Signs and numbers also play a special role in international trade. According to the convention, the risk will not be transferred to the buyer before the commodity is specified. The most common and effective way of commodity specialization is to mark and number on the outer packaging of commodities. In addition, international trade mainly adopts cash by documents, and major export documents such as invoices, bills of lading and insurance policies must show shipping marks and numbers. When the goods are transported in containers, the shipping marks and numbers can be replaced by container numbers and sealing numbers. Dangerous goods are collectively referred to as inflammable, explosive and highly corrosive goods. The transportation of dangerous goods is extremely dangerous, and a little carelessness may cause material losses or casualties. China has become the second largest economy in the world. The export of chemical and pharmaceutical raw materials classified as dangerous goods is growing rapidly, and the national requirements for the transportation of dangerous goods are also increasing year by year and gradually standardized.
According to different properties, dangerous goods are divided into the following categories:
According to GB 13690- 1992 Classification and Labeling of Commonly Used Hazardous Chemicals and GB6944——2005 Classification and Commodity Number, it is divided into the following nine categories: Category I-explosives, Category II-gases, Category III-flammable liquids and Category IV. For those chemicals with multiple hazardous attributes, they are generally classified according to the principle of "rearrangement", that is, according to the main hazardous attributes of hazardous chemicals.
What dangerous goods can be transported?
All dangerous chemicals can be transported, but the dangerous grade and category of the goods should be made clear before transportation. The higher the risk factor, the higher the requirements for transportation. Not everyone can transport dangerous goods by vehicles, special lines and professionals. The transportation requirements of 89 products are relatively simple.
Precautions for dangerous goods packaging:
Dangerous goods should be safely packed according to their nature, transportation distance and road conditions along the way before shipment. Packaging must be firm and tight, and there should be clear, standardized and easily recognizable marks on the packaging.
What should I pay attention to when declaring dangerous goods?
1. Before dangerous goods are exported, provide a dangerous goods manual (which must include Chinese and English names, dangerous goods grades, dangerous goods page numbers and UN numbers) and ask the customs whether this port accepts such dangerous goods.
2. If the port receives such dangerous goods, it can start to arrange booking.
3. Before booking the space, you must fill in the Application Form for Registration of Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Inspection Units and the Application Form for Packaging Appraisal. If the company is registered at the entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureau where the port is located, you don't need to fill in the Application Form for Registration of Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Inspection Units, but you need to stamp our official seal on the Application Form for Packaging Appraisal, and submit the two documents to the factory, which will apply to the local commodity inspection bureau for packaging appraisal of dangerous goods exported by sea.
4. When booking the shipping space, in addition to the normal documents, the following documents must be provided: the Chinese and English instructions for dangerous goods (photocopies), the use appraisal results of the packaging containers for dangerous goods exported by sea, and the performance appraisal results of the packaging containers for dangerous goods exported by sea (carton packaging). Note: sometimes a packing certificate is required.
5. When booking space, if dangerous goods are of different types, the booking of dangerous goods must be handled separately according to different dangerous characteristics, so that ships can stack and transport dangerous goods with different characteristics according to the isolation requirements of the International Maritime Dangerous Code, which is beneficial to safety. For example, if a letter of credit and a contract ship goods of three different natures, namely oxidant, flammable liquid and corrosive products, three consignment notes must be prepared respectively according to the three different natures of dangerous goods, and one consignment note shall not consign three incompatible dangerous goods at the same time; Otherwise, three incompatible dangerous goods will be packed together on the ship, and the three incompatible goods will easily contact each other, causing chemical reaction, combustion, explosion and accidents. In the case of container transportation, it is forbidden to pack incompatible dangerous goods in the same container.