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Clothing characteristics of Houzang
Tibetan costumes, each place has its own characteristics. 1300 years ago, during the period of the Three Kings of the Tubo Dynasty, there appeared costumes with distinct hierarchical order such as kings, queens and ministers. Later, during the reign of Sakya Sect, Basiba created a dress etiquette system suitable for thirteen systems, including official hats and official uniforms. During the Pazhu and Zangba dynasties, according to ancient costumes, precious costumes such as jewelry and prince's costumes, which were popular in the world, appeared one after another, and were recorded in various historical books. There are many differences in ancient Tibetan costumes, and it is not easy to list them one by one. Here, I will introduce the differences and general characteristics of men's and women's clothing in all walks of life in Tibet, especially in the upper class and the ruling class in the past.

Tibetans, regardless of sex, generally wear robes and belts. Men pleat at the back of the robe, and women pleat at the left and right sides at the back of the robe. There is also a habit that both men and women should pleat the back and sides of the robe. However, in the past, officials' clothing had special symbolic significance with the level of their official positions. There are also various types of costumes among the people, such as the details, advantages and disadvantages of nobles, ordinary people and civilians. Among the costumes of post-Tibetan officials, the daily costumes of the former servants of the internal affairs court and the former local governor of Shigatse, as well as the costumes according to official positions and related folk costumes in various celebrations are as follows:

Official hats and uniforms of monks and laymen in the former internal court.

The daily and celebratory clothes of monks and nuns' attendants. The two Zasa people put on their usual yellow Kuku Sa Ding robes, a jacket and a winter jacket with otter leather edging, and put on their yellow Kuku Sa Ding robes at various celebrations, a Mongolian multi-colored dragon satin or satin and Russian satin jacket. Winter clothes are trimmed with otter skin, as mentioned above. Wear crimson boots in winter and summer. Wear a gauze hat in summer and a big hat with a golden top and a ruby in winter.

The Dalai Lama who went to court wore a Russian satin vest and was decorated with Zedang serge skirt, Ma Xie (top grade), top grade, wool serge and purple woolen cloth. Wear woolen gowns in summer, Durma gowns in winter, yellow satin gowns, and mouthwash jars made of ancient Mongolian satin and Russian gold satin. The mouthwash jar is decorated with a silver bottle, the gold-plated bottle is decorated with jade, and a tie ring woven with purple silk is hung. Wear yellow silk, red and yellow shirts and belts, and usually wear colorful boots with brocade in summer. Wear scarlet boots in winter, cover the clothes with Mongolian colorful clouds, dragon satin and inlaid satin with serge, cover the clothes with Russian satin and gargle, and coat them with Mongolian ancient satin. In summer, wear a riding hat with a ruby hat at the bottom of gold. Wear a hat with yellow serge on the back and leather on it in winter.

The usual uniforms of Tai Chi are a big yellow satin robe and a big white silk shirt, a silk belt, a knife, a bowl cover and a wallet. Wear Mongolian satin robes such as four-phase satin during the celebration. Wear a wooden rope in the left ear and jade in the right ear. The summer hat wears a hoop hat and is decorated with silk thread, with six heroes embedded in the middle. In winter, the hat wears a fox fur hat with a pointed golden base and a hat decorated with red coral. Wear scarlet boots in winter and summer. Wearing Mongolian Taji uniform is basically the same as Zhazha's clothing, except for adding a coral coat.

Hemp yarn, catering, sleeping catering, etc. , regardless of identity, wear a serge skirt and vest (the top grade material mentioned above). Wear wool in summer and ordinary shawl in winter. Wear a shawl on weekdays, wear a satin inlay skill sheet for celebrations, and are not used to wearing a satin gown. Sweaters, underwear and belts are equal to the front. The decorative jar is made of antique satin and Russian satin, and wears a silver vial. The decoration is as always. Wear cloth boots in summer and cinnabar boots in winter. The hat worn by L on horseback is used to wearing the same color sticker hat worn by the big Lama. The big secretary and the small Kampo also wear serge skirts and vests. In winter and summer, wool serge, dama, undershirt, underwear and belt are the same as above. Usually, uniforms wear a kind of clothes called "retouching clothes", and the sleeves are printed with yellow, red, six-phase Zhang Ga, Sanskrit and other gold satin gowns, as well as mouthwash made of antique satin and Russian satin and wearing a silver bottle. Wear cloth boots in summer and scarlet boots in winter. On the anniversary, Cannon wore alpacas and sheep hooks made of ancient Mongolian satin and Russian satin, as well as washing cans made of the same material. The big secretary wears a pen container, which symbolizes the pen container and ink bottle. The pen holder is made of gold-plated embroidery, and a circle of rainbow patterns is woven with silk thread on the brocade enclosed in the ink bottle. The woven silk thread is embedded with a golden hero six-character pattern and a blue ribbon. Wear cloth boots in summer and scarlet boots in winter. Wear the same coral coat on horseback in winter and summer.

