The teaching of sports dance is different from that of other sports. It lies not only in its technical structure and action rules, but also in its artistry, skill and action mode, which has its particularity in teaching and training.

First, the teaching characteristics of mass sports dance

(A) pay attention to physical art training

Sports dance is an "aesthetic" movement, which not only pays attention to the beauty of human body, but also emphasizes artistry. This kind of human beauty refers to the "artistic" figure, which is characterized by elongated muscles, reduced fat and slender limbs in all parts of the body. Use good muscle coordination and flexibility to achieve beautiful and moving movements. It should not only meet the needs of sports dance itself, but also conform to the aesthetic concept of modern people. Therefore, it is indispensable for dancers to achieve the beauty of various static postures and dynamic movements of the human body, including the beauty of standing, walking, sitting and lying, on the basis of physical beauty through physical training.

Special physical training can provide good physical conditions for sports dance technical training and lay a good foundation for learning sports dance well. Comprehensive human body art training includes strength, control and endurance, flexibility, coordination and flexibility besides the beauty of human body appearance. With these abilities, dancers can make graceful movements freely, smoothly and greatly, and perform extremely wonderful, complex, novel and expressive performances. Physical exercise should run through the whole process of teaching.

(2) Highlight the foundation and proceed step by step.

Sports dance is a self-contained dance competitive event. To master the technical movements and artistic style of sports dance, we need to learn and train special basic movements, starting from these basic elements, including standing, lifting, advancing and retreating, shifting and moving the center of gravity, and reflexivity, rotation, balance and stretching. These movements are separated from the basic technical movements as special exercises, which is helpful to the study of basic technical movements.

Teaching is from shallow to deep, step by step, which contains two meanings: first, technical movements are from simple to complex, from independent movements to combined movements; Second, the technical requirements from low to high, from upright, footwork, orientation, rotation, reflexivity, swing, tilt, etc. It should be taught step by step according to the different levels and stages of dancers.

(3) Double-person teaching

Sports dance is a duet, which requires us to design and consider the teaching content and methods from the characteristics of duet in the whole teaching process. The characteristics of student group learning make the learning process more difficult and complicated. Generally, the method of single-person learning and double-person practice is adopted, that is, technical movements and dance steps are first learned and mastered by one person, and then adjusted and improved by double-person cooperative practice. Whether the action is mastered, whether the action is completed, and the level of the action are ultimately reflected and displayed through the dance of two people. Pairing is the most important form of sports dance practice, and it is also the most skillful, complex and difficult exercise. Men must guide and hint women decisively, actively and accurately in the choice of dance steps, the change of orientation, the grasp and display of dance style and so on. A woman should make an agile, appropriate and accurate response, naturally and actively obey and follow. This is the basic condition for two people to cooperate, and it is also the basic factor that determines the coordination and beauty of cooperation. So this also requires the partners to be relatively fixed. The higher the level of players, the more so. At the same time, teachers are also required to make students correctly master the technical movements of a single person in the teaching process, and also take the graceful, free, wonderful and smooth movements completed by two people as the main content and important form of teaching.

(D) the teaching of comprehensive beauty

Sports dance combines the beauty of dance, music and clothing, and this principle of "beauty" should be emphasized in teaching. Music can give people imagination and expressive force, and cultivate the sense of rhythm and rhythm of actions. Beautiful and beautiful concerts can stimulate students' interest in learning and enhance their confidence in completing actions and their desire to perform. In the melody of music, the images of moving beauty and musical beauty appear constantly. Clothing beauty is also an important aspect of sports dance, and this principle of "beauty" should be emphasized in teaching and training. Appropriate training clothes can highlight the graceful lines of the human body, show the dance style, better reflect the effect of dance movements, and form a coordinated, harmonious and perfect whole, thus improving the learning effect and speeding up the teaching process.

In the competition and performance of sports dance, the beauty of movement, music and clothing created a perfect artistic conception of sports dance, which fully embodied the characteristics of sports dance beauty and gave people a brand-new aesthetic experience.

