1 on the evening of July 7, 937,

2. The locations are Lugou Bridge and Wanping Ancient City.

3. Cause: When the Japanese army was exercising near Lugou Bridge in the southwest of Beiping, they asked to enter Wanping County for a search on the pretext that a soldier was "missing", but 29 army, a China garrison, sternly refused.

4. Course: 1 On the afternoon of July 7th, 937, the 8th Squadron of the 3rd Brigade of the Japanese North China GuardNo.1,led by its captain Jielang Shimizu, went to the area between Huilongmiao and Dawayao, which was close to China's garrison station in Lugouqiao. At 7: 30 in the evening, the Japanese army began to exercise. At 22: 40, the Japanese army claimed that gunfire came from the exercise area and a soldier (Shimura Kijiro) was "missing".

Immediately forcibly entered the ancient city of Wanping, where China was stationed, and searched it, but was sternly refused by 2 1 10 brigade 2 19, 37th Division, 29 army, China. While deploying the battle, the Japanese army pretended to negotiate with China under the pretext of "artillery fire" and "missing soldiers". At around 24: 00, Jicha authorities received a phone call from Taihei Matsui, the head of the Japanese secret service in Peiping.

Matsui said: Yesterday, the Japanese army was practicing outside Lugouqiao. When they heard the gunshots, they immediately stopped the team and found a soldier missing. The gunman suspects are China's troops stationed in Lugouqiao. They believe that the gunman has entered the city and demand an immediate search in the city. The Chinese side allowed Japanese soldiers to enter the city in the middle of the night, which may cause local unrest. While the Chinese officers and men were sleeping, the gunshots were not issued by the Chinese side, so they refused.

Soon, Matsui called the authorities in Kyrgyzstan and said that if the Chinese side did not allow it, the Japanese army would forcibly search the city. At the same time, the authorities in Kyrgyzstan received a report from Lugouqiao, a garrison in China, saying that the Japanese army had formed a siege attack on the ancient city of Wanping. In order to prevent the situation from getting worse, the authorities of Hebei Province, after consultation with the Japanese side, agreed to jointly send personnel to Lugouqiao for investigation. At this time, the "missing" soldiers claimed by the Japanese side have returned to the team, but they have not been reported.

At about 5: 00 am on July 8, the Japanese army suddenly launched a shelling. China's No.5 29 army Command immediately ordered front-line officers and men: "Be sure to hold the Lugou Bridge and the ancient city of Wanping". "Lugou Bridge is the tomb of your, and it should live and die with the bridge and cannot retreat." The 3rd Battalion of 2 19 Regiment, which guards Lugou Bridge and Wanping Ancient City, rose under the command of its head Ji Xingwen and battalion commander Jin.

5. Results: After the July 7th Incident broke out, the Japanese army's attack met with stubborn resistance from the China army. Seeing that the attempt to occupy the Lugou Bridge could not be realized, the Japanese army played a conspiracy of "local negotiations". On the one hand, they wanted to bring China to heel through negotiations, on the other hand, they wanted to buy time for sending troops in the name of negotiations.

6. Historical significance of the incident: The July 7th Incident was the beginning of Japanese imperialism's all-round war of aggression against China and the starting point of the Chinese nation's all-round war of resistance.

Extended data:

The historical background of the July 7th Incident;

1931September 18, the Japanese army provoked the September 18th Incident, occupied the northeast of China and concocted the puppet Manchukuo. After the Japanese army occupied the Northeast, it extended its talons to North China and attempted to instigate "North China autonomy". 1in June, 936, the Japanese emperor approved the new imperial national defense policy and military force application program, and publicly declared his ambition to control East Asia and the Western Pacific and eventually dominate the world.

On August 7, Japan's Five-phase Meeting adopted the national policy benchmark, which specified the strategic plan of invading China, invading the Soviet Union and waiting for the southward advance. At the same time, according to the annual invasion plan of 1936, the invasion plan of 1937 was made. 1936 Since May, Japan has successively sent more troops to North China, constantly creating troubles and frequent military exercises, and the situation in North China has become increasingly severe.

At that time, the garrison of China, which was guarding the Peiping-Tianjin area, was the 29th Army, and Song, the commander of the army, was also the chairman of the Jicha government affairs committee.

Baidu Encyclopedia-July 7th Incident (the starting point of the Chinese nation's all-round anti-Japanese war)