The common uniforms of the four common officials in the lower dynasty are yellow satin robes and white silk shirts, and knives and bowl covers are worn on scarlet silk belts. Pocket. Wear four-phase satin and other ancient satin gowns at various celebrations. The costume is the same as Taji, except for the pine ear stone on it. Four officials in Mongolian clothes usually wear crimson satin robes and yellow satin jackets. Wear scarlet boots in winter and summer. Wear a gauze hat in summer and a warrior hat in winter. The top of the hat is decorated with loose otoliths.

The deputy secretary is no different from Da Zhuoni (the receptionist), wearing a zigzag skirt and sheets. Wear skill list, undershirt, underwear, belt, satin robe and silver bottle mouthwash in winter and summer. Shoulder strap, vest, etc. Antique satin and Russian satin in the anniversary canon are the same as above. The big reception officer and the extension reception officer wear bamboo pen ink cartridges. Wear colorful cloth boots in summer and colorful yellow boots in winter celebrations. Hats and top hats are the same in winter and summer.

The courtiers in the lower court usually wear big robes made of yellow satin or red and yellow satin with black and yellow linings, tied with silk belts and covered with knives and bowls. Pocket. At every ceremony, we wore blue satin dresses sewn by four partners. Wear a hoop hat in summer and a fox fur hat with green and white Mary as the top in winter. Wear a pair of purple velvet boots in winter and summer.

Wearing the uniform of Mongolian chamberlain, red and yellow robes, local mandarin jacket, dark brown underwear, silk belt, gauze hat in summer and a big hat with a green white horse like pearls in winter. Wear a pair of purple velvet boots in winter and summer.

Full-time staff in the upper house wear purple serge or Tibetan serge skirt, wool serge in summer, Tibetan serge skill list in winter, yellow silk undershirt and underwear, belt, satin robe and satin mouthwash in silver bottles. On the anniversary, wear ancient satin or Russian satin sails, regardless of winter and summer, wear brocade-edged boots, wear colored hats in summer, and wear green and white jar-topped samurai hats in winter.

The full-time staff of Xia Ting usually wear a yellow satin or red and yellow robe and a dark brown underwear, with a knife, bowl cover and wallet pinned to a scarlet belt. Wear blue four-phase satin or blue-green satin robes at various festivals. Wear a hoop hat in summer and a fox fur hat with a sapphire crown in winter. Wear a pair of purple velvet boots in winter and summer.

Ordinary Wang Zhong (official name) wears Tibetan serge skirt, wool serge or Tibetan serge skill list, yellow silk undershirt and underwear, satin dress, and various anniversary dresses sewn with antique satin or Russian satin. Wear a pair of cloth boots with cinnabar raw edges in winter and summer, and wear Bra or Tang Jie colored boots when traveling. Wear a Certi hat in summer and a knight hat with coral or fake coral crown pearls in winter.

Ordinary vulgar officials usually wear uniform black or purple, blue-green robes and dark brown underwear, with a knife, a bowl cover, a wallet, a beard and an ear jade on a scarlet belt. Every Daqing ceremony is dressed in red and yellow or muddy yellow robes and a woolen coat, regardless of winter and summer, wearing a cloth hat and a pair of purple woolen colorful boots.

Wearing the usual uniform of Mongolian officials, a scarlet robe, such as serge and woolen cloth, and a jacket in songkhla or brownish red. Wear purple satin or blue-black mandarin jacket and clay or red-yellow mandarin jacket at the ceremony. Wear a dark brown underwear, a silk belt, a crystal pearl gauze cap and a pair of purple wool colored boots.

The top hats of the above-mentioned third-class monks and secular officials, in addition to the level of official titles, can choose gold or gold-plated top hats according to their own financial resources and interests.

The secretary and cushion manager in charge of warehouse organization usually wear Ma Xie and woolen robes or thin and wrong clothes, a dark brown underwear, a knife, a bowl cover, a wallet, earrings and a rope tied on a silk belt. Wear black flannel or black leather school boots in winter and summer. Put on a brown shawl. The uniform of waiters in the stabilization mechanism is the same as above.

