 million, among which Xi, Shenyang, Harbin, Kunming, Zhengzhou, Hangzhou, Jinan, Qingdao, Dalian and Changchun had a permanent population of more than 300.
There are 59 cities that meet the "complete lifting of restrictions on settlement", including Changsha, Luoyang, Suzhou, Wuxi, Yangzhou, Hefei, Ningbo, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Nanning and other cities.
Compared with the key tasks of new urbanization construction in 20 18, we can find that the reform of household registration system in China has been intensified, and the conditions for the settlement of agricultural migrants who have been employed in cities and towns have been relaxed. Last year, the policy also required that "the number of years for large cities to participate in urban social security should not exceed five years, among which second-class large cities do not implement points settlement, and cities with conditions should further reduce the number of years for social security; In I-type big cities, the implementation of points settlement should greatly increase the weight of social security and residence years, and encourage the cancellation of annual settlement restrictions. " This year, if you want to settle in a class II big city, that is, a big city with a permanent population of 1 10,000-3 million, you don't need to meet the requirements of social security years, and the restrictions on settlement are completely cancelled.
In fact, long before the introduction of national policies, some big cities have quietly relaxed their restrictions on settlement.
In March, Shijiazhuang issued a policy to fully liberalize the restrictions on urban settlement. Applicants can apply to the local police station with their ID cards and household registration books, and their spouses, children and parents can also move with them.
In early April, the Notice on Implementing Policies and Measures to Stabilize the Growth of Enterprises and Promote the Development of the Real Economy issued by Hangzhou also reduced the conditions for settling in Hangzhou from "undergraduate talents under 45 years old and specialists under 35 years old who have lived in Hangzhou for at least 1 year and have paid social security for at least" to "full-time college graduates and above who work in Hangzhou and pay social security, and can settle directly".
Then, if the settlement restrictions are lifted, will the house prices rise accordingly? Zhang Dawei, chief analyst of Zhongyuan Real Estate, analyzed that since 20 19, more than 50 cities have introduced various policies on talent introduction and settlement. Except for Beijing and Shanghai, it is not difficult for most cities in China to settle down. The liberalization of the settlement policy is conducive to the equal access of agricultural transfer population to urban public resources, and also makes the real estate market have a stable market demand.
"The talent policy has lowered the threshold of purchase restriction in disguise, which will bring the expectation of rising house prices." Zhang Dawei said that the rise in housing prices in some second-tier cities in the past two years has a lot to do with the unprecedented strength of talent policies. However, in the long run, the core role of talents in cities is to promote industry, not real estate, so talent policies should not be a window for real estate regulation.
In this regard, the policy also proposes to "improve the supply system of commercial housing in metropolitan areas and strengthen the coordination of real estate market regulation policies between cities." It can be seen that "the house is used for living, not for speculation" is still a long-term positioning, and the regulation principle is still based on the city's policy and classified guidance.
After the liberalization of the settlement policy, how to enjoy the public services of the city?
Public schools are generally open to migrant children, and the coverage of public rental housing and housing provident fund system has expanded.
The "Key Tasks" proposes that, in accordance with the principle of respecting wishes and making independent choices, we should focus on agricultural transfer population, take into account graduates from universities, vocational colleges (technical colleges) and inter-city transfer employees, and promote the equal enjoyment of basic public services by permanent residents who have not settled in towns. This year, we will ensure that all willing permanent residents who have not settled down hold residence permits, and encourage all regions to gradually expand the public services and convenience projects attached to residence permits.
Looking at education again, by the end of 2065438+2009, the basic conditions for running all compulsory education schools in China have reached the requirements of "20 bottom lines". In cities with many children of floating population, the supply of educational resources should be increased, and public schools should be generally open to children of floating population, so as to improve the policy of children of floating population taking the college entrance examination in the inflow areas.
Looking at social security, this year, we will comprehensively promote the establishment of a unified medical insurance system for urban and rural residents, improve the online settlement rate of hospitalization expenses in different provinces, and promote the high-quality development of telemedicine and community hospitals. Promote the coverage of old-age insurance for urban and rural residents, and guide all regions to comprehensively establish the basic old-age insurance benefits for urban and rural residents and the normal adjustment mechanism for basic pensions.