Second, the teaching methods of mass sports dance

The teaching method of sports dance refers to the way or means that teachers teach students a certain range of sports dance knowledge, technology and skills in the teaching process. Scientific selection and application of teaching methods is of great significance for teachers and students to successfully complete teaching tasks and improve teaching quality.

(A) integrity and decomposition methods

1. Complete method refers to a method in which teachers teach students the actions they have learned completely, that is, they teach them directly from the beginning to the end, and students can master the actions after complete explanation, demonstration and practice. This method is widely used in sports dance teaching, and it is suitable for simple and easy-to-learn movements whose difficulty is suitable for students' level. In addition, students generally have a certain foundation and master a certain single movement, and then they can learn the complete movement on this basis.

The advantage of the complete method is that students can establish a correct and complete concept of action from the beginning, and will not affect the structure and connection of action in practice; The disadvantage is that it is difficult for students to master the details and difficult links in the action.

2. Decomposition method

Decomposition method refers to the method that teachers divide the learned movements into several independent parts or paragraphs according to their technical links, and teachers teach each part to students one by one. That is, through decomposition explanation, decomposition demonstration and decomposition exercise, we can master the method of action. Decomposition method is mainly used in the teaching of more complex movements, such as complex single movements, combined movements and complete sets of movements.

The advantage of decomposition method lies in simplifying complex movements, avoiding students' fear of difficulties at the beginning of learning, facilitating mastering the details of movements, improving learning efficiency and enhancing learning confidence. However, the decomposition method easily leads to the disconnection between actions and destroys the connection technology. So in the end, it is necessary to transition to a complete method to teach.

The following points should be paid attention to when using the complete method and decomposition method in teaching: (1) When learning simple movements, use the complete method in teaching.

(2) When learning more complicated movements, slow and complete practice method can be adopted. After the students establish the concept of movements, complete teaching can be carried out at normal speed.

(3) For complex movements with great difficulty, the movements are often broken down into several local movements in advance for teaching, and the complete movements are taught after the students have basically mastered the broken movements.

In the process of teaching practice, the complete method and the decomposition method are closely combined and used alternately. The purpose of decomposition is to master the technical movements completely, and this method also exists in other teaching methods.

(two) to explain and demonstrate the law

1. Explaining is the most important and commonly used method in the teaching process. Explaining is an audio "demonstration" and an effective way for students to establish a correct concept of action. Explain learning tasks, action essentials, practice methods, etc. Help students to correct their mistakes, and then make clear the technical key and carry out ideological education.

Basic requirements of the explanation method: (1) The explanation should have a clear purpose and pertinence. It is necessary to focus on the teaching tasks and contents, and have clear goals, what to say and how to say it for different students and different learning stages.

(2) The explanation should be scientific. Actions should be correct, technical terms should be standardized and accurate, and the explanation content should be logical.

(3) The explanation should be enlightening. By prompting and asking questions, students can think and answer questions under the teacher's explanation, better understand and "understand" the movements, and constantly consolidate old knowledge and acquire new knowledge on the basis of what they have learned.

(4) The explanation should be vivid. The strength and urgency of language, intonation, proper gestures and eyes will enhance the appeal of language, make the language more vivid, vivid, easy to understand and easy to remember, help students think in images, and stimulate their interest and emotion in learning.

2. Model law

Demonstration method is the most vivid and intuitive teaching method, which is made directly by teachers. Demonstration can show the action in front of students more clearly, concretely and vividly than explanation, which is helpful for students to observe and imitate and establish correct expression and concept of action. Demonstration combined with explanation can better reflect the demonstration effect.

The basic requirements of the model law: (1) The argument should have a clear purpose. According to the teaching tasks and students' level, students can watch and think with the teacher's demonstration, and understand the action details and key technologies.

(2) the argument should be correct. Teachers' demonstration requires accurate, clear and skilled movements, graceful posture and distinct rhythm, which leaves a deep impression on students and makes them eager to try.