2. Uniforms are related to the status of monks and vulgar officials, the clothes of master and servant, and the clothes of servants on weekdays and while driving. Pingrizaza, Lama, Taiji, and Kampo should apply Jing Rong cushion or saddle pad with hidden cushion to their owners' horses, and cover them with a saddle cover of scarlet wool. The four sides are decorated with three sets of silk ropes, silver-plated or gold-plated plastic brass reins and soft sheaths, with Mongolian velvet saddle pads. The saddle of the servant above the courtiers is covered with blue, black and blue blankets, and there is no practice of preparing saddle pads. Other waiters, receptionists and ordinary waiters generally use saddle pads with hidden cushions. Because of the difference between monks and laymen, they use scarlet and cyan saddle covers, rope with silk thread, brass or heavy objects embossed with Bai Gang, etc. As mentioned above. Mounts above Kampo level are decorated with Shuangliu Su, and attendants and ordinary officials are decorated with tassels on their chests. Horses from Zasa to Kampo level or above should be equipped with a red and yellow saddle with silk thread on all sides and a rope with silk thread when driving. The so-called "golden saddle" is a gold-plated bronze saddle, decorated with jade, covered with velvet, and decorated with bronze and saddle sheath. Servants and horses should use Han saddle with halter, saddle sheath and Han pad. The harnesses of waiters, receptionists, flight attendants and ordinary employees are called "power saddles", with brass edges, and the side lined with bra or Tang Jie is woven with silk thread, with colorful flowers on it. The worn bronze bridle is short of 8 chiefs' harness and servants' harness, and the worn bronze bridle is equipped with 8 chiefs' saddle. Ordinary servants above Zasa, Taj Mahal, Lama and Kampo sent the police to wear long earrings decorated with gold boxes and pearls, tassels, scarlet robes, silk belts, knives, bowl lids and purses. The other attendants and servants of the reception officer wore woolen or tattered brown-red robes and tassels.

The original Xigaze county magistrate and the costumes of monks and nuns.

General county magistrate and Kampuchea rank, general Kampuchea (deputy Kampuchea) uniform, monk's dress in Zedang serge skirt, wool serge skill list in summer and Dhurma skill list in Ladakh in winter. Summer boots, wear purple cloth boots, decorated with gold satin or patterns, edged with blue and black silk thread, and use red handfuls as boots. Wear scarlet boots in winter. There are antique satin and purple-yellow satin mouthwash jars hanging around the waist, and there is also a silver bottle with gold-plated fire relief, rose jade and scarlet silk thread. Satin robe made of wool serge or Zedang serge. The left and right sleeves are made of red and yellow satin with patterns of six phases, gold medals, Sanskrit and dragon and phoenix. The collar and sleeves are wrapped in red silk, and yellow or red and yellow underwear is worn inside. In winter, I wear a yellow satin robe with otter skin edge, white silk underwear with lapels, and a knife, bowl cover and purse tied to a scarlet silk belt. Wear a hoop hat decorated with vermilion ribbon in summer, and the ribbon woven by silk thread behind the hat is inlaid with gold or gold-plated heroic six-character figure. The cap tip is decorated with a gold or gold-plated bottle-shaped coral crown, which is decorated with a status symbol. Wear a round fox fur hat with black leather in winter, and the coat is the same as above. The earrings on the right are decorated with amari or pine otolith, and the earrings on the left are decorated with gold, jade or pearls. Hair is made of vermilion tow, which is tied with a inlaid blonde box. Boots, whether winter or summer, wear a pair of scarlet boots.

If the housekeeper is a monk, she will wear brown-red woolen cloth or wool serge and a crimson robe in summer, surrounded by Ma Xie or fine felt. Wear a felt hat in summer and a Daqing hat in winter. Wear boots made of Indian soft leather or yellow bra.

If the shopkeeper is a layman, he will wear a face-saving robe made of purple wool or woolen cloth and a close-fitting underwear with white silk inside. Indian leather or black striped boots. Wear a Hakata hat (yellow bowl hat) and long earrings.

Deacons, butlers and postmen wear wool or purple jackets. Ma Xie's robe, wearing Indian leather or bra. Black velvet boots, a Deborah hat and long earrings. The above are the routine costumes of the main characters.