Looking at housing, we should continue to deepen the pilot project of using collective construction land to build rental housing this year, and expand the coverage of public rental housing and housing provident fund system to permanent residents.
Looking at employment, this year we should promote the expansion of vocational skills training for migrant workers and improve their quality. The city government should give priority to providing basic public services such as vocational skills training for the rural poor who have worked and lived stably in cities and towns but have not settled down, and increase the labor relay with the rural poor areas.
"For the permanent residents in cities and towns who are temporarily unable to settle down, it is necessary to ensure that all of them hold residence permits to provide basic urban public services and convenience, and encourage all regions to gradually expand the gold content of residence permits. Pay attention to employment, education, medical care, social security, housing and other people's livelihood priorities, so that the agricultural transfer population can also achieve income, education, medical care, pension and housing in cities. " The relevant person in charge of the Planning Department of the National Development and Reform Commission said.
According to the "key tasks", supporting policies such as "linkage of people, land and money" will be deepened this year. When arranging central and provincial financial transfer payments, more consideration should be given to the number of agricultural transfer population. In 20 19, we will continue to arrange central financial incentive funds to support more areas to settle down. When arranging the scale of new construction land in cities and towns, we will further increase the weight of the number of agricultural transfer population settled in the previous year, and explore that the index of construction land for urban settlement of rural poor people will be used by the input place. Improve the subsidy mechanism for financial construction funds for infrastructure investment in cities with more poor people.
Promote the 654.38 billion non-registered population to settle in cities and foster the development of modern metropolitan areas. So who will build these modern metropolitan areas? The "Key Tasks" pointed out that social capital should be encouraged to participate in the construction and operation of metropolitan areas. Under the premise of land use control, it is allowed to adjust the saving index linked to the increase or decrease of urban and rural construction land in metropolitan areas across regions.
Big cities are more attractive. What about small and medium cities and rural areas?
Promote the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities, and enhance the attraction to rural teachers and grassroots medical staff.
The "Key Tasks" clearly pointed out that it is necessary to promote the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities.
"In the priority of the development of large, medium and small cities, we should pay special attention to the coordinated development of cities of different scales and levels, and we should not only pay attention to any one. In particular, we should pay more attention to the development of small and medium-sized cities. " The relevant person in charge of the Planning Department of the National Development and Reform Commission introduced.
Megacities can no longer "spread the pie". Megacities should base themselves on urban function orientation, prevent disorderly diffusion, rationally relieve non-core functions of the central city, and promote the diffusion of industry and population to the one-hour traffic circle area.
Big cities strive to improve the level of refined management, enhance the ability of factor agglomeration, high-end services and scientific and technological innovation, and play the role of scale effect and radiation.
The development of small and medium-sized cities should be classified: potential small and medium-sized cities should improve their industrial support ability and public service quality, and promote the local urbanization of the population; Shrinking small and medium-sized cities should slim down and keep fit, strictly control the incremental inventory, and guide the population and public resources to concentrate in urban areas; We will steadily increase a number of small and medium-sized cities and implement the establishment of cities in extra-large towns where non-county governments are resident.
At the same time, adjust and optimize the layout of education and medical resources, in principle, give priority to the newly built and relocated vocational colleges in small and medium-sized cities, arrange more tertiary hospitals in small and medium-sized cities, support well-known tertiary hospitals in big cities to set up branches in small and medium-sized cities, and support well-known primary and secondary schools in big cities to provide counterpart assistance to schools in small and medium-sized cities.
Small towns should strengthen infrastructure and public services, make up for shortcomings and improve their ability to serve township residents and surrounding rural areas.
How to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas at the same time of coordinated urban development?
Looking at hardware, "Key Tasks" proposes to make overall arrangements for roads, water supply, power supply, information, logistics and other facilities, and complete 200,000 kilometers of newly rebuilt rural roads in 20 19.
Looking at the software, this year, provincial governments will be encouraged to establish a supplementary mechanism for rural teachers with overall planning and unified selection, and enhance the attractiveness of rural teachers through measures such as steadily improving treatment. Increase the job attraction of primary medical staff, encourage county hospitals and township hospitals to establish county-level medical institutions, and encourage big city hospitals and county hospitals to establish counterpart assistance, roving medical care and telemedicine mechanisms.