Epiphyllum has the effects of relaxing bowels, expelling toxin, clearing away heat and treating asthma. It is mainly used for treating symptoms such as fever in large intestine, constipation, hematochezia, sores and swelling, pneumonia, bloodshot sputum, asthma, etc. Flowers have a strong effect and can also treat hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Usage: You can take it with boiled water, stew red meat or take it with fresh products. Stewed red meat is generally mixed with rice wine and half with water; Or add rehmannia root. Hu Aishan and cassia seed are very popular.
Chrysanthemum tea has the function of protecting eyes.
Chrysanthemum has a good effect on treating eye fatigue and blurred vision. China has known since ancient times that chrysanthemums can protect eye health. In addition to smearing eyes can eliminate edema, you can also drink a cup of chrysanthemum tea to eliminate eye fatigue. If you drink three or four cups of chrysanthemum tea every day, it will also help to restore your vision.
There are many kinds of chrysanthemums, and ordinary people will choose chrysanthemums with white flowers and big flowers. In fact, small, ugly and yellow chrysanthemums are the best choice. In fact, chrysanthemum tea does not add tea, just soak dried chrysanthemums in water or boil them. Hot drinks in winter and iced drinks in summer are all good drinks.
Pharmacological effects of chrysanthemum morifolium
Chrysanthemum is a commonly used Chinese medicine, which has the effects of dispelling wind and clearing heat, calming the liver and improving eyesight. Its main components are volatile oil, flavonoids, amino acids and trace elements. According to the origin, origin and processing method, it can be divided into eight mainstream commodities: Chrysanthemum morifolium, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Chrysanthemum morifolium and Huang Ju. There are many studies on the classification, identification, chemistry, pharmacology and clinic of chrysanthemum at home and abroad. This paper introduces the pharmacological research of chrysanthemum at home and abroad.
Effect of 1 on coronary artery
The chrysanthemum preparation studied by Zhejiang Medical University can obviously increase the coronary flow of isolated rabbit heart and in vivo dog heart, improve the ST segment depression of ischemic electrocardiogram caused by stimulating brain center, and improve the tolerance of mice to decompression and hypoxia. Yang Xueyuan and others found that the phenolic part of Chrysanthemum morifolium preparation can increase the coronary flow of isolated guinea pig heart, and has no obvious toxic effect on rabbit heart, liver and renal function. In experimental animals with experimental myocardial infarction, experimental coronary atherosclerosis or insufficient blood supply, Chrysanthemum morifolium can increase blood flow and nutritional blood flow, enhance myocardial contraction and increase oxygen consumption.
Effect of 2 on cholesterol metabolism
Chrysanthemum water decoction can inhibit the activity of HMGR in rat liver microsomes and activate cholesterol 7-2- hydroxylase, thus accelerating cholesterol metabolism. Chun Hu and other studies show that chrysanthemum extract can obviously improve the increase of serum cholesterol in rats. For rats in the normal basic diet group, chrysanthemum extract can keep the total serum cholesterol basically unchanged, but increase the protective HDL concentration and reduce the harmful LDL concentration, which can inhibit the increase of blood cholesterol and triglyceride in the case of high-fat diet. This is undoubtedly beneficial to the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia.
3 antibacterial effect
Chrysanthemum morifolium has a complete inhibitory effect on seven gram-negative intestinal pathogens in vitro, such as Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei, Proteus, Typhoid Bacillus, Paratyphoid Bacillus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vibrio cholerae. It also has antibacterial effect on Jinbu and β -hemolytic streptococcus. It has a certain inhibitory effect on human tuberculosis. Chrysanthemum water immersion agent (1∶4) has inhibitory effects on dermatophytes such as Trichophyton purpurea, Trichophyton concentric, favus Schulendorferi, Mortierella, Microsporum ferrugineum, Microsporum wool, Epidermophyton groin, Epidermophyton rubrum, Carina stellata and so on.
4 antiviral effect
The pharmacological laboratory of Shandong Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine conducted anti-influenza A virus tests on 8 mainstream chrysanthemum products. The results show that all kinds of chrysanthemums have certain antiviral effects, among which Boju and Huaiju have the best effects. Foreign studies have found that chrysanthemum has inhibitory effects on herpes simplex virus (HSV- 1), poliovirus and measles virus in different degrees. Compared with the blank group, the plaque formation rate decreased by 50%. In addition, chrysanthemum also has anti-AIDS effect, which can inhibit the activity of ZV transcriptase and HLV replication. Albino -7-0-B-D-0 binan galactoside isolated from Chrysanthemum morifolium is a new active component against HZV, and its toxicity is very low.
5 Anti-inflammatory effect
Shandong Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine compared the anti-inflammatory effects of eight mainstream commercial extracts of Chrysanthemum morifolium on mice, and found that Jiju, Chuju, Hangju, Gongju and Chuanju had obvious anti-inflammatory effects, while Huaiju, Boju, Qiju and Huang Ju had weak or not obvious anti-inflammatory effects. Chrysanthemum extract can affect the permeability of capillaries in mice and increase the resistance of capillaries, thus having anti-inflammatory effect.