(3) Pay attention to the angle and position during the demonstration. The choice of location is based on the principle that all students can see clearly. Choosing the right angle and direction according to the specific action is helpful for students to observe and intuitively grasp the direction and angle specified in the action.

(4) Combination of comparative demonstration and explanation of right and wrong. While demonstrating the correct action, demonstrate the wrong action, compare right and wrong, and let the students know the wrong place to correct the wrong action (be careful not to exaggerate when doing the wrong action). The combination of demonstration and explanation, while demonstrating and explaining, will enhance the interest in learning, accelerate the mastery of technical movements, and achieve better teaching results.

(3) Guidance and guidance methods

1. Leading means that teachers lead students to do actions together, and teachers play an exemplary role. This is a common method in teaching.

The guiding method requires: (1) mirror demonstration is often used in actions. Mirror demonstration helps teachers to observe students' mastery of movements. For combination movements with direction and rotation requirements, or leading students to practice, back demonstrations are often used.

(2) Control the speed and rhythm of leadership. When teaching complex movements and movements with certain difficulties, we should slow down or use slow-paced music. When you encounter faster and more difficult movements in the study of combined movements, you can change or extend the beat or rhythm of the movements on the premise of reasonable structure. Students can reach the required normal speed after mastering it correctly and skillfully.

2. Guidance method Guidance method refers to a method that teachers take the place of boys (or girls) as partners to guide girls (or boys) in teaching. Through the overall guidance of teachers, students can feel the technical essentials and requirements of movements more clearly and directly, and grasp the movements more concretely and accurately, especially in the aspects of action unfolding, music processing, artistic expression and dance style. It is a common method to train high-level dancers to give students more comprehensive and detailed guidance and achieve elaborate results. This is also the main form and method of so-called "small class" or "private class" in sports dance teaching.

(D) Repetition and prompt method

1. Repetition method Repetition method refers to the teaching method of repeated practice according to the action points. Whether it is a single action, a combination action or a complete set of actions, it is an important way for students to learn, improve and consolidate actions.

The basic requirements of the repetition method: (1) The repetition method of a single action: First, practice according to the decomposition of body parts. Such as ascending and descending exercises. The other is to connect individual actions and repeat them. For example, in the waltz, "changing steps left" and "changing steps right" are connected, and the practice is repeated before and after.

(2) Repeated practice of combined movements: one is to select one or several movements from a complete combination or complete set of movements, or several movements designed for teaching, and practice repeatedly in groups; The other is to practice an action, such as the repeated practice of the left-turn series of "turn left backwards" followed by "slide axis turn step" in standard dance. Through these exercises, students can improve their proficiency and quality of movements.

(3) to prevent the repetition of wrong actions. In the teaching process, repeated training is to improve the quality of movements, and it is necessary to find wrong movements in time and correct them in time to prevent the stereotypes of wrong movements.

(4) Reasonable arrangement of repetition times. Through repeated practice, it is required to meet the established quality requirements of teachers at this stage, which will not reduce the quality of practice, but also meet the load capacity of students. Too little repetition can't achieve the effect; Too much repetition can easily make students lose interest in practice.

2. Prompting method

Prompt method refers to a teaching method in which teachers use short language and simple actions to prompt the essentials, correct mistakes and guide students to practice.

Basic requirements for prompt mode: (1) rhythm password prompt. In order to help students master the coordination between action and music, beat passwords are often used, sometimes supplemented by sounds, such as clapping to prompt the rhythm of action and the strength of rhythm.

(2) Prompt for action connection. To help you remember, you can prompt the following connection action at the end of the previous action. This is a method used when students are not skilled in movements or help them master the rhythm of movements correctly.

(3) the expressive force of technical movements and postures. It is suggested that students should pay attention to the places and the effects to be achieved in the dance, such as "shoulder guide", "head up" and "extension". Language hints should be combined with music, sound and emotion to have an infectious effect on students.

(4) Prompting with body movements. It can be body movements, gestures, expressions, eyes, etc. When using actions and gestures, we should strive to be appropriate, accurate and timely, so that students can clearly understand the teacher's intention. Encourage students to enter a good dance state with smiles, nods, eyes and other expressions and eyes.