For the Spring Festival celebrations in Zong (county) and Tashilhunbulazhang, as well as the costumes for the horse race on the third day, Zong Kaqiong wore robes of colorful clouds, satin or cotton satin, Russian gold satin, purple seal and other new ancient satin, and wore the same basins and hats in winter and summer. On weekdays, when riding a horse, I wear a Serti hat in summer, a Serti hat with yellow wool cushion ring and thin leather edge in winter, and a samurai hat with a coral crown as a status symbol on a gold or gold-plated bottle base. When riding back to Malaysia on weekdays, the owner's harness is equipped with a saddle, and the left and right sides of the saddle are decorated with vermilion hair and silk banners of brocade; Saddle pad with Han pad or corduroy and other fabrics; The three sets of brass halters and Le Sheu Monsieur beaucaire are decorated with two layers of tassels; Both servants' horses were equipped with saddle covers of blue or blue-black cloth on their riding boots, with hidden cushions, without the routine of preparing saddle cushions. Wearing a red tassel hat, the owner's saddle pad is yellow, and so are the other servants.

The monk's housekeeper in Kanqiong, Dongzong (city), wears a scarlet robe, a knife, a bowl cover, a purse, a red tassel hat and other boots as above.

The secular treasurer of Xizong (City) wore a muddy satin robe, a scarlet belt, a saber, a bowl cover, a purse around his waist, a ball cap and purple woolen colored boots.

Deacons wear scarlet woolen coats on robes made of four-phase satin or colorful clouds and dragon satin during the New Year, and clay robes, silk belts, knives, bowls, purses, pen and ink bags, Dyball hats and purple woolen colorful boots on the third day of the third year. Butler and postman also wear yellow clay robes. Wearing a knife, a bowl cover, a wallet, purple wool colored boots and a hat.

On the third day of Tibetan New Year's Eve, when going to watch horse races, the chiefs dressed up and rode in a row. Among the costumes of Zongqiong, the monk's costume is the same as above, and there is nothing special about others. As for the hat, it is like a rapper's hat, with four ears and leather trimmings, and a Carpau hat with a Japanese satin back ribbon and the same top.

It belongs to Spinzhongke's clothing, wearing a Mongolian robe named "Cullen skirt", with Russian satin collar and a pattern of eternal chain woven by blue and black silk thread at the sleeve edge, and the round neck with broken shoulders is made of fine leather such as otter skin. Other winter clothes are basically the same as above. At this time, the harness of the two county magistrates and servants is different from the saddle of the two county magistrates, and it is called "golden saddle", which is made of brass stems and inlaid with jade. This horse, named' Little Silver Carp with Big Han', is made of gold satin, surrounded by white and blue silk woven into a rainbow pattern, and the left and right sides are decorated with ribbons and ropes. A saddle mattress made of Russian velvet is ready with a silver-edged, gold-plated or copper-plated bridle and le $ Monsieur beaucaire. Four attendants, including the reception officer, wore yellow and purple satin robes, scarlet belts, knives, bowl lids and wallets. Put on purple boots, a red tassel hat, long earrings decorated with pearls and a jade hair box. The horse is equipped with a saddle with a China cushion, and the saddle is equipped with a halter and a sheath. The horse leaders of all clans also wore yellow and purple robes, scarlet belts, knives, bowl covers, purses and wooden ropes around their waists. She wears a hair box, a white silk underwear, a yellow jacquard satin saddle coat and a white Hada on her left shoulder. In addition to the harness of the monk's butler, other butlers and deacons, such as Zhongke, prepare the harness of blue woolen cloth, and prepare saddle pads and saddles with silk ropes and back cushions. The harness and clothes of these people's public servants are generally ordinary except for a little newer.

Folk clothing

For the upper class, the rich and the ordinary people, the ancient Tibetans only wore clothes and fur coats made locally. Later, under the influence of the gradual development of commodity exchange with Han and India, the clothing categories of Tibetans were enriched, such as the winter and summer clothing of wealthy men and women such as upper-class aristocrats and businessmen, and Tibetans encouraged Ma Xie and second-class Ma Xie. Fine, wool, China. Cloth, satin, large silk, silk, cocoon silk, lynx skin, fox skin, lambskin clothing. Men's boots include Indian leather and black striped velvet, boots made of bras, long Jane boots, padded boots with wool soles and tubular boots. Women's cotton boots, boots and woolen boots are decorated with patterns embroidered with various colors of silk thread, and there is also the custom of lining top-grade boots with pearls. In Ma Xie, Tibet, woolen fabrics and wool are inlaid with all kinds of gold thread on the belt corner of rainbow apron, which is a belt of all kinds of silk, and some are shoelaces woven with silk thread. Noble gentlemen wear brocade interlining and Russian satin fabrics in winter, with large hats trimmed with sea dragons and otters' skins. Some people also wear hats made of high-quality fabrics such as long-lived gold satin hats and felt hats, and a few middle-class families also wear them. Next time, the clothes and men's shoes that most people wear are fine and open wool, thick wool, fine wool, cotton silk, crepe, brocade and thick silk. A few people wear Indian leather, bras and striped boots and shoes. The female surname wears Tibetan boots, cylindrical boots, back-lined wool boots and embedded boots, which are belts made of thick silk and thick cloth. This woman's surname is also Ma Xie's satin apron, and the fabric is fine.

