In fact, diabetics can eat anything, including sugar.
The era of "once you have diabetes, sugar becomes a forbidden area" is over. As long as they stick to a healthy diet, diabetics can eat anything like everyone else. Now, the American Diabetes Association's dietary advice guide is the same as that of the US Department of Agriculture: a balanced diet should be eaten, and nutritious foods from various food groups should be eaten; Eat foods low in fat, cholesterol and sugar; Most of your calories come from whole grains, vegetables, fruits, lean meat, healthy fats and cellulose.
Misunderstanding 1 of daily diet: "People with diabetes must absolutely ban sweets and cakes". Experts explain that it is more important to calculate carbohydrates and choose the healthiest carbohydrates than not to contain sugar at all. People with diabetes can eat a little candy. It doesn't matter much to eat a small piece of cake, a small potato or a small piece of bread. Sugar lovers who love sweets can choose desserts, sweets or soda water made with sugar substitutes.
Statement 2: "Diabetic patients can drink a glass of wine for dinner." (Correct) Expert explanation: Moderate drinking is good for health, including diabetics. "Moderate drinking" means that women drink 1 glass of wine every day, while men drink two glasses of wine every day. People who love sugar should drink in small portions, 1 serving is equivalent to 4 ounces of red wine (about 1 14 ml), 1.2 ounces of beer (about 34 ml) or 1.5 ounces of white wine (about 43 ml). However, sugar friends with out-of-control blood sugar or diabetic nerve damage should strictly ban alcohol.
Statement 3: "Foods rich in fiber, such as beans, help lower blood sugar levels." (Correct) Expert explanation: Studies have found that a high-fiber diet (more than 50 grams of dietary fiber per day) helps to lower blood sugar levels. Foods high in fiber are digested more slowly, which means that glucose will gradually enter the blood, thus helping to maintain a moderate blood sugar level. A high-fiber diet also helps to lower cholesterol levels, help to lose weight and enhance satiety. In addition to beans, high-fiber foods include: fresh fruits and vegetables, whole wheat bread and biscuits, whole grain foods, etc. Sugar friends should pay special attention to the sugar content when buying this kind of food.
Statement 4: "A high-protein diet is dangerous for diabetic patients with kidney disease." (Correct) Expert explanation: Studies have found that patients with kidney disease will eat a high-protein diet faster. Renal function loss process. If. Kidney function is normal, but a high-protein diet will not cause kidney disease. The American Diabetes Association suggests that the daily intake of protein by patients with diabetic nephropathy can only account for 15% ~ 20% of the total calories in a day. Optional high-protein foods include: beans, fish, chicken and so on. It's best to eat less red meat. If you want to lose weight, you should keep a balanced diet and reduce food by 500 calories every day.
Reasonable diets with 1 to control total calorie intake are mostly in negative balance and have poor nutrient absorption rate. Therefore, nutrition must be controlled at ordinary times, but it must be sufficient to avoid malnutrition. The daily total calories of elderly diabetic patients are calculated as 30 calories per kilogram of body weight, but it is lower for obese people (about 25 calories) to help lose weight. After reaching the ideal weight, the glucose tolerance will also be significantly improved.
2. Allocate carbohydrates in a reasonable nutritional proportion: According to the modern point of view, it is advocated to eat a diet high in carbohydrates, which generally accounts for 60% ~ 65% of the total calories and does not change the total calories. This will not only improve glucose tolerance, but also will not increase the required amount of insulin. A high carbohydrate diet can improve insulin sensitivity. It is generally believed that the main factor affecting the increase of blood sugar is the intake of total heat energy. Recommended food: coarse grains, such as black rice and barley. Clinical research shows that cereals can protect the cardiovascular system and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Others such as durum wheat, corn, buckwheat, etc.
Protein: At present, the intake of protein recommended by American Diabetes Association (ADA) accounts for 65,438+00% ~ 20% of the total calories (65,438+00 ~ 65,438+05g per kilogram of body weight of elderly diabetics), so it is better to use plant protein, because it contains more fiber, which is beneficial to lower cholesterol. In recent years, it is considered that the glomerular filtration rate of senile diabetes mellitus with high animal protein diet is increased, thus increasing the burden on the kidney. Advocate suitable food: dried beans such as broad beans, soybeans and green beans and their products; Milk and its products: milk, yogurt, etc.
Fat: controlling the intake of saturated fatty acids and replacing saturated fatty acids with monounsaturated fatty acids or polyunsaturated fatty acids are beneficial to improve the metabolism of blood sugar and blood lipids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids can effectively reduce the increase of cholesterol in diet and have the effect of lowering blood lipid. Suggested food: soybean oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, pecan, almond, olive, etc.