In addition, beginners of mass sports dance should pay attention to: 1. Don't be eager for quick success.

Ordinary dance beginners, out of their love for sports dance, are always eager to master all the dance skills as soon as possible, so they blindly pursue the number of dance movements and ignore the quality of the movements, that is, the standardization of dance movements. The disadvantage is that although students have learned the most dance steps in the shortest time, most of them are not up to standard. After getting used to nonstandard dance movements, the inertia of the human body will make it very difficult to correct them again. Therefore, when learning sports dance movements, we should be strict with ourselves from the beginning and try our best to achieve the standard of dance movements, so as to learn step by step.

2. Don't pursue the combination of flower steps too early.

When learning sports dance, some students have not fully mastered the basic movements, and the movements are not up to standard, so they begin to pursue the combination of flower steps. In fact, the combination of flower steps is based on solid basic movements. Only by laying a solid foundation can we take our own characteristics to the next level.

3. Attitude is very important

Dance is a kind of human sports art, and its artistic characteristics and aesthetic feeling are mostly expressed through posture, so is sports dance. Elegant and generous gesture will make the dancers full of energy and make the audience feel refreshed. In sports dance exercise, we should always keep the correct posture of holding our heads high, abdomen in, waist upright, shoulders flat, knees relaxed, thighs and hips clamped and lifted.

4. Remove the shadow that looks like a god.

Beginners of sports dance often think that mastering movements is enough. In fact, dance is not only a combination of body movements, but also a comprehensive expression of movement and charm. If you are only satisfied with learning dance movements, you will inevitably appear lifeless, spirituality, and lack charm and artistic conception when dancing.

You can't ignore dance music.

Music is the soul of dance, and dancers always dance with beautiful music melody. Beginners of sports dance should strengthen their musical accomplishment, learn to grasp the rhythm of music and appreciate the style of music. They should not only pay attention to dance movements, which leads to the disconnection between movements and music.

6. Don't change partners frequently.

It is normal for dancers to cooperate badly in the early stage because of their different learning levels and different physical coordination. Considering age, height, sense of rhythm, basic skills of dancing and other factors, beginners should be careful when choosing partners. Once you choose, you should help each other, learn from each other, get to know each other and adapt to each other in study and practice.

7. It's not easy to make a profit

Some people think that sports dance is an entertaining dance, and most sports dance performances seen on TV have smooth steps and harmonious atmosphere, so they think that sports dance is easy to learn and the process is quite pleasant. In fact, the training of basic skills of sports dance is quite hard. If you don't study hard and practice hard, it's hard to reach the elegant state you imagined. Therefore, before learning sports dance, we should straighten our mentality. You know, any skill is acquired through hard study.

8. Starting from hobbies

Some beginners, learning sports dance is a whim, and they feel bored after being heated for three minutes, or they learn because of some pressure. Such learning will be rootless. As the saying goes, interest is the best teacher. Only by starting from one's own interests and hobbies can one study hard and savor it spontaneously in the process of learning sports dance, and dance will advance both physically and mentally.

Third, music teaching in mass sports dance

Music is the soul of dance. Sports dance and music are complementary and inseparable, and have a natural marriage relationship, which creates a perfect artistic conception of sports dance. Dancers should not only learn technical movements and artistic skills, but also have good cultural and musical literacy. In sports dance teaching, music education and dance education should be carried out simultaneously.

(A) the role of music teaching in sports dance

1. The difference between sports dance music and music appreciation

Music works that appreciate music exist as an independent main form. It is the composer's response to the feelings of objective things, which is expressed in music works and transmitted to the audience through the performance of musical instruments and people's singing. Every piece of music has its characteristics of the times and historical background, as well as profound ideological content. In the process of dancing, sports dance music does not let the audience simply appreciate the music and appreciate the ideological content expressed in the music works, but plays a role in setting off each other, expressing an emotion or a style together, making music and movements cooperate and interact with each other in emotion, strength and speed, and enhancing the artistry and appreciation of dance movements.