As for the clothing of ordinary men and women, a few people wear fine wool clothes, while most others wear fine wool, thin wool, felt, cocoon silk and ordinary cotton clothes. Some people wear shoes or boots made of Indian leather, and others. Wear a hat made of rough surface in winter and summer.

In addition, gold, silver, pearls and agates are all equipped with high, medium and low ornaments. For example, aristocratic men wear loose earrings with otolith and coral in their right ear and long earrings with gold, rose jade and pearls in their left ear. In addition, most rich people wear otolith and coral pine earrings in their right ear and jade gold earrings in their left ear. The left thumb is wearing a finger wrench, and the hand is wearing a gold ring and a gold ring. The gold ring is inlaid with emeralds, sapphires and emeralds. Some rings are set with diamonds. In addition, there are necklaces with Mary and coral mixed together. Rich people wear a kind of jewelry called "agate chain", which is a round box or a round box made of agate or "nine eyes", coral and pine ear stones, and decorated with a box of pearls in the middle. Wearing on both sides is also a custom.

The bead crown worn by Tibetan women in the later period is an ornament named "Balong". The left and right ends of the two bamboo bows are wrapped with vermilion silk, and the middle is wrapped with vermilion silk. Because it is woven with hair, it was worn on the head day and night in ancient times, so something called "wooden pillow seat" was built for this object. The headdresses of Tibetan women in Laori near Shigatse are different. They have a kind of Ba Long made of jade and coral, which is wrapped around their left and right ears, just like putting a halter on a sheep's head. After all, Tibetan women's ornaments, such as the floating line behind the head and the Baron ornaments, are all jade, coral and pearls embedded in the pearl crown. Some barons of great ladies are hidden behind, and they have the habit of setting double heads and remembering afterwards.

Baron, the headdress of upper-class wealthy families, has an ornament called "Pearl Capsule", which is decorated in front of Baron with four coral beads in the middle and two jade stones in the gap. The left and right sides are decorated with two coral beads, and the gap is inlaid with jade digging, while the pearls strung on the left and right sides in front of the rest baron are a cover-up. The front and rear floating lines are interwoven with jade corals, and the left and right sides are edged with rose jade, and the back is above. The ornament named "Heng Yan" is a kind of headdress. There are three gold squares inlaid with jade on the pearls strung on the left and right sides of the pearl crown. When celebrating and dressing up, the headdress in front of the pearl crown is said to be called "scorpion waist chain". It is an ornament decorated with silver chain ribbon and back hair band, and is called "pocket mouth". Small bag sewn with brocade, decorated with silver edge and silk thread, and the hook is made of copper.

Add a short coat called "Lamp Field" to the clothes worn at celebrations or sacrificial ceremonies. This is a sleeveless coat with villages on brocade and wool fabrics. Put on a coat called "Five Treasures of Hubei" at the back. The necklace is made of 100 pieces of mixed coral or fine coral, with a high-quality big Ryukyu named "Zhongjie" in the middle, with six pieces on the left and right. In the gap, several pairs of Ma Xiaomi are used as "lifting" ornaments, that is, a string of pearls with gold lattice, a gold ring with loose otolith in the middle, and an ornament called "back line" on the side of the neck chain, which is a woven gold lattice decorated with pearl floating lines. The golden box has three different shapes. The original box is a bucket (hidden) shape, and the new box has eight corners. There is also a polygonal box called "Cai Litou", which is inlaid with various treasures such as rose jade, surrounded by pearls or turquoise, and there are three or four large pieces of high-quality corals, two or three pairs of nine eyes and gaps, strung together with jade or mirrors. One is decorated with pearls floating on the left shoulder. Some rich people also have the habit of wearing diamonds or emeralds. Wear gold, jade, jade hand tin and gold, jade and jade rings on the left and right wrists. Some people use diamonds, jade, jadeite and other inlaid rings. Coral or pearl, ivory, Ryukyu and other hand beads, decorated with ten gold beads.

