Physiological characteristics: including gender, physical condition, height, weight and appearance.
Education experience: including education level, training experience, academic achievements, club activities, work experience, life goals, etc. The influence of personal factors on career choice (1) Personality is very different from that of professional people, either warm and outgoing, shy and introverted, calm and calm, or irritable. The research of occupational psychology shows that different occupations have different personality requirements. Although everyone's personality can't be 100% suitable for a certain occupation, we can cultivate and develop the corresponding occupational character according to our own occupation tendency. People with different personality characteristics determine the job position and performance of each employee for enterprises; For an individual, it determines whether his career can be successful. In recent years, some educational psychologists have divided occupational character into nine basic types according to the actual situation in China. See the table below: Type characteristics are suitable for career change types. They are willing to engage in new and unexpected activities or jobs, like a variety of jobs, and are good at diverting attention. Journalists, salesmen, actors. Repetitive type is suitable for continuing the same job, working according to a fixed plan or schedule, and likes repetitive, regular and standard work. Textile workers, machine tool workers, printers, film projectors. Obedience is willing to cooperate with others or act according to their instructions, rather than making decisions and taking responsibility independently. Office clerk, secretary, translator. Independent people like to plan their own activities and guide others' activities or make decisions about the future, and feel happy in an independent and responsible work situation. Managers, lawyers, policemen, boy scouts. Collaborative type feels happy when working with others, is good at guiding others, and hopes to be liked by colleagues. Social workers and consultants. Wit-type can self-control and calmly respond in tense and dangerous situations, and can complete tasks well and calmly when accidents and mistakes occur. Drivers, pilots, public security personnel, firefighters, survivors. Self-expression likes to express one's hobbies and personality, make choices according to one's feelings, and express one's ideas through one's own works. Actor, poet, musician, painter. Strict type pays attention to the accuracy of every link and detail in the work process. Willing to work as perfectly as possible according to a set of plans and steps, inclined to work strictly and try to see the effect of their excellent work. Accountant, cashier, statistician, proofreader, librarian and typist. Most occupations meet the characteristics of several personality types at the same time, and each has the characteristics of several professional personality types at the same time. In the process of actual coincidence, we should deal with it according to the requirements of personal personality and occupation, and we can't generalize it. (2) Interest and career interest are very important to the development of life and career, so interest is naturally one of the important factors in career choice. In order to make it easier for everyone to choose a suitable occupation according to their own interests, this paper introduces various types of occupation interests and the characteristics of corresponding occupations in the Canadian Vocational Classification Dictionary. See the table below: Occupation with adaptive characteristics 1 Willing to deal with things, preferring to contact tools, appliances or numbers rather than dealing with people. Cartographer, repairman, tailor, carpenter, builder, cashier, bookkeeper, accountant, surveying, engineering technology, machine building, etc. I am willing to deal with people, like to associate with people, and am interested in sales, interviews, information transmission and other activities. Journalists, salesmen, salespeople, waiters, teachers, administrators, diplomatic liaison officers, etc. Willing to deal with characters and symbols, like regular activities. Accustomed to working under pre-arranged procedures, willing to work regularly. Mail sorter, office worker, librarian, document sorter, typist, statistician, etc. Willing to deal with nature, like geography and geological activities. Geological prospectors, drillers, miners, etc. I am willing to work in agriculture, biology and chemistry, and like experimental activities in planting, breeding and chemical industry. Agricultural technicians, breeders, plumbers, laboratory technicians, pharmaceutical workers, vegetable farmers, etc. 6 Willing to engage in social welfare work, like to help others solve difficulties, such people are willing to help others, they strive to improve others' situation, help others solve problems, like to engage in social welfare and help others. Consultants, technical extension personnel, teachers, doctors, nurses, etc. Willing to organize and manage, like to be responsible for some things and play an important role, hope to be respected and respected by everyone, and be willing to lead and organize. Organize leaders and managers, such as administrators, enterprise management cadres, school leaders, counselors, etc. I am willing to study people's behavior and psychology, like to talk about topics involving people, and am interested in people's behavior and psychological state. Psychology, politics, anthropology, personnel management, ideological and political education research, pedagogy, behavior management, social science workers, writers, etc. I am willing to engage in scientific and technological work, like to find and solve problems through logical reasoning, theoretical analysis, independent thinking or experiments, reasoning and testing activities, good at theoretical analysis, like to solve problems independently, and like to make new discoveries through experiments. Biology, chemistry, engineering, physics, natural science workers, engineering and technical personnel, etc. 10 is willing to engage in imaginative and creative work. Like to create new styles and concepts, most of them like to work independently and are quite confident in their knowledge and talents. Willing to solve abstract problems and eager to understand the world around them. Social investigation, economic analysis, various scientific research work, chemical testing, new product development, as well as actors, painters, creators or designers. 