2. The role of music in sports dance teaching

(1) helps to cultivate students' sense of rhythm. Melody is the soul of music, and rhythm is the foundation of music. Only when the rhythm is accurate can the rhythm of the action be reflected. Learn to distinguish between beat and rhythm. Only when the rhythm is accurate can the movements be coordinated with the music.

(2) It helps to cultivate students' ability to feel music. Every piece of music has its own style, showing certain emotions and a certain musical image. Each of us has a natural perception of music. We need to deepen this ability constantly, make our perception more acute and feel more profound, and we need to learn the day after tomorrow. In the process of listening to music, we should be able to feel what kind of emotions the music shows and what kind of emotions it expresses, and through the changes of melody and rhythm of the music, we can achieve mastery through a comprehensive study, corresponding to the changes of strength, speed and amplitude of the action, and stimulate students' expressiveness and creativity.

(3) It helps to cultivate students' imagination and expressiveness. Music is infectious, beautiful music can stimulate people's emotions, arouse beautiful imagination, improve excitement, and make people spontaneously ask themselves to pursue and express beauty. Due to the limitation of time and space, the music used in a sports dance can't show an important theme and profound theme like a symphony or concerto, but it can show an artistic conception and a style. We can imagine and express these different emotions, such as cheerful, lyrical, excited or brave. Only with imagination can we feel the beauty of music and reflect it.

(4) It is helpful to improve students' musical literacy. The demand for music is the basic demand of human cultural life. Beautiful and elegant music contains subtle noble sentiments, which is a powerful means to shape people's soul and plays an encouraging, purifying and sublimating role in people's spirit. When beautiful and healthy music resonates with people's inner feelings, it can make people have a noble, just and moral emotion, a love for life, life and the world, and increase the strength to fight for it. Therefore, constantly improving music literacy is also a means to continuously improve people's own quality.

(B) Music personality in sports dance teaching

Sports dance is always inseparable from music in the process of competition, training and performance. The melody, rhythm, intensity, timbre, structure and characteristics of music have great enlightenment and help to people's emotional changes and actions. Music is also the soul of sports dance, which makes the content and artistic expression of sports dance teaching more rich and moving with beautiful melody, distinctive rhythm and colorful style.

1. Clear rhythm

In sports dance, rhythm is one of the most important elements in music. The rhythm of music refers to the organization of sounds with the same or different lengths according to certain rules. The rhythm of dance refers to the rhythm of dance movements with time, that is, the length, strength and the relationship between them, which endows dance movements with regularity through alternation and repetition, change and contrast. Different from other dances, sports dance does not emphasize ideology, but expresses the basic skills and dancing skills of the human body through the rhythm of music. An important feature of dance is rhythm, and rhythm is the basis of rhythm. Without rhythm, rhythmic movements will disappear. Therefore, rhythm belongs to music as well as dance. As long as there is a rhythm, you can dance.

2. Beautiful melody

Sports dance is the art of human movement and a kind of "beautiful" movement. Although you can dance as long as you have rhythm, such a dance will be boring and rigid. Dancing in the melody of beautiful movements can stimulate students' rich imagination, give full play to students' delicate artistic sensibility, skillfully combine the rhythm of dance with the rhythm of music, and use music to promote and express the relationship between dance movements and movements. Music melody can enhance emotional color, impress people, cultivate sentiment, and make sports dance have more abundant, beautiful and harmonious expressions.

3. Outstanding style

Sports dance needs not only the rhythm of music, but also the performance of music in dance. In highlighting the specific rhythm flow, we strive to achieve the perfect combination of dance image and music image. This is also the pursuit of a higher level of aesthetic demand in sports dance, which reduces the beat form of * * * to a subordinate position and puts the personalized music image and rhythm characteristics in a more prominent position.

There are ten kinds of sports dances, each with its own unique style, and music also has its own distinctive characteristics. It is this kind of music style and dance style that complement each other and show colorful sports dance to the fullest.