In middle-class families, the topline and balun are also decorated with mixed ornaments of pine otolith and coral. The front and left sides of the balun are decorated with pearls, and the front and rear rings of the back line are inlaid with gold and silver. The "horizontal extension" of mussel shell is inlaid with loose otoliths with brass lattice. Some people use gold-plated brass grids and gold and silver boxes, and decorate the back line with several pairs of corals and nine-eyed, green and white mink. Wear earrings made of coral and pine otolith, hand pots made of jadeite and jade, and a few people also wear gold rings inlaid with pine otolith. There are also coral temples, ivory ink and other beads.

People who don't have much money wear otoliths and corals to match the "baron". Some people wear baluns without floating wires, and the rings are surrounded by silver or brass ornaments. "Horizontal extension" uses clam shells or small corals. Brass boxes and necklaces mixed with gold and silver or plated with gold are made of fake coral and fake Maris. Wear hand tin such as brass, fake war lang and glass. In short, there is basically no difference between the high, medium and low decorations, styles and conditions of the post-Tibetan women, but there is a difference in value between heaven and earth because of the different quality.

In the past, women had to wear a pearl-shell wrist needle on the wrist of their right hand, because when milking, milk would drip on the hand shop of conch and then flow into the sleeve. It is said that the wrist needle of pearl shell is used to wash milk.

In terms of wearing ornaments, if the girl is unmarried, Piaoxu and Barron's back rings are decorated with a green and white marble, which symbolizes that the girl is unmarried. Some girls have a braid, which is decorated with an ornament called "neck ear", embedded with a green and white marble, mixed with pine otolith or coral. So people who need to get married will choose a spouse when they see this constellation.

In the past, men and women in urban and rural areas wore styles and classes. It can be said that the upper class in the old society, businessmen and men from wealthy families all imitated foreign dresses and wore a pair of trousers, which was called "Bus Li". Most people wear a pair of trousers called "Jiaduoer", with a collar at the waist and wrinkles at the front. The back of trousers is made of satin and wool. Generally, most people use high, medium and low-grade fabrics such as thin shoulders and foreign flannel. Children and men in rural areas seem to wear a pair of Tibetan trousers with left and right bone slits to keep out the wind and cool down, as well as a sleeveless coat and a trip cord that can be buckled on their shoulders. The villagers wore flat belts made of colored wool and belts made of cocoon silk red cloth. Up to now, people still wear belts.

The style of trousers for urban and rural children is probably the same as above.

As for women's trousers, according to their own conditions, they wear close-fitting trousers with various fabrics such as cocoon silk, flannel, safflower cocoon silk, brocade and striped velvet, and most women in the village use safflower as underwear. Pants called "cylinders" in today's skirt styles. Some people wear sleeveless coats that can be buckled on their shoulders to match "cylindrical" pants. Women put on gorgeous or woolen breast protectors, and wrap their abdomen with square gold satin or embroidered linings at the edge of the collar. The upper monks and nuns wear something called "corset", which is like a cinnabar robe and folded in half to the waist. It is an accessory that makes the coat more beautiful and not deformed.

In addition, lamas, monks, upper-class monks and some elderly people wear a summer hat that can block out the sun, which is called "Ge Sang cool hat". There are bamboo spokes on the left and right. The upper-class people make their faces with satin or silk, while the lower-class people make their faces with ordinary cloth. Wear a kind of winter hat called "ear protector" in winter, just like the left and right ears of a teapot cover. Do you have a wallet? You use the face like the "Ge Sang cool hat" mentioned above. In addition, some upper-class people and rich people will wear a pair of waist-less trousers made of satin with a companion rope, which is called "trousers". Men, as ordinary people, wear leather clothes or soft pants. Women in the "Jiaxiaer" area near Shigatse like to wear a special kind of hat. Its face is beautiful and its shape is connected end to end. It is called a flying hat. Women in rural areas also wear robes with "little purple felt". In terms of children's wear, the diaper for babies is covered with a white short-sleeved button, which is called a "loose pull" or a knotted garment pull belt. Older children wear a small robe called "grey suit", which is sewn with red felt on the back and wrapped with square brocade or gold satin in the middle.

Focusing on Shigatse and Gyangze, we systematically studied the costumes of all walks of life in Shigatse, interviewed the local elders and compiled this historical article, but there are definitely mistakes and imperfections in it. I hope scholars can give guidance in teaching.