1 1 Willing to do technical work of operating machines, like to carry out activities through certain technologies, interested in using certain technologies, operating various machines, manufacturing new products or completing other tasks, like to use tools, especially large and powerful advanced machines, and like concrete things. Manufacturing industry, etc. Pilots, drivers, machinery. 12 is willing to engage in specific work, and likes to make tangible products and get pleasure from them. I hope to see the fruits of my labor as soon as possible and get satisfaction from the finished products. Interior decoration, gardening, beauty, haircut, manual, mechanical maintenance, chef, etc. According to this classification, one interest type can correspond to multiple occupations, and each occupation often has several types of characteristics at the same time. If you want to be a nurse, you should have the characteristics of three interest types: willing to deal with people (type 2), willing to help others (type 6) and willing to do specific work (12). If you are not interested in a certain aspect, try to cultivate and develop your interest in this aspect to meet the requirements of nursing profession, otherwise it is better to choose a career that is more suitable for your interest type. (3) Ability is directly related to career development and high ability. High ability, not abstract quality, can be expressed through professional roles: the ability of a symphony orchestra to conduct is obviously different from that of an excellent scientific and technological personnel and an excellent airplane pilot. Ability is a prerequisite for a person to enter a profession and a subjective condition for being competent in professional work. No matter what occupation you are engaged in, you must have certain ability to do security. Without any ability, it is impossible to enter a professional job, and there is no occupation for individuals. Ability refers to the ability to complete certain activities. In a person's life, if he wants to engage in various social life and social production activities, he must have various abilities corresponding to it. The ability we are talking about here refers to the ability of workers to engage in social production activities, that is, the ability to work professionally. Human abilities can be divided into general abilities and special abilities. General ability is often called intelligence, including attention, observation, memory, thinking ability and imagination. General ability is some basic abilities that people must have to successfully complete various tasks. Special ability refers to the ability to engage in various professional activities, which can also be called specialty, such as computing ability, music ability, action coordination ability, language expression ability, spatial judgment ability and so on. It can be seen that ability is a prerequisite for a person to complete a task and a basic factor affecting the work effect. Therefore, it is of great significance to know your own ability tendency and ability requirements of different occupations for reasonable career choice. Different abilities have different career choices. From the perspective of ability differences, the following principles should be followed when choosing a job: ① Pay attention to the coincidence of ability types and occupations. From the perspective of ability differences, people's ability types are different, that is, people's ability development direction is different. The research on occupations shows that occupations can also be divided into different types according to the nature, content and environment of work, and have different requirements for people's abilities, so we should pay attention to the coincidence of ability types and occupation types. The ability level should be consistent or basically consistent with the professional level. For a profession or occupation type, due to different responsibilities, it can be divided into different levels, and different levels have different requirements for people's abilities. Therefore, after determining the occupation type according to the ability type, you should also determine the matching occupation level according to the ability level you have reached or may reach. Only in this way can the coincidence of ability and occupation be concrete. Give full play to the role of superior ability. Everyone has an ability system composed of various abilities. In this ability system, the development of all aspects of ability is unbalanced. Often some abilities are dominant and some are not very prominent. For career choice and career guidance, we should mainly consider their best ability and choose the career that can give full play to their advantages and abilities. Similarly, in personnel arrangement, if we can pay attention to a person's strengths and abilities and assign corresponding jobs, we will give full play to a person's role. (2) Pay attention to general ability and occupation. General abilities include attention, observation, memory, thinking ability and imagination. Different occupations have different requirements for people's general ability, and some occupations have absolute requirements for the intelligence level of practitioners, such as lawyers, engineers, researchers, university teachers and so on. These all require high IQ; Intelligence largely determines the type of occupation. (3) Pay attention to the matching of special abilities and occupations. Special ability refers to the ability to engage in a professional activity, which can also be called specialty, such as calculation ability, music ability, action coordination ability, language expression ability, business ability, spatial judgment ability, shape perception ability, finger flexibility and dexterity. To successfully complete a job, you should not only have general abilities, but also have special abilities needed by the job, such as reading ability and expression ability. To engage in mathematical research requires the ability of calculation, spatial imagination and logical thinking. For example, a judge should have strong logical reasoning ability, but not necessarily strong hands-on ability; Builders should have certain spatial judgment ability, but they don't need good language expression ability.