(3) Music appreciation methods

1. Hearing ability of music language Music is an art of hearing, which uses sound as a means of expression. Therefore, when enjoying music, we should first understand the elements of various kinds of music and the sound effects produced by their combination according to certain laws. When composing music, composers have a set of expression system, that is, musical language. Music language includes many elements: melody, pitch, rhythm, beat, speed, dynamics, range, timbre, harmony, polyphony, mode, tonality and so on. The ideological and artistic beauty of each piece of music can only be expressed through various elements. Melody, also known as melody, is the most important means to shape the image of music and the soul of music. Pitch is to listen to the ups and downs of melody and different voices in music works while enjoying music. In terms of strength, we can hear the contrast of strength, grandeur and softness in music works when singing or playing, and the change of sound strength plays a very important role in shaping the image of music. Rhythm refers to the relationship between the length and strength of each sound, and it is necessary to be able to hear different heights, lengths and strengths. There are many different combinations of beats, so in terms of beats, you should be able to hear whether the beat of music is 4/4, 3/4, 2/4 or other beats. In terms of speed, there are fast, slow and moderate. In timbre, we should distinguish timbres of different parts from timbres of various musical instruments, and the contrast and change of timbres can enrich and strengthen the expressive force of music.

2. Overall sensitivity to music

In musical works, several basic elements of music do not work in isolation. These basic elements, according to the needs of the emotional content of music, cooperate with each other and form a melody according to certain rules. Melody develops continuously, forming a certain musical structure. In large-scale instrumental music, multi-part music is played by a variety of instruments. Different voices, according to the change of music theme, plus different harmony, polyphony and overall effect, will have different musical images.

When we appreciate multi-part music, we should pay attention to how each part is combined and how various musical instruments cooperate. Through these different combinations, through these harmony, tonality and the color changes that can be produced by the cooperation of various musical instruments, what kind of musical effects have been produced, which gives me a relatively complete feeling of musical effects. This holistic sense of music plays a very important role in music appreciation. A piece of music is gradually displayed in the process of presenting the theme, developing the theme and ending the theme, which is actually the statement process of the content expressed by music. Therefore, when enjoying music, we should keep up with the progress of music and try our best to feel the overall structure of music, so as to understand the ideological content expressed by music well.

3. Music memory

Music is the art of time, and it develops and manifests with the passage of time. This temporality of music makes the memory of music play an important role in appreciating music. In a musical work, composers often use the same musical material, repeating, developing or changing; Or compare or juxtapose with various music materials. If the appreciator lacks the memory ability of music and has no impression on the music theme that has appeared in music, then he can neither understand the music that appears later well, nor gain the overall impression from the comparison and development of music. If the appreciator can start his music memory well, and listen and feel the music with the progress of the music, he can have a better overall impression of the music.

4. Understand the ideological content expressed by music

Music is an art that is good at expressing and stimulating emotions. All music works express the composer's different emotional experiences in the bumpy life experience under the influence of certain social life. For example, Beethoven's Symphony of Destiny embodies Beethoven's indomitable spirit of fighting against fate all his life, and shows a thrilling and magnificent picture of fighting against fate.

In view of this feature of music, it is decided that when we appreciate music, we should understand the background and characteristics of music works and the composer's life experience, so as to understand the feelings expressed by the composer in music works.

Music works are also ideological, because music works reflect the social life in the composer's mind. Schumann, a German musician, once said, "All the great events of the times touched me, and then I had to express it with music." From this perspective, understanding the ideological content expressed by music is an important part of appreciating music.

In vocal music works, music is combined with lyrics to express ideological content. Because the lyrics are clear, concrete and intuitive, people can easily understand the ideological content of music works. Instrumental works are not. Instrumental music works with titles can also imagine the contents and pictures to be expressed by music according to the titles. But absolute music, without the help of words, is much more difficult to understand the ideological content of music works. This requires the appreciator to understand the background of the times, the social environment in which the composer lives, and the composer's creative thoughts and intentions. When appreciating, we can also learn from the interpretation of music content by relevant experts, and if possible, learn about the composer's life, which will help us better understand the music works.