On the Teaching Reform of Food Safety in Colleges and Universities
Nowadays, food safety has become a very important topic of people's livelihood, which is closely related to social stability and development. In recent years, with the rapid development of food processing industry, more and more food safety hazards have appeared around us, food-borne diseases have been rising, and malignant pollution incidents have been exposed one after another. A large number of disputes caused by food safety have attracted wide attention from all walks of life. For example, the frequent incidents of Sudan red, cancer-causing French fries, clenbuterol, crystal shrimp, artificial propolis and melamine have sounded the alarm for food safety. Therefore, in the face of the rapid growth and great harm of food quality and safety hazards, the specialty of food quality and safety in colleges and universities provides a guarantee for meeting social needs, cultivating compound talents and finally realizing the healthy development of the food industry. As college teachers, we should certainly explore new teaching methods and ideas for food safety courses.
First, improve the course content and cultivate compound talents.
Food quality and safety should run through every food processing link from the place of origin to the table, that is, to realize the whole process supervision of raw material collection, production, processing, circulation and consumption. In order to achieve this goal, college students need to strengthen the knowledge of prevention management and process control on the basis of mastering microbial and physical and chemical detection technologies; Coupled with the technical barriers to trade faced by China's food exports, it is even more necessary for students to master laws and regulations related to food quality and safety, so as to lay the foundation for growing into new talents with both professional ability and legal knowledge in the future; In addition, teachers should also pay attention to the cross-infiltration between disciplines in teaching. Facing the complicated food safety problems, it is no longer a simple food hygiene problem, but a combination of food production, quality management, analysis and testing, biochemical technology, environmental protection and other disciplines. Therefore, it requires universities to revise the content of this subject in time and increase related courses and practical projects. Taking our hospital as an example, aiming at the comprehensiveness of food quality and safety, the teaching syllabus was revised, the courses of modern quality assurance system were added, and ISO series, GMP, HACCP, food risk analysis and food protection were introduced in detail and systematically.
Second, change the teaching concept, standardize the teaching system and improve the teaching methods.
As a professional teacher of food safety course, we must change the previous teaching concept and highlight the main position of students' learning. In teaching, teachers can no longer choose the course content according to their own wishes, but should fully understand the close relationship between the former course and the latter course, so as to skillfully combine the two courses in the teaching process, thus constructing an organic network and an overall food safety knowledge system. When improving teaching methods and ideas, we should formulate a detailed syllabus according to the characteristics of the course and get rid of unnecessary repetition and overlap. Teachers should constantly improve their professional quality and level, always pay attention to information resources related to food safety issues in daily life, actively introduce the latest trends of food quality and food safety in class, and strive to explore new concepts, theories and methods suitable for students. We can use case analysis in teaching. On the one hand, vivid cases with storylines can effectively improve students' interest in class. On the other hand, it is also conducive to cultivating students' ability to analyze and solve problems. In addition, we can make full use of the advantages of computer multimedia for teaching. Teachers themselves must improve the production level of multimedia courseware, master Microsoft Powerpoint, Flash and Authorware, and use excellent multimedia courseware to improve classroom teaching efficiency.
Third, educate students in good faith.
At present, the safety situation of China's food industry is worrying, and the public's voice for food safety supervision is getting higher and higher. The food supervision department is also expecting a large number of high-quality, honest and law-abiding professionals to comply with the public's voice. Therefore, as teachers of this major, we should strengthen the honesty education for students, irrigate and wash students' minds from three aspects: morality, specialty and law, and truly cultivate a group of honest and law-abiding professionals.
Fourth, increase internship opportunities and cultivate students' practical ability.
Colleges and universities should strengthen students' practice according to their own characteristics and advantages, mainly by expanding the practice base, so that students can apply theoretical knowledge to practice at any time and provide a good platform for students to strengthen their professional skills; We should also strengthen contact with food production units or enterprises, negotiate with them to establish a win-win cooperation model, or regularly hire food enterprise managers and professional and technical personnel to give lectures or special reports. Through these internships, students can have a deeper understanding of their professional goals. Therefore, schools and professional teachers should work together to actively create internship conditions and carry out various effective skills training, so that students can meet the requirements of qualified posts and meet the needs of social development. For example, in terms of students' graduation design and internship, our college is more flexible: students who don't want to continue the postgraduate entrance examination can go to enterprises with the intention of accepting internships, which relatively reduces the employment pressure of students, improves the enthusiasm of students to a certain extent, improves the quality of graduation internships, and most importantly, is conducive to the two-way choice between enterprises and students and benefits the society.
Fifth, give students a positive evaluation in the form of dynamic evaluation.
The majority of educators must realize that evaluation is only a means to test the teaching results and cannot be used as a teaching purpose. If properly used, it can fully mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of students, otherwise it will hinder the good development of students' positive mentality. Therefore, colleges and universities must pay attention to the fact that the assessment can not be limited to the simple performance assessment, but should effectively evaluate students' learning attitude and learning methods from many aspects and angles. For example, in addition to letting students do papers and write papers regularly, dynamic assessment should be implemented, which has strong guidance, supervision and incentive functions. For example, the teacher prepares multiple sets of propositions for students according to the content of the textbook, allowing students to choose independently, and then prepares materials and writes reports in their spare time; You can also guide students to put forward their own topics and complete the evaluation through their own inquiry; Or let students discuss in groups and give assessment scores according to their performance in the group; Students can also read one or several articles and point out the defects and problems in them, so as to cultivate students' ability to evaluate the established achievements, encourage students to put forward innovative ideas according to their own knowledge accumulation, and then teachers give assessment results according to students' performance in "analyzing, putting forward and solving problems". In teaching, through these comprehensive and fair evaluation systems, students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning can be stimulated.
In a word, the quality and safety of food is directly related to human health, and it is an eternal theme for the survival and development of human society. Therefore, as a food quality and safety teacher, we should be aware of our great responsibility, make constant exploration and efforts to cultivate professionals who meet the needs of social development and the public, adjust teaching content and improve teaching methods in time, and make contributions to the healthy development of the whole food industry.
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