6 antipyretic effect
Chrysanthemum extract has antipyretic effect on rabbits with artificial fever by gavage.
7 antimutagenic effect
Chrysanthemum morifolium can obviously inhibit the micronucleus rate of mouse bone marrow PCE induced by cyclophosphamide, and the plate incorporation test also confirmed that chrysanthemum morifolium can obviously inhibit the reversion mutation of TA98 or TA 100 strain induced by 2- aminofluorene.
8 Anti-aging effect
Chrysanthemum can obviously prolong the life span of silkworm and enhance the peroxide reduction of glutathione. Chrysanthemum extract can improve the hypoxia tolerance of heart and brain in mice and prolong the survival time. Chrysanthemum also has the ability to scavenge O(2) free radicals. Chun Hu et al. studied the protective effect of chrysanthemum extract on superoxide anion free radical damage of biofilm, and found that chrysanthemum extract can enter the glyceride of cell membrane and play a protective role. This discovery shows that chrysanthemum has the hope to play a role in emerging functional foods, especially anti-aging foods.
9 anti-tumor effect
The dandelion saipao-type 3- hydroxytriterpenoids isolated from Chrysanthemum morifolium have a significant inhibitory effect on the skin tumor of mice caused by 12-0- tetradecanoyl Euphorbia diterpenoid alcohol-13- ester (TPA).
English name: Florists Chrysanthemum.
Alias: Chrysanthemum, Autumn Chrysanthemum, Jiuhua, Yellow Flower, Queen Flower.
Family name: Compositae
Origin and Habit: There are more than 30 kinds of chrysanthemums, and 17 kinds are native to China, mainly including: wild chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, chamomile, chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum and so on. It is a perennial herb. I like cold, cold, growth temperature 18-2 1℃, underground roots are drought-tolerant, and waterlogging is the most taboo. I like loam with high terrain, deep soil layer, rich humus, loose and fertile soil and good drainage. It can grow in slightly acidic to slightly alkaline soil. And Ph6.2-6.7 is the best. As a short-day plant, it grows nutritionally under the long sunshine of 14.5 hours every day. Darkness above 12 hours per day and night temperature of 10℃ are suitable for flower bud development.
Legend:
Chrysanthemum, there is a very interesting legend in Japan. In ancient times, a big ship set out from China, carrying 12 noble boys and girls, and set sail overseas in search of the elixir of life. In exchange, they brought the most valuable item-Jin Juhua. Later, the ship was caught in a storm and washed to an uninhabited desert island, where it was forced to live, breed and plant Jin Juhua. After that, people there called themselves "Japanese Empire". The pattern on the Japanese flag that was mistaken for the sun is actually a Jin Ju. And the symbol of the Japanese emperor is 16 petals of chrysanthemum.
Wu Jun of the Liang Dynasty wrote the book "The Continuation of Qi and He": During the Eastern Han Dynasty, plagues and demons harmed Runan Ruhe area, epidemics prevailed, and moans and pains were everywhere. There was a man named Huan Jing, who went through hardships and dangers into the mountains, worshipped Fei Changfang as a teacher and learned the magic power of eliminating disasters and saving people. One day, Fei Changfang told Huan Jing: "The plague demon killed again on September 9, and you have to go back and save your parents and relatives." And told him: "When I climbed the mountain that day, I put Cornus officinalis in a red cloth bag and tied it to my arm;" Drinking chrysanthemum wine will defeat the plague demon and eliminate the disaster. " Huan Jing returned to his hometown and told the villagers the whole story. On September 9, the Ruhe River was blustery and foggy, and the plague demon came to the front of the mountain. Because the chrysanthemum was pungent and the dogwood was pungent, it was difficult to get close. Huan Jing fought fiercely with a sword, and the plague demon was beheaded at the foot of the mountain. At night, people went home, where "chickens, dogs, cattle and sheep suddenly died", but people survived. Since then, the custom of climbing mountains to avoid disasters in Chongyang has been passed down from generation to generation.
Chrysanthemum science
Japan Institute of Agricultural Biological Resources recently cultivated six new chrysanthemum varieties by ion beam irradiation technology. Each chrysanthemum can have five or six colors at the same time, and the petal patterns are different in depth. It looks dazzling, changeable and amazing. Six new varieties cultivated by researchers through ion beam irradiation are called ion bright, ion macro, ion dawn, ion hatsune, ion brilliance and ion magic. Researchers believe that this method can be used to cultivate new varieties of flowers in the future. The researchers used ion beam irradiation to mutate the cultured cells of petals and leaves, and the mutated cells continued to grow. In the past, mutation breeding was mainly irradiated by gamma rays, and the color was single. A chrysanthemum often had only two colors. Moreover, it takes a lot of time to enlarge only the fixed variation part, and it takes much less time to irradiate a chrysanthemum with ion beams of various colors and patterns.
Operation chrysanthemum
When it comes to the use of chrysanthemums, perhaps people can't help asking: What is worth mentioning? There are many kinds of chrysanthemums with bright colors and changeable postures; It is well known that chrysanthemum has high ornamental value, which is a fact, but its more uses are often ignored.
Chrysanthemum wine: It is brewed with chrysanthemum as raw material, glutinous rice and distiller's yeast. It was called "longevity wine" in ancient times. Its taste is cool and sweet, and it has the effects of nourishing liver and improving eyesight, strengthening brain and delaying aging.
Chrysanthemum porridge: use chrysanthemum and japonica rice to cook porridge, which is waxy and refreshing, can clear the heart and remove troubles, and is pleasing to the eye and dry.
Chrysanthemum tea: Tea made of chrysanthemum, with fragrant smell, can relieve summer heat, promote fluid production, dispel wind, moisten throat, nourish eyes and relieve hangover.
Chrysanthemum cake: mix chrysanthemums into rice pulp and steam them to make cakes, or make cakes with mung bean powder and chrysanthemums, which has the therapeutic effect of cooling and removing fire.
Chrysanthemum: "Chrysanthemum Sliced Meat" is fried with chrysanthemum and pork and snake meat or cooked with fish and chicken. Excellent meat quality, nourishing but not greasy, refreshing, and can be used to treat dizziness and wind-heat disorder.
Chrysanthemum soup: use tremella or lotus seeds to cook or steam chrysanthemum into soup, and add a little rock sugar to clear away heat and benefit the five internal organs and treat dizziness.
[Traditional Efficacy] Chrysanthemum is a perennial herb in Compositae, and it is one of the commonly used Chinese herbal medicines in China. Its flower head is used as medicine. According to ancient records, chrysanthemum is sweet, bitter and slightly cold; There is a difference between wild chrysanthemum and domestic chrysanthemum, "but domestic varieties are better, and tonic is more than diarrhea;" Wild chrysanthemum tastes bitter, and diarrhea can not stop, that is, domestic chrysanthemum can clear liver and improve eyesight, and wild chrysanthemum can detoxify and disperse fire. Chrysanthemum is very effective, and Chinese medicine is often used to treat diseases such as red eyes, sore throat, tinnitus, wind-heat cold, headache, hypertension and carbuncle. If eaten for a long time, it also has the effects of "benefiting blood, making people fit and prolonging life". According to legend, Kang Fengzi and Zhu Ruzi in Fairy Tales all became immortals by eating chrysanthemums, so chrysanthemums are known as "the best of medicine and food homology".
[Medical Mechanism] Management analysis shows that chrysanthemum contains volatile oil, inulin, adenine, amino acids, choline, stachydrine, berberine, flavonoids, chrysanthemum pigment, vitamins, trace elements and other substances, which can resist pathogens and enhance capillary resistance; Among them, flavonoids have been proved to have a strong scavenging effect on free radicals, and have remarkable effects on antioxidation and anti-aging. From the point of view of nutrition, the essence of plants lies in flowers and fruits. Chrysanthemum petals contain 17 kinds of amino acids, among which glutamic acid, aspartic acid and proline are higher. In addition, it is rich in vitamins and trace elements such as iron, zinc, copper and selenium, which has incomparable functions for ordinary fruits and vegetables. Modern clinical medicine has also proved that chrysanthemum can dilate coronary artery, increase blood flow and lower blood pressure, and has a good effect on coronary heart disease, hypertension, arteriosclerosis and hypercholesterolemia.
[Others] Colored chrysanthemums are not only common materials for art and painting; It also has the special environmental protection function of absorbing industrial toxic gases and dust such as H2S, Cl2 and SO2. It can also absorb a lot of CO and release O2, which is one of the substances for urban greening. The noble chrysanthemum stands proudly. It has always been a symbol of human integrity. Known as one of the "Four Gentlemen", he has been admired and encouraged by China intellectuals for thousands of years.
"It is better to hold the incense on the branch and die than to blow it into the north wind." In the season of chill and withering flowers, only she stands proudly and perseveres; Considerable to admire, edible and medicinal, lamentable, chrysanthemum is indeed one of the most precious gifts given by God to mankind.
October, also known as "Chrysanthemum Moon", is the season when chrysanthemums are in full bloom, although the frost and dew are heavy.
Chrysanthemum is a common medicinal and edible flower. The habit of enjoying and eating chrysanthemums in China has lasted for thousands of years.
When dazzling chrysanthemums sway in the autumn wind, they can also be colorful on the dining table; Eye-catching and healthy.
In the history of China literature, there are countless works of chanting chrysanthemums, and the inseparable relationship between chrysanthemums and people's lives in China is clearly remembered in black and white. Chrysanthemum is known as "the guest of prolonging life". In addition to medicinal and ornamental purposes, many places have the custom of eating chrysanthemums. "If you drink Mulan in the morning, you will be exposed, and if you eat Qiuju at night, your English will not work." Qu Yuan's singing may be the earliest testimony of eating chrysanthemums. Later, a group of great poets such as Tao Yuanming, Li Qiao, Wang Wei and Zheng Banqiao also had chapters on eating chrysanthemums for health preservation. "Sit in Dongli and taste the flower feast, and a piece of Joan cream is fresh in the mouth." The taste of chrysanthemum and the joy of eating